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Trajectory of long-term neuropsychological performances and cognitive-deterioration-free survival after hippocampus-sparing whole-brain radiotherapy in cancer patients mostly with newly diagnosed brain oligometastases.

Neurocognitive functions (NCFs) might change after conventional whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). The technique of hippocampus sparing during … longitudinal neuropsychological outcomes, there was a considerable time trend toward maintenance in verbal learning immediate memory [odds ratio, 1.112, 95% confidence interval, 1.08 - 1.15], which persisted even after adjusting for the most independent predictor (baseline NCF scores). Functional preservation of longitudinal multidomain neuropsychological perform …

Cognition in Pediatric Chiari Malformation Type 1 Before and After Posterior Fossa Decompression.

OBJECTIVE: Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1) is a condition that affects the hindbrain. The diagnosis is based on the radiologic finding of a … Scales of Intelligence in Children, fifth edition (WISC-V), Boston Naming Test (BNT), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), verbal fluency test (FAS), and Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT). Results from preoperative and postoperative tests were compared. RESULTS: All presurgical results, except for picture naming, were within the average range. However, signi …

Silent victims: risk factors associated with school violence in Peruvian adolescents.

INTRODUCTION: School violence is a global and complex problem. OBJECTIVE: Identify the types of school violence and their associated factors in Peruvian adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. Two self-administered instruments were administered to 253 adolescents selected through stratified random sampling from the first to fifth grade of secondary school at a Peruvian public institution in 2024. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with school violence. RESULTS: Verbal violence (63.24%) and ps

Время 25-foot Проходное испытание независимо связано с когнитивной функцией при множественном склерозе: перекрестное исследование.

У людей с множественным склерозом (PwMS) широко распространено когнитивное расстройство (CI), что существенно влияет на качество их жизни и функциональные возможности. В то время как связь между функцией CI и моторной функцией была изучена при здоровом старении и других неврологических условиях, ее связь с функцией верхних и нижних моторных функций в PwMS остается недостаточно изученной. МЕТОДЫ: В настоящем перекрестном исследовании анализируются данные, полученные с помощью 125 PwMS (Mage: 37.6 - средняя продолжительность болезни: 8 годы) для изучения когнитивных результатов. Когнитивное сост

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment (CI) is prevalent among people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), significantly affecting their quality of lif … outcomes. Cognitive status was evaluated using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R). Motor function was assessed with the 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test (T25FW). Hierarchical regression models identified significant predictor …

Neuropsychological Performance in Alzheimer's Disease versus Late-Life Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Despite decades of research, neuropsychological tests (NPTs) that clearly differentiate between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and late … ization. Specific NPTs that appear to be useful for differential diagnosis include the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Delayed Recognition; Boston Naming Test; the Dementia Rating Scale's memory, conceptualization, and construction subscales; and the CERAD Constructional Praxis. CONCLUSIONS: The NPTs highlighted in this systematic review could be used as a rel …

Computerized working memory training in males with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A single case experimental design study.

Learning disabilities (LDs) and working memory problems (WM) are common brain-related comorbidities in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Despite growing evidence on the efficacy of computerized WM training in children with LDs, research in DMD is lacking. This exploratory study assessed whether training (1) improves dystrophin-associated WM problems in DMD, (2) effects are present at post-intervention, 3 and 8 months follow-up, and (3) improves problems that arise from their LDs. A single case non-concurrent multiple baseline across patients design evaluated the target behaviour i.e. parental

Cognitive Functions Associated with Brain Imaging Markers in Patients with Psoriasis.

UNLABELLED: Psoriasis is a severe inflammatory disease associated with a higher comorbidity of depression, cognitive dysfunction and brain a … including a Trail Making Test (TMT) as well as Digit Span, Stroop, Verbal Fluency and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning tests. MRI scans were performed using a 1.5 T scanner. Brain volumetry, white matter lesions, grey matter and white matter were evaluated. The extent of these changes was assessed on the Fazekas scale. The differences between groups were evaluated u …

History of learning disorders is associated with worse cognitive and functional outcomes in schizophrenia: results from the multicentric FACE-SZ cross-sectional dataset.

Schizophrenia is associated with early neurodevelopmental disorders, including most frequently learning disorders (LD), among them dyslexia and dyspraxia. Despite the demonstrated links between schizophrenia and LD, specific clinical patterns of the schizophrenia with a history of LD subgroup remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate cognitive impairment, symptoms and functional outcome associated with a history of LD in a large cross-sectional, multicentric, sample of schizophrenia subjects. 492 community-dwelling subjects with schizophrenia (75.6% male, mean age 30.8 ye

A Breastfeeding Relaxation Intervention Promotes Growth in Late Preterm and Early Term Infants: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Breastfeeding involves signaling between mother and offspring through biological (breast milk) and behavioral pathways. This study tested th … reduction in cortisol (effect size: -0.08 ug/dL, 95% CI -0.15, -0.01; p = 0.03) and better maternal verbal learning score (effect size: 1.1 words, 95% CI 0.04, 2.1; p = 0.04) than CG mothers, but did not differ in stress scores. A simple relaxation intervention during breastfeeding could be beneficial in promoting growth of late preterm and early term infants. Fu …

Younger age and early puberty are associated with cognitive function decline in children with Cushing disease.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of hypercortisolism on the developing brain we performed clinical, cognitive, and psychological evaluation of children with Cushing disease (CD) at diagnosis and 1 year after remission. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study of 41 children with CD. Children completed diverse sets of cognitive measures before and 1 year after remission. Neuropsychological evaluation included the Wechsler Intelligence Scale, California Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test, the combined subset scores of Wide Range Achievement Test and Woodcock-Johnson Psychoeducational Battery Te…

Relationship between Cognitive and Sleep-wake Variables in Asymptomatic Offspring of Patients with Late-onset Alzheimer's Disease.

Early neuropathological changes characteristic of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) involve brain stem and limbic structures that regula … xpectedly, O-LOAD displayed subtle but significant deficits in verbal episodic memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test delayed recall 10.6 ± 0.4 vs. 8.6 ± 0.6, t = 4.97, df = 49, p < 0.01) and language (Weschler's vocabulary 51.4 ± 1.3 vs. 44.3 ± 1.5, t = 2.49, df = 49, p < 0.001) compared to CS, even though all participants had results within the clinically no …

The effect of the muscarinic M1 receptor antagonist biperiden on cognition in medication free subjects with psychosis.

The acetylcholine muscarinic M1 receptor has been implicated in both psychosis and cognition. Post-mortem research has shown reduced muscarinic M1 receptor density in 25% of chronic patients with schizophrenia. It is unknown whether reduced M1 receptor density is related to cognitive symptoms of psychosis. We investigated the role of the M1 receptor in separate cognitive domains in subjects with a psychotic disorder using a muscarinic M1 antagonist as an acute pharmacological challenge. 33 young subjects with a psychotic disorder and 30 gender, age and IQ matched healthy controls were enrolled

Neuropsychological profile of psychogenic jerky movement disorders: importance of evaluating non-credible cognitive performance and psychopathology.

BACKGROUND: Psychogenic movement disorders are disorders of movements that cannot be explained by a known neurological disorder and are assu … did not report, or show, cognitive impairments. In patients with PMD, we found associations between verbal learning, SVT performance and severity of depression and anxiety complaints. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that some patients with PMD show non-credible cognitive symptoms. In contrast, no evident cognitive impairments were present in patients with PMD or GTS. O …

DNA methylation and cognitive functioning in healthy older adults.

Long-term supplementation with folic acid may improve cognitive performance in older individuals. The relationship between folate status and cognitive performance might be mediated by changes in methylation capacity, as methylation reactions are important for normal functioning of the brain. Although aberrant DNA methylation has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders, the relationship between DNA methylation status and non-pathological cognitive functioning in human subjects has not yet been investigated. The present study investigated the associations between global DNA methylation a

A neuropsychological investigation of male premutation carriers of fragile X syndrome.

It is currently thought that fragile X syndrome (FraX; the most common inherited form of learning disability) results from having more than 200 cytosine-guanine-guanine (CGG) trinucleotide repeats, with consequent methylation of the fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) gene and loss of FMR1 protein (FMRP). It was also considered that premutation carriers (with 55-200 CGG repeats) are unaffected, although a tremor/ataxia syndrome has recently been described in older adult male carriers. We reported that premutation expansion of CGG trinucleotide repeats affects brain anatomy, which, together wit

White matter microstructural alterations associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus and mild cognitive impairment.

Diabetes is one of the main risk factors for developing amnesic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Several studies have foun … een cerebral regions and Mini Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test immediate recall and recognition, Verbal Fluency Test total words and animals. Persons with T2DM-aMCI showed less cerebral white matter integrity in different brain areas when compared to healthy controls. Positive correlations between white ma …

An 18-Year Study of Changes in Neurocognitive Function and Associations with Repetitive Head Trauma among Former Collegiate American Football Players: A Case Series.

OBJECTIVES: To assess changes in neurocognitive test scores among former collegiate American football players over 18 years and examine associations with head trauma history. METHODS: Former collegiate American football players (n = 31; aged = 38.4 ± 1.3 years) self-reported their concussion history and repetitive head impact exposure (Head Impact Exposure Estimate). Neurocognitive testing was conducted at two time-points (during college [T1] and 18-year follow-up [T2]) via Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised Immediate and Delayed Recall; Verbal fluency; Symbol Digit Modalities Test; and Tra…

Beyond reading and spelling: exploring intelligence profiles in individuals with dyslexia through a Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory lens.

BACKGROUND: Dyslexia, a prevalent learning disability, is associated with specific cognitive profiles. This study investigated the cognitive profiles of children and adolescents with dyslexia in Poland utilizing the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory to understand patterns of strengths and weaknesses. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE: The study analyzed intelligence assessment data from 3,458 Polish children and adolescents (age 10-19 years) diagnosed with dyslexia. Data were obtained from a national research panel. Participants underwent comprehensive intelligence assessments using the Stanford-Bin

Quantitative analysis of visually normal EEG reveals spectral power abnormalities in temporal lobe epilepsy.

OBJECTIVE: To compare quantitative spectral parameters of visually-normal EEG between Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (MTLE) patients and heal … ients between ATR in ipsilateral temporal lobe, and results of neuropsychological tests of auditory verbal learning (RAVLT and RAVLT-D), short term verbal memory (Digit span backwards), and executive function (Weigl's sorting test). ADR values in the contralateral posterior region correlated positively with RAVLT-D and Digit span backwards tests. DISCUSSION: Res …

The effect of years of schooling and age on CERAD-MX performance in Mexican preclinical carriers of the APP V717I mutation: Randomized data simulation.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to determine the effect of years of schooling (YoS) and age on the Mexican adaptation of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD-MX) scores in preclinical carriers group (PCG) and non-carriers group (NCG) of the APP V717I mutation. METHODS: We included 39 first-degree Mexican relatives of APP V717I carriers (PCG = 15; NCG = 24). We report eight CERAD-MX tasks: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Word List Learning (WLL), Delayed Recall (WLD) and Recognition (WLR), Constructional Praxis Copy (CPC) and Recall (CPR), Semantic Verbal Fluency