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Post-Vaccination Disseminated Bacillus Calmette Guerin Infection Among Children in Southern Iran.

BACKGROUND: Disseminated bacillus calmette guerin (BCG) infection is a rare but life threatening complication of BCG vaccination. It has been mainly seen in severe immune deficiency. A precise and rapid diagnosis is crucial for prompt initiation of an aggressive anti-mycobacterial treatment. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is directly applicable to smear-positive clinical specimens, proven to be a rapid and specific diagnostic test. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate disseminated BCG infection among 34 children in southern Iran, mainly confirmed by PCR. PATIENTS AND METHODS…

Health Care Associated Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS): A Case from Iran.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection, has caused recurrent outbreaks worldwide. It is associated with severe morbidity and mortality, and is not treatable with the currently available antiviral therapies. We present a case of a 43 year-old male healthcare provider, who admitted with productive cough, dyspnea, myalgia, pleuritic chest pain and fever. Computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral ground glass opacities and consolidation. Sputum polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for MERS-coronavirus was positive.

Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence in HIV positive individuals in Shiraz, Southern Iran.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in the world. It is usually a self-limited disease but may leads to the deaths of about 20% of pregnant women in developing countries. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HEV infection among HIV individuals . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional survey of HIV positive individuals in voluntary counselling and testing center of Shiraz in 2013 Using the systematic random sampling method, 158 patients enrolled for the research. They were asked about their age, gende

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from lettuce samples in tehran, iran.

BACKGROUND: During the last decade, the prevalence of foodborne diseases due to contaminated food as well as the outbreaks of diseases due to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains has increased. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of STEC strains in lettuce samples. Since lettuce is used as a raw vegetable in salads, the rates of infections caused by this vegetable are high. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 100 samples collected from Tehran, Iran, were transported to the laboratory, homogenized by a stomacher in …

Pathological findings of slaughtered camels' (Camelus dromedaris) kidneys in Najaf-Abad, Iran.

The kidney of camel is known to play a vital role in water conservation through the production of highly concentrated urine that may predispose animal to varieties of renal dysfunction. In camels renal disorders have received lesser attention in comparison with other animals, thus there is shortage of information in this area. The present study was conducted on 100 slaughtered camels (Camelus dromedaris) (200 kidneys) in Najaf-Abad district (Iran) to evaluate the frequency and types of renal disorders. Results demonstrated varieties of gross abnormalities in 14.00% of kidneys that out of them,…

Molecular genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus from dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) in eastern Iran.

With the aim of genotyping Echinococcus granulosus cysts found in Iranian dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius), 50 cysts of E. granulosus were collected from five geographical regions in Iran. Cysts were characterized using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) gene and sequencing fragments of the genes coding for mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1). Morphological criteria using rostellar hook dimensions were also undertaken. The present results have shown that 27 out of 50 E. granulosus c…

Monthly activity of Phlebotominae sand flies in Sistan-Baluchistan Province, Southeast Iran.

The monthly activity of sand flies, which are vectors of leishmaniasis, was studied from May to October 1997 in three regions (plains, mountainous, coastal) of the Sistan-Bluchistan Province using sticky paper traps. In each village, three houses were selected. 30 sticky traps were installed indoors (bedroom, guestroom, toilet, bathroom) and 30 were installed outdoors (rodent burrows, wall cracks). In total, 8,558 and 1,596 sand fly specimens were collected and identified from outdoors and indoors, respectively. Ten species of Phlebotomus and eight species of Sergentomyia were collected outdoo

Molecular identification of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in small mammals from Northeast, Iran.

BACKGROUND: Alveolar echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the metacestode of Echinococcus multilocularis. Many species of small mammals, including arvicolid rodents or Ochotona spp., are natural intermediate hosts of the cestode. The main aim of this study was to identify natural intermediate hosts of E. multilocularis in Chenaran County, Razavi Khorasan Province, northeastern Iran, where the prevalence of infected wild and domestic carnivores is high. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A program of trapping was carried out in five villages in which this cestode was reported in carnivo…

Microsporum fulvum, an ignored pathogenic dermatophyte: a new clinical isolation from Iran.

Misidentifying with Microsporum gypseum has for a long time been accounted for less prevalence of the geophilic species, Microsporum fulvum in human dermatophytosis. We describe a new case of infection with the species in an Iranian young man. Direct examination of skin scrapings revealed a tinea corporis, and morphological study of the recovered isolate from the culture resulted in the identification of M. gypseum. However, PCR amplification of ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region and subsequent ITS-RFLP and sequencing were indicative of M. fulvum as the true causative agent. To recognize M. fulvum in …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an emerging pathogen among burn patients in Kurdistan Province, Iran.

This study was conducted to determine the incidence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections among burn patients at Tohid Hospital, Iran. A total of 176 clinical specimens were obtained from 145 burn patients admitted to the burn unit of Tohid Hospital to detect the presence of P. aeruginosa. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted to detect extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing P. aeruginiosa using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines with the double disc synergy test (DDST). A polymerase chain reaction was used to detect PER-1 and OXA-10 among the isolate…

Laboratory colonization of Lucilia sericata Meigen (Diptera: Caliphoridae) strain from Hashtgerd, Iran.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: The treatment of wounds with live green bottle fly larvae is receiving considerable attention in many countries. Laboratory rearing of Lucilia sericata is crucially important for the treatment of wounds. STUDY DESIGN: The study was carried out for mass rearing of green bottle flies from April to November 2010. Hand catch and net trap baited with beef and cattle liver were used to collect adult flies from the field. The collected samples were placed in appropriately labeled tubes and sent to the laboratory. Adult stage flies reared in the insectary were used for specie

Evaluation of orofacial lesions relating child abuse, Esfahan, Iran: A quantitative approach.

BACKGROUND: Family violence, including child abuse, neglect, and domestic violence, is a public health problem. The aim of this study was to provide data on prevalence and factors of Orofacial lesions relating child abuse in Iran to lend evidence to support preventing child abuse. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The overall approach was a case-note review of children having child abuse note, recording by personnel of social services. Research ethical approval was sought from the Central social service organization. This study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran (2011). RESULT: The mean age of children, wh…

Нозокомиальная инфекция геморрагической лихорадки Крымско-Конго в восточном Иране: сообщение.

Вспышка геморрагической лихорадки в Крымско-Конго произошла в округе Бирджанд на востоке Ирана в ноябре 2011 года. К этой вспышке были причастны четыре случая. Двое пациентов умерли после поступления в больницу, одна из которых была медсестрой, которая нозокомически приобрела инфекцию, а остальные получили успешное лечение.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
An outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever occurred in the county of Birjand in eastern Iran in November 2011. Four cases were involved in this outbreak. Two patients died after admission to hospital, one of whom was a nurse who acquired the infection nosocomially, and the others were treated successfully.

Identification and genetic variation of fasciola species from tabriz, north- Western iran.

BACKGROUND: Fascioliasis is considered as the most important helminthic infection of cattle and sheep. Traditional approaches using morphological and biologic characters cannot cause a certainty in the accurate and precise identification and intra-specific differences of Fasciola spp. In this study, we identified Fasciola species using ITS-1 marker and described genetic variation of each species of the parasite in isolates from Tabriz slaughterhouse in West Azerbaijan Province, north- western Iran. METHODS: Overall, 100 samples (50 from sheep and 50 from cattle) morphologically detected as Fa…

Biological activity of Prangos uloptera DC. roots, a medicinal plant from Iran.

Prangos uloptera DC. (Apiaceae) is indigenous to Iran. It has been used from ancient times for treatment of leukoplakia, digestive disorders and healing scars. In this article, we focus on the various biological screening techniques currently being used to evaluate the biological effects of the plant root extracts. Our results show that dichloromethane (DCM) extract exhibited high-cytotoxic effects on hela cell line, and high antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. All of the plant root extracts, n-hexane, DCM and methanol extracts, exhibited modest antiox…

Occupational exposure to body fluids among healthcare workers: a report from Iran.

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at substantial risk of acquiring blood-borne infections through contact with body fluids of patients. The main objectives of this study were to determine the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of the occupational exposures to body fluids. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2004 to June 2005 among HCWs from three University hospitals in Tehran, Iran, who had the potential for high risk exposures during the year preceding the study. RESULTS: Of 900 HCWs studied, 391 (43.4 percent) had at least one occupation…

(32)P colloid radiosynovectomy in treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis: Iran experience.

Repeated intra-articular bleeding with subsequent development of chronic synovitis and cartilage changes, leading to haemophilic arthropathy, is one the most debilitating problems in haemophilic patients. Radiosynovectomy is a familiar therapeutic choice in management of chronic synovitis in haemophilia. We report the treatments results of synoviorthesis with (32)P chromic phosphate with emphasis on clinical aspects. Between 2002 and 2006 we performed 66 procedures in 53 patients. Seven patients were excluded. The remaining 46 patients were followed for an average of 31 months. The mean age of

Beta-globin gene cluster haplotypes in sickle cell patients from southwest Iran.

Sickle cell anemia in Iran is accompanied by a high level of HbF and mild clinical presentation. Here we report haplotypes of the beta gene cluster found in 81 randomly selected sickle cell patients, including 47 sickle cell anemia (SS), 17 sickle cell trait (AS), and 17 sickle/thalassemia (S/thal) from southwest Iran. We found all five common typical haplotypes as well as five atypical haplotypes in our patients. Except for four patients with homozygous Benin haplotype, none of the other African typical haplotypes were found in a homozygous state. Arab-Indian was found to be the most prevalen…

Isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans from pigeon (Columbia livia droppings in northern Iran.

Nine hundred and eighty three specimens of pigeon droppings, collected in different regions of northern Iran, were examined. Of these samples, 175 (17.8%) were positive for Cryptococcus neoformans. All isolates obtained were C. neoformans var. neoformans. Most of these isolates of C. neoformans were from pigeon shelters. There were significant differences in isolation frequency between pigeon shelters and the other collection sites.

Patterns of drug use among secondary school children in post-revolutionary Iran.

A sample survey of 712 Iranian youths aged 14 - 18 years, attending secondary schools in the city of Isfahan, indicated that 11% had had experience of drug abuse. The most common pattern was the experimental use of opium, with a minority of users having also used hashish or heroin. No other drugs were reported, but a significant association between the use of opium and of cigarettes and, to a lesser extent, alcohol was observed. However, given a relatively early peak in initiation to opium smoking, it seems that the initiation to the use of cigarettes and alcohol is contemporary with, rather t…