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Reversal of clinical resistance to LHRH analogue in metastatic prostate cancer by the pineal hormone melatonin: efficacy of LHRH analogue plus melatonin in patients progressing on LHRH analogue alone.

OBJECTIVE: Experimental and preliminary clinical studies have suggested that the pineal hormone melatonin (MLT) may stimulate hormone receptor expression on both normal and cancer cells. Moreover, MLT has appeared to inhibit the growth of some cancer cell lines, including prostate cancer, either by exerting a direct cytostatic action, or by decreasing the endogenous production of some tumor growth factors, such as prolactin (PRL) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). On this basis, a study was carried out to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a neuroendocrine combination consisting of the L…

Correction: Comparison between melatonin versus melatonin and photobiomodulation versus photobiomodulation in the treatment of Alopecia X in German Spitz dogs: Clinical, randomized, double-blind, parallel, non-inferiority protocol.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304605.].

Endogenous melatonin predicts efficacy of exogenous melatonin in consolidation of fragmented wrist-activity rhythm of adult patients with developmental brain disorders: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

OBJECTIVE: : We studied whether the endogenous melatonin patterns in adult patients with developmental brain disorders have any role in response to exogenous melatonin given as a sleep-promoting medicine. METHODS: : Participants included 15 adults (18-60 years, five females) with developmental brain disorders of varying etiologies, motor handicaps, and long-term history of sleep problems. According to the 24-h patterns of serum melatonin, patients were divided into two subgroups: lower and higher secretors. The pretreatment sleep disorder was characterized by a structured interview, 24-h ambu…

A cost-effectiveness analysis of melatonin in comparison with midazolam for anxiety prior to general anaesthesia in children: the MAGIC randomised controlled trial (melatonin for anxiety prior to general anaesthesia in children).

BACKGROUND: To date no study has looked at the cost-effectiveness of melatonin for anxiety prior to general anaesthetic in children or young people. The aim of the health economic analysis was to evaluate the within trial cost-effectiveness of melatonin for anxiety in children compared to usual care (midazolam) prior to general anaesthesia in children from an NHS and Personal Social Services perspective. METHODS: The economic evaluation was undertaken alongside a multicentre randomised controlled trial (MAGIC). Children were individually randomised to receive either melatonin or midazolam for …

Low-dose exogenous melatonin plus evening dim light and time in bed scheduling advances circadian phase irrespective of measured or estimated dim light melatonin onset time: preliminary findings.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to preliminarily evaluate whether knowing the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) time is advantageous when treating delayed sleep-wake phase disorder with low-dose melatonin treatment plus behavioral interventions (ie, evening dim light and time in bed scheduling). METHODS: In this randomized, controlled, double-blind trial, 40 adults with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder were randomly assigned to 4 weeks of 0.5 mg timed to be administered either 3 hours before the DLMO (measured DLMO group, n = 20) or 5 hours before sleep-onset time per a…

Melatonin nanoemulgel for dermal applications: from formulation to in vivo imaging validation.

Radiation-induced dermatitis is a prevalent side effect of radiotherapy worldwide. Conventional treatment strategies often fall short of achieving optimal therapeutic efficacy, primarily due to inadequate retention on the skin surface. This limitation has motivated research to find new nanotechnology-based treatment approaches to enhance therapeutic outcomes. Nanoformulations have emerged as a promising solution, offering improved therapeutic outcomes. In this study, authors investigated a combination therapy consisting of melatonin (MLT), vitamin E (VE), and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). MLT is a …

Effect of melatonin on seed germination of Cichorium glandulosum under drought stress.

Cichorium glandulosum, a valuable medicinal herb in Uyghur traditional medicine, mainly reproduces via seeds. Drought stress severely restricts its seed germination and threatens yield stability in the major growing areas. Although melatonin is known to protect seeds against drought in many crops, its roles in this medicinal species remain unclear. In this study, seed priming with 200 μM melatonin was applied to alleviate the adverse effects of drought simulated by 10% PEG-6000, followed by physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses. Melatonin significantly improved seed germinati…

Efficacy of clonidine and melatonin for treating insomnia in anxious children: a randomized comparison.

BACKGROUND: Clonidine and melatonin are two medications that are used off-label in the management of sleep disorders in children. However, there is currently no well-established and effective treatment for sleep disturbances among pediatric patients with anxiety disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 72 children aged 6 to 12 years diagnosed with anxiety disorders and suffering from insomnia who attended the Farshchian Hospital Clinic in Hamadan between October 2022 and July 2023 were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned, using simple randomization, into three groups of 24 ea…

Physiological Implications of Pancreatic Amyloid Polypeptide Aggregation and Its Inhibition by Melatonin.

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is characterized by the toxic aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP or amylin) within pancreatic β-cells. IAPP is also a neuropancreatic hormone that plays a significant role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by co-depositing with amyloid-beta (Aβ) and Tau, supporting the Type 3 Diabetes (T3D) hypothesis. Soluble IAPP accelerates Aβ aggregation through cross-seeding and causes neurotoxicity by impairing the blood-brain barrier and activating neuroinflammation. Melatonin inhibits these processes by disrupting hydrophobic interactions in both hIAPP and Aβ, prevent…

From Oxidative Stress to Pain Modulation With Melatonin in Neonatal and Pediatric Care.

PURPOSE: Pain and oxidative stress represent critical and frequently underrecognized challenges in neonatal and pediatric care. Their synergistic interaction may adversely affect neurodevelopmental outcomes and long-term quality of life. Melatonin, a neurohormone with well-established antioxidant properties, has also demonstrated analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, making it an attractive therapeutic candidate in this vulnerable population. This narrative review critically evaluates the available preclinical and clinical evidence on the analgesic role of melatonin in neonates and children…

Physiological and transcriptomic responses of Ginkgo biloba to salt stress and exogenous melatonin.

INTRODUCTION: Soil salinization constrains plant growth, and enhancing salt tolerance is of great significance. METHODS: Here, Ginkgo biloba seedlings were treated with control (CK), salt stress (S), or salt stress + melatonin (S+M). Integrating physiology, transcriptomics, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we explored how melatonin enhances salt tolerance. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Salt stress reduced chlorophyll content, suggesting potential impairment of photosynthetic capacity, appeared to increase membrane lipid peroxidation, and led to substantial proline accumula…

Melatonin as a Supportive Biomarker in Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis: A Prospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) remains a diagnostic challenge because clinical signs are nonspecific and blood cultures, although the diagnostic gold standard may yield false-negative results due to low blood volumes or maternal antibiotic exposure. PURPOSE: To determine whether serum melatonin levels differ between term neonates with clinically suspected EOS and healthy controls, and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of melatonin relative to standard inflammatory markers. METHODS: This prospective case-control study included 84 term infants: 42 with clinically suspected …

The Influence of Maternal Melatonin on Embryo Implantation: A Crucial Factor in Reproductive Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: This review aimed to investigate the effect of melatonin on the maternal side of the implantation process. Additionally, reproductive factors involved in changing melatonin levels and vice versa, will also be discussed. METHODS: The authors collected the relevant articles published until 2024 and these are carefully selected from PubMed, Embase, Google scholar databases on the basis of related keywords. RESULTS: Melatonin could improve the endometrial receptivity and has been shown to act directly on several reproductive events, including folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, and …

Impact of delisting melatonin from a health-system formulary on psychotropic utilization.

ObjectiveTo characterize the trends of psychotropic utilization before and after the formulary removal of melatonin in Alberta, Canada.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective drug utilization review of patients admitted to inpatient, long-term care, and pediatric units who received psychotropics for insomnia treatment. Utilization patterns were compared between two periods; pre-removal: January to December 2023 and post-removal: October 2024 to March 2025. Data were analyzed using defined daily dose per 1000 patient-days (DDD/1000PD).ResultsA total of 101 pre-removal and 115 post-removal sites wer…

Melatonin effects on the left ventricular function in neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of melatonin on the left ventricular (LV) function in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) and to assess its potential role in enhancing cardiac performance and reducing oxidative stress. This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 80 neonates (≥ 36 weeks' gestational age) with PPHN confirmed by echocardiography (Echo). Participants were assigned to receive standard therapy alone or in combination with oral melatonin. LV function was evaluated using echocardiographic parameters, and levels of serum biomark…

Качество сна и сон у взрослых с множественной миеломой. Возможно ли лечение мелатонина?

Нездоровые сны оказывают значительное воздействие на качество жизни больных раком, однако они по-прежнему плохо характеризуются множественной миеломой (ММ). Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы охарактеризовать профили сна у пациентов из числа ММ и оценить терапевтический потенциал внешнего мелатонина. Мы оценили 46 Пациенты ММ и 64 :: возрастной контроль с использованием индекса качества сна Питтсбурга (PSQI) и шкалы сна Epworth (ESS). Данные показали значительно более низкое качество сна у пациентов с ОМ по сравнению с контрольными показателями (глобальная PSQI: U = 1126; p = 0.034)

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Sleep disturbances significantly impact quality of life in cancer patients, yet remain poorly characterized in multiple myeloma (MM). This observational study aimed to characterize sleep profiles in MM patients and evaluate the therapeutic potential of exogenous melatonin. We assessed 46 MM patients and 64 age-matched controls using the Pittsburgh Sleep Qual…

Melatonin in Pregnancy-Related Disorders: A Review of Protective Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), classically known as a pineal neurohormone regulating circadian rhythms, has emerged as a critical pleiotropic molecule in reproductive physiology. Beyond its role in establishing circadian entrainment, it acts as a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent, and mitochondrial function modulator. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the multifaceted roles of melatonin in normal pregnancy and its pathophysiological implications in major gestational disorders, including preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), gestational diabetes mell…

Melatonin in Circadian Rhythm and Brain Health: Neuroprotective Effects and Therapeutic Potential.

Melatonin is an indole-like hormone secreted by the pineal gland. It regulates circadian rhythms and exerts antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, tumor-suppressing, and sleep-improving effects. With global population aging, neurodegenerative diseases have gained public attention. Melatonin has been increasingly studied for brain diseases. This review synthesizes evidence on melatonin in circadian rhythm regulation, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, depression, insomnia, brain aging and dietary applications. We critically evaluate st…