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Impact of systemic sclerosis on outcomes of patients hospitalized for influenza: Evidence from the US nationwide inpatient sample.

BACKGROUND: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis and immune dysregulation, often involving pul … cal ventilation (aOR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.06-2.02). Smokers with SSc had a higher risk of shock, while non-smokers with SSc remained at elevated risk for secondary infections, bronchiectasis, and respiratory failure. CONCLUSIONS: SSc was associated with excess risks of severe in-hospital complications among influenza patients, particularly in older adults and s …

Modulation of oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial biogenesis by cigarette smoke influence the response to immune therapy in NSCLC patients.

The treatment regimen of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has drastically changed owing to the superior anti-cancer effects generated by t … s. We found that former and current smokers have a higher response rate to anti-PD-1 treatment than non-smokers. GSEA results revealed that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and mitochondrial related pathways are significantly enriched in both responders and smokers, suggesting a potential role of cellular metabolism in regulating immune response to ICB. We …

Hidradenitis suppurativa in paediatric patients: a retrospective monocentric study in Germany and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory, recurrent, debilitating skin disease of the hair follicle affecting ap … 14-16.5). The majority of the patients suffered from moderate disease were overweight or obese and non-smokers. The most common comorbid disorder was acne vulgaris. The systematic review revealed reports with data heterogeneity and lack of systematic documentation of specific demographic characteristics. Most paediatric patients were female, obese and non-sm …

Contraception and unexplained abdominal pain.

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that hospital referral for unexplained abdominal pain might occur less frequently in oral contraceptive (O … nuation. Referral was 29% (95% CI 11%-50%) higher in smokers of 15 or more cigarettes a day than in non-smokers. CONCLUSION: Referral to hospital for unexplained abdominal pain may be slightly reduced in current or recent OC users and moderately increased in past IUD users. The types of IUD used most commonly in the Oxford-FPA study are, however, no longer i …

Non-smoking, non-drinking, oral squamous cell carcinoma patients are a distinct and clinically significant group.

PURPOSE: Carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has long been associated with exposure to tobacco smoke and alcohol consumption. Some centres have reported that non-smoking non-drinking (NSND) patients represent a significant and increasing proportion of OSCC cases with reports of poorer outcomes. Demographic characteristics are variably reported for this group and carcinogenesis is not fully understood. We present the largest cohort study to date in this subject area and sought to better understand demographics and survival. METHODS: We interrogated 541 OSCC patients by retros

Воздействие табачного дыма на прогресс в борьбе с ВИЧ: фактор повышенного риска для развития нейроСПИДа и сопутствующих ему расстройств.

AIM: С появлением высокоактивной и комбинированной антиретровирусной терапии существенно возросла продолжительность жизни пациентов, инфицированных вирусом иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ). Однако это привело к резкому контрасту с распространением нескольких «синдрома приобретенного иммунодефицита (СПИД), таких как нейроСПИД, который выявляет группу неврологических расстройств, вызванных главным образом ВИЧ-медицинским повреждением центральной и периферической нервной систем. С учетом истощенного иммунного состояния пациентов использование и злоупотребление такими лекарственными и наркозависимыми

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
AIM: With the advent of highly active and combination antiretroviral therapy have substantially increased the life expectancy of patients in … m and smokers per se are more susceptible to viral and bacterial inflammatory neuropathologies than non-smokers, it is conceivable that tobacco smoking as a risk factor for the progression of HIV into NeuroAIDS and related neurological impairments. CONCLUSION: Tobacco smoke (TS) may bring about a synergistic effect in the context of persistent inflammatory s …

The relationship between tobacco use, substance-use disorders and mental health: results from the National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being.

AIMS: To examine comorbidity between tobacco use, substance-use disorders and mental health problems among Australian adults aged 18 years a … to screen positively for psychosis and reported greater psychological distress and disability than non-smokers and never smokers. These higher rates of other problems were not explained by differences in demographic characteristics, neuroticism scores, or by other drug use. Former smokers did not have higher rates of affective or anxiety disorders; however, …

Pleural plaques and lung function in construction workers exposed to asbestos.

Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function have been evaluated in construction workers exposed to asbestos and in control subjects. Group I … ll three groups. The difference in CV, MEF50, and MEF25 was greater between exposed and non-exposed non-smokers than between exposed and non-exposed smokers. No significant differences were noticed between those in group II and the control group III. The findings indicate that asbestos exposure whcih elicits pleural plaques, may cause pulmonary dysfunction, r …

[Determination of tobacco mosaic viruses and tar carcinogens using electromagnetic resonance in smokers].

Distance monitoring of viral diseases in the zone of MHz frequencies makes rapid non-contact investigation of the presence of tobacco mosaic viruses (VTM) in cigarettes and secretions of smokers possible by using electromagnetic resonance. The incidence of VTM in common cigarettes was assessed as well as in several smokers, in dermatitis, arthralgias and in tumours (of the large intestiner, in mastopathy). Also in neuritis of the optic nerve, in suspected sclerosis multiplex of smokers. After sanation of VTM by resonance therapy with Sanator (Bradna AO 272,361) VTM disappeared as well as sympt

Assessing the Evidence on the Differential Impact of Menthol versus Non-menthol Cigarette Use on Smoking Dependence in the US Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Menthol's effect on cigarette smoking behaviors is an intensely scrutinized US public health issue. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the question: Does menthol cigarette use have a differential impact on smoking dependence compared with non-menthol cigarette use? Methods: We consulted 6 databases from inception to October 15, 2021. We included articles comparing menthol versus non-menthol cigarette smokers against predefined smoking dependence outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the AHRQ Evidence-Based Practice Center approach. We applied a random-effects mod

Eating behaviors and nutritional habits among young adults using electronic nicotine delivery systems in a multinational cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use is rising among young adults in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. … : 1.74, 20.56; p = 0.005), and fizzy drinks (AOR: 7.23; 95% CI: 2.06, 25.31; p = 0.002) compared to non-smokers. ENDS-only users showed significant associations with emotional overeating (β: 0.093; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.186; p = 0.048), increased satiety responsiveness (β: 0.179; 95% CI: 0.084, 0.273; p < 0.001), and reduced enjoyment of food (β: -0.364; 95% CI: - …

Weight Status Modulated Brain Regional Homogeneity in Long-Term Male Smokers.

BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking and being overweight could lead to adverse health effects, which remain an important public health problem worldwide. Research indicates that overlapping pathophysiology may contribute to tobacco addiction and being overweight, but the neurobiological interaction mechanism between the two factors is still unclear. METHODS: The current study used a mixed sample design, including the following four groups: (i) overweight long-term smokers (n = 24); (ii) normal-weight smokers (n = 28); (iii) overweight non-smokers (n = 19), and (iv) normal-weight non-smokers (n = 28),…

Phospho-p38 MAPK expression in COPD patients and asthmatics and in challenged bronchial epithelium.

BACKGROUND: The role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in regulating the inflammatory response in the airways of patients with chr … mild/moderate (n = 17), severe/very severe (n = 16) stable COPD, control smokers (n = 16), control non-smokers (n = 9), in mild asthma (n = 9) and in peripheral airways from COPD patients (n = 15) and control smokers (n = 15). Interleukin (IL)-8 and MAPK mRNA was measured in stimulated 16HBE cells. RESULTS: No significant differences in p-p38 MAPK, p-JNK or …

Measuring whole-body neutrophil redistribution using a dedicated whole-body counter and ultra-low doses of 111Indium.

BACKGROUND: There is increasing interest in the 'homing' of neutrophils to bone marrow. The aim of this study was to measure the whole-body redistribution of (111) In using a whole-body counter following the administration of ultra-small activities of (111) In-labelled neutrophils. METHODS: The detectors of a dedicated whole-body counter were fitted with lead collimators. Whole-body (111) In distribution was recorded at 45 min, 24 h, and 2, 4, 7 and 10 days after administration of (111) In-labelled neutrophils (0·29-0·74 MBq) in eight healthy non-smokers, five healthy smokers, eight patients …

Helicobacter pylori, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and smoking in risk pattern of gastroduodenal ulcers.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori, NSAID and cigarette smoking are major risk factors for gastroduodenal ulcers. However, the results of studi … d gastroduodenal ulcers. The H. pylori prevalence was significantly higher in smokers (76%) than in non-smokers (67%) and the ulcer risk was also significantly higher in smokers than in non-smokers. About 20% of ulcers were 'idiopathic', i.e. without NSAID and H. pylori and the ratio of these ulcers to all ulcers significantly increased during the 5 years of …

The effect of cigarette smoke on adherence of respiratory pathogens to buccal epithelial cells.

Smoking is associated with an increased risk of respiratory tract infection in adults. In children, exposure to cigarette smoke is a risk fa … receptors. For each species, binding to cells of smokers was significantly higher than to cells of non-smokers; however, expression of host cell antigens was similar on epithelial cells of both groups. Non-dilute cigarette smoke extract reduced binding of bacteria to epithelial cells, but dilutions between 1 in 10 and 1 in 320 enhanced binding. We conclude t …

A pilot study testing the association between N-acetyltransferases 1 and 2 and risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Japanese people.

Risk of oral cancer has been associated with exposure to tobacco smoke, alcohol and with genetic predisposition. The aromatic amines and the … signal. Stratifying by smoking status we found odds ratios of 5.9 (95% CI 1.13-30.6; P < 0.05) for non-smokers with the NAT1*10 allele and 3.1 (95% CI 1.09-9.07; P < 0.05) for smokers, but these risks were not significantly different from each other. Thus, we did not observe that NAT1*10 alleles confer differential risk among smokers and non-smokers. NAT2 ra …

Diurnal blood pressure profile in older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. The SYST-EUR Investigators.

This study describes the diurnal blood pressure (BP) profile and identifies its correlates in older patients with isolated systolic hyperten … mm Hg for each 10 year increment in age and was also 10 mm Hg higher (P < 0.001) in smokers than in non-smokers; the 24 h DBP was 2 mm Hg higher (P < 0.05) in men than in women and decreased (P < 0.05) by 1.5 mm Hg for each 10 year increment in age. The day-night difference in SBP increased with 2 mm Hg for each 10 mm Hg increase in the conventional pressure, …

Antacid maintenance therapy in the prevention of duodenal ulcer relapse.

The effectiveness of antacid maintenance therapy in preventing duodenal ulcer (DU) relapse was investigated. Two hundred and fifty one asymptomatic patients with healed DU were stratified into smokers and non-smokers and randomised to receive for one year either placebo, or Maalox TC three tablets (81 mmol) at bedtime (hs), or Maalox TC three tablets in the morning plus three tablets at bedtime (bd) (162 mmol), or cimetidine 400 mg at bedtime. A double dummy technique was used to render the study double blind. In 176 patients evaluable for efficacy, the cumulative relapse at one year was: plac…

Association of smoking with myocardial injury and clinical outcome in patients undergoing mechanical reperfusion for ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

AIMS: There is evidence suggesting a positive effect of cigarette smoking on myocardial tissue reperfusion and clinical outcomes in patients … vs. 0 (0-1.6) %LV, P = 0.91], or in the frequency of IMH (42 vs. 39%, P = 0.58) between smokers and non-smokers. Smokers had lower MACE (3.8 vs. 8.2%, P = 0.01) rates. However, adjustment for differences in baseline risk factors attenuated the association of smoking with MACE markedly (hazard ratio = 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.36-1.38, P = 0.31). CONCLU …