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Cu/TiO2 nanoparticles: Enhancing microbial fuel cell performance as photocathode catalysts.

This study explores Cu/TiO2 nanoparticles as photocathode catalysts to enhance microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance. Cu/TiO2 samples with 1-4 wt% Cu loading were synthesized via low-temperature calcination and characterized for their optical, electrochemical, and photocatalytic properties. The 2 wt% Cu/TiO2 exhibited optimal performance, with a specific surface area 2.6 times larger than pure TiO2 and 26 % higher photocatalytic degradation efficiency of methyl orange (MO). When applied in photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (Photo-MFC), the 2 wt% Cu/TiO2/SSWM achieved an open-circuit voltage o…

Glucose-functionalized gold nanoparticles for effective photothermal therapy in lung cancer.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely due to late-stage diagnoses that severely limit therapeutic interventions. In this context, nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising and minimally toxic modality for solid tumors. We synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with three distinct morphologies-spheres, rods, and stars-and functionalized them with polyethylene glycol (AuNPs-PEG) or polyethylene glycol conjugated with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (AuNPs-Gluc). In vitro analyses using human (A549, H1299) and murine (LLC) lung ca…

Customizable mRNA Lipid Nanoparticles for Transfection of Primary Human T Cells.

A central goal of genetic therapies, including RNA-based medicines, is to develop vectors that enable clinical translation for the treatment of specific cell types. T cells provide a unique opportunity for genetic medicines, particularly in their relevance to CAR-T cell therapies, autoimmune diseases, and vaccines. However, T cells are notoriously difficult to transfect, and many RNA delivery vectors are designed with model systems that may not reflect true T cell morphology, compounding the difficulty in isolating trends in particle properties that promote efficacy. Here, we use primary human

Kinetically Controlled Morphologies of Magnetic Nanoparticles through Ligand and Precursor Chemistry.

Kinetically controlled morphologies of colloidal magnetic nanoparticles possess unique magnetic properties, making them highly promising for applications in magnetogenetics as magnetic torque probes. Yet, their size-controlled chemical synthesis is in its nascent state. Here, we present a capping-ligand-directed approach to tune the morphology and magnetic properties of Co x Zn y Fe3‑(x+y)O4 nanoparticles by adding sodium oleate as a cocapping ligand to oleic acid during synthesis, resulting in the formation of monodisperse tetrahedral nanoparticles. Increasing the molar ratio of sodium oleate…

Nanocluster reaction-driven in situ transformation of colloidal nanoparticles to mesostructures.

Atomically precise noble metal nanoclusters (NCs) are molecular materials known for their precise composition, electronic structure, and unique optical properties, exhibiting chemical reactivity. Herein, we demonstrated a simple one-pot method for fabricating self-assembled Ag-Au bimetallic mesostructures using a reaction between 2-phenylethanethiol (PET)-protected atomically precise gold NCs and colloidal silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in a tunable reaction microenvironment. The reaction carried out in toluene at 45 °C with constant stirring at 250 revolutions per minute (RPM) yielded a therma…

Comparative study on ZnSe nanoparticles and biosurfactant for enhanced anthracene biodegradation.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as anthracene persist in the ecosystem due to their low solubility, toxicity, and resistance to microbial attack, posing serious environmental and health risks. Current remediation approaches are often limited by poor degradation efficiency and incomplete mineralization. Here, we present a nano bioremediation strategy that couples Zinc Selenium (ZnSe) nanoparticles with biosurfactant-assisted microbial degradation to enhance anthracene removal. In this study, enrichment culture technique was performed to isolate potential strains, and it was identif…

Immunomodulatory intraperitoneal chemotherapy with DACHPt-loaded biomaterial nanoparticles in colorectal carcinomatosis.

Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosolized chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of colorectal cancer-derived peritoneal carcinomatosis (CRC-PC) because of the possibility to spread high concentration of drugs throughout the entire peritoneal cavity while limiting the systemic side effects. However, PIPAC effectiveness is hampered by rapid drug clearance from the peritoneal cavity and poor drug specificity towards tumor nodules. This study employed diaminocyclohexane platinum-loaded hyaluronic acid-polyarginine nanoparticles (DACHPt NPs) for pressurized locoregi…

Amphiphilic albumin-based nanoparticles designed for the efficient delivery of taxanes.

In cancer chemotherapy, taxanes such as Paclitaxel (PTX), Docetaxel (DTX), and Cabazitaxel (CTX) play a pivotal role but often require surfactants and solvents for solubilization, which cause adverse effects. Plain human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles, such as Abraxane, utilize nab technology, which is not universally applicable to all taxanes, limiting its applicability. To address this limitation, this study introduces a novel HSA-PLA nanoparticle platform, designed to universally enhance the delivery of taxanes. This nanoplatform utilizes a thiol-maleimide reaction to form core-shell str…

Curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles: a promising approach to liver fibrosis prevention.

BACKGROUND: Liver fibrosis is a progressive pathological condition that results from chronic liver injuries, including viral infections, alcohol abuse, and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. Although curcumin, a polyphenolic compound from turmeric, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, its clinical utility is limited by poor solubility and low bioavailability. To address this, chitosan-based curcumin nanoparticles (CUR-CS NPs) have been developed to enhance curcumin’s therapeutic potential. METHODS: CUR–CS NPs were synthesized by ionic gelation and characterized …

Macrophage Responses to Multicore Encapsulated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy.

Macrophages are the primary cells responsible for nanoparticle processing and mediating host immunological biological outcomes. Their cellular response to nanoparticles is a vital constituent in the safety assessment of new designs for clinical application. An approach for the treatment of solid tumors was developed, based on magnetic hyperthermia, consisting of iron oxide multicore encapsulated nanoparticles named Sarah nanoparticles (SaNPs), and alternating magnetic field irradiation. SaNPs are intravenously injected, accumulate in the liver, spleen and in tumor tissue, where they are passiv…

All-In-One Magnetic Nanoparticles for Thermo-Immunotherapy of Malignant Melanoma.

Hyperthermia using magnetic nanoparticles is a promising cancer therapy that locally destroys tumors and induces antitumor immunity by releasing tumor antigens from dying cells. However, magnetic hyperthermia in malignant melanomas with poor immunogenicity and an immunosuppressive microenvironment remains challenging. Here, all-in-one magnetic nanoparticles (αPD-L1/CpG@MCL) are developed for thermo-immunotherapy that enables hyperthermia with magnetic nanoparticles and immunotherapy with anti-PD-L1 antibody and CpG to improve the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Magnetic hyperthermia …

Excipient nanoparticles as cancer therapeutics: Mechanistic actions, delivery and manufacturing perspectives.

Excipients, conventionally defined as inactive additives, are potential anti-cancer therapeutics at nanoscale against various cancers. This mini-review highlighted nano-excipient potential as anti-cancer therapeutic based on recent literature (2022-2025). Metal/metal oxide nanoparticles stimulate reactive oxygen species production that promotes oxidative damage of cancer cells. Excipient nanoparticles formulating with chitosan/guar gum/arabic gum/pectin/kaolin/peptide additive trigger apoptosis and regulate metastasis. Delivery specificity of excipient nanoparticles can be promoted using targe…

Development of NIR photocleavable nanoparticles with BDNF for vestibular neuron regeneration.

Among nanoparticle platforms, light or photoresponsive nanoparticles have emerged as a promising drug delivery strategy with spatiotemporal control while minimizing off-target effects. The characteristic absorption spectrum of the photoresponsive moiety dictates the wavelength of light needed to activate bond cleavage. However, the low tissue penetration depth limit and short-wavelength ultraviolet (UV) cellular toxicity are considered disadvantageous. This study developed a vestibular ganglion neuron organoid as a model for vestibulopathy. UV and near-infrared (NIR) radiation targeted the inn…

Engineered biomembrane-camouflaged nanoparticles: Promising strategies to treat inflammatory skeletal diseases.

Inflammatory skeletal diseases often result in significant pain and deformities of bone and the surrounding joint tissues, which subsequently cause disorders of immune regulation and calcium‑phosphorus metabolism, greatly impacting patients' quality of life. The precision of drug delivery in inflammatory skeletal diseases is usually limited. Traditional therapies for these conditions require high doses, offer limited efficacy, and frequently lead to side effects that compromise healthy tissues, particularly with prolonged use. Addressing these limitations, biomembrane-camouflaged nanoparticles…

Multifunctional Plumeria rubra nanoparticles: Antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Novel natural nanomaterials are extensively investigated nowadays due to their potential biological activities and low toxicity. In the present investigation, polyvinyl alcohol was used as a green reducing agent to synthesize Plumeria rubra nanoparticles. Plumeria rubra flowers were collected and extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus and examined through gas and liquid chromatography which revealed the presence of palmitic acid, linoleic acid, N-(O-Nitrophenylthio)-l-leucine, plumieridin B, lupeol, and rutin. The antimicrobial activity of the flower extract showed MIC values between 15.6 and 250…

New therapeutic insights of marine derived alginate nanoparticles on experimental giardiasis.

Giardiasis, caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia, is a prevailing gastrointestinal infection with significant global health implications. Traditional treatments, primarily based on nitroimidazole derivatives, often face challenges such as drug resistance and adverse side effects. This study explores the use of alginate nanoparticles (Alg-NPs) as a novel therapy against experimental giardiasis. Treating Giardia-infected mice with Alg-NPs resulted in a significant reduction in the parasite load up to 88.2 % and 92.7 % in trophozoite and cyst counts, respectively. Ultrastructurally, t…

High sensitivity tapered fiber refractive index biosensor using hollow gold nanoparticles.

A localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor based on tapered optical fiber (TOF) using hollow gold nanoparticles (HAuNPs) for measuring the refractive index (RI) is presented. This optical fiber sensor is a good candidate for a label-free RI biosensor. In practical biosensors, bioreceptors are immobilized on nanoparticles (NPs) that only absorb specific biomolecules. The binding of these biomolecules to the receptors changes the local RI around the sensor and this change is detected by the transmittance spectrum of the fiber. Fast, accurate, easy and low-cost disease diagnosis are the …

Nanobody conjugated with dendrimer nanoparticles effectively neutralizes tick-borne encephalitis virus.

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a neurotropic flavivirus causing severe meningitis, encephalitis, or meningoencephalitis. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents therapeutic agents from reaching the brain; therefore, specific antiviral therapy that can cross the BBB and treat TBEV-induced infection is urgently needed. In this study, nanobodies (NBs) targeting domain III (DIII) of the envelope (E) glycoprotein of TBEV were developed and conjugated to drug delivery nanosystems based on self-assembling dendrimer nanomicelles (DNs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNs) to facilitate BBB passage and…

Microfluidics-Assisted Formulation of Polymeric Oxytocin Nanoparticles for Targeted Brain Delivery.

Background: The neuropeptide oxytocin has been identified as a potential therapeutic molecule. However, the therapeutic potential of this molecule is limited due to the challenges faced in oxytocin delivery to the brain. Scientific innovation has led to the breakthrough discovery of many modalities to encapsulate molecules for targeted drug delivery, which can enhance oxytocin delivery to the brain. This research aimed to explore a microfluidics-based system that optimizes the formulation of cross-linked bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles encapsulating oxytocin. Methods: First, the formu…

Иммуномодулирующие естественные наночастицы на основе полисакарида для лечения нейродегенеративных заболеваний.

Наночастицы, основанные на полисакариде, обладают значительным потенциалом для лечения нейродегенеративных заболеваний и модуляции подстрекательских реакций в центральной нервной системе. Эти биополимеры, получаемые из природных источников, обладают иммуномодуляционными свойствами, которые могут использоваться для регулирования иммунной активности, позиционируя их в качестве перспективных кандидатов как для профилактических, так и терапевтических стратегий. Кроме того, в случае интеграции с другими материалами полисачариды образуют нанокомпозиты с улучшенными структурными, физико-химическими и

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Polysaccharide-based nanoparticles offer significant potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and the modulation of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. These biopolymers, when derived from natural sources, possess inherent immunomodulatory properties, which can be leveraged to regulate immune activity, positioning them as p…