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[The role of early contact lens correction in the rehabilitation of nursing infants with aphakia].

The authors analyze the results of early (on days 5-8 postoperation) contact correction with soft contact lenses (SCL), carried out in 126 infants (206 eyes), operated on for congenital cataract extraction at the age of 2-12 mos. Soviet IOZM, Czechoslovak Spofa-lens, and American Bausch and Lomb lenses have been applied for 18-14 hrs daily, in parallel with the treatment for amblyopia (direct occlusion, a total exposure of the retina), carried out at home. A thorough adaptation, observance of the hygiene and schedule of the lens use have been a guarantee of the absence of ocular complications.…

Astigmatism associated with adnexal masses in infancy.

High degrees of astigmatism are common in infants with hemangiomas but have not been well documented with other adnexal masses. We reviewed … of the 17 eyes with dermoids and two of the 23 eyes with chalazions had astigmatism. Anisometropic amblyopia has been a prominent concern in the treatment of infants with hemangiomas. Patients with dacryoceles may be at similar risk. Repeated cycloplegic refractions are important in determining appropriate treatment of adnexal masses.

Refractive errors in children.

Optical correction of refractive errors in infants and young children is indicated when the refractive errors are sufficiently large to cause unilateral or bilateral amblyopia, if they are impairing the child's ability to function normally, or if the child has accommodative strabismus. Screening for refractive errors is important and should be performed as part of the annual physical examination in all verbal children. Screening for significant refractive errors in preverbal children is more difficult; however, the red reflex test of Bruckner is useful for the detection of anisometropic refrac…

Congenital cataract and intraocular lenses.

We implanted nine intraocular lenses for the aphakic correction of congenital monocular cataracts in eight children (eight eyes). During follow-up periods ranging from 18 to 50 months in six children, there were no major complications connected to the surgery. Parental cooperation with treatment for amblyopia was satisfactory in all cases. The degree of strabismus, the fixation pattern, and the optokinetic nystagmus responses improved postoperatively in all six. Three children old enough to cooperate during visual testing had visual acuities better than 20/200 and two of these had visual acuit…

Amniotic band syndrome and strabismus.

Three patients with various manifestations of the amniotic band syndrome associated with strabismus are presented and discussed. All three cases demonstrate a paralytic strabismus due to a unilateral paresis-paralysis of the medial rectus in one case and of the superior rectus in another. The third case showed a bilateral lateral rectus paralysis. In two cases, the strabismus was accompanied by other ocular manifestations, while in one patient strabismus and amblyopia were the sole ophthalmological findings. In two of the cases, a direct association between the mesodermal bands and the strabis…

LASCER Bode plots for normal, amblyopic, and stereoanomalous observers.

Indices of laterality, interocular response latency difference, and binocular summation derived from Bode plots (amplitude-versus-temporal frequency and phase lag-versus-temporal frequency) of cortical responses evoked by laser speckle (LASCER) are correlated with common tests used in clinical refraction. We evaluated eight normal observers and eleven observers with histories of amblyopia and/or stereoanomalies. We find that: (1) LASCER amplitude is reduced in the amblyopic eyes relative to the unaffected fellow eyes, (2) LASCER response latency is increased in the amblyopic eyes relative to t…

Visual acuity after iridectomy or aspiration for congenital cataract: Experimental and clinical studies.

Studies with a camera and a model eye showed that the image produced by peripheral light rays is inferior to the image produced by paraxial rays. In a retrospective clinical study, we determined the best corrected visual acuity in 33 patients (52 eyes) who had had iridectomy (group I) or aspiration (group II) or both for central cataracts. Vision was significantly better (p less than 0.01) in group II than in group I, and postoperative complications of aspiration were minimal. Some patients had unilateral amblyopia or pendular nystagmus. We conclude that if vision is to be improved with a sing…

Altered expression of alternatively spliced isoforms of the mRNA NMDAR1 receptor in the visual cortex of strabismic cats.

PURPOSE: Although much has been written about the role of the NMDA receptor's role in experience dependent visual plasticity, the function of the NMDAR1 receptor subunit in the post-plasticity stage of development is still not well understood. However, in the well studied model of strabismic amblyopia where binocularity is reduced, but where most primary visual cortex neurons can be driven by one or other eye, the density of expression of NMDAR1 receptor protein is significantly reduced, compared to normals. This study aims to identify which of eight isoforms of the spliced heterogeneous varia…

Oculomotor nerve palsies in children.

Fifty-four patients with oculomotor nerve palsy who presented over a 21-year period at our institution were reviewed retrospectively. There were 38 isolated third nerve lesions, and 16 with additional cranial nerve involvement. Eleven cases were congenital in origin, and 43 were acquired. Of the acquired group, 31 were traumatic, 7 infection-related, 3 attributed to migraine or other vascular causes, and 2 neoplastic. Average follow up was 36 months. The congenital lesions were predominantly right-sided; amblyopia, although common, responded well to treatment. Trauma and bacterial meningitis a…

Congenital anterior polar cataract: a review of 63 cases.

Sixty-three patients with congenital anterior polar cataracts seen over a period of 15 years at The Children's Hospital, Boston, were reviewed to determine their clinical course and visual outcome. Over one-third of the patients were found to have strabismus, refractive anisometropia, or some form of amblyopia. Seven other patients had additional ocular pathology which affected their visual prognosis. One patient manifested progressive lens opacification that eventually warranted cataract surgery. These findings suggest a less benign prognosis for congenital anterior polar cataracts than has g…

Peripheral Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Straatsma Syndrome: A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Straatsma syndrome is a rare congenital condition classically defined by the triad of persistent myelinated retinal nerve fibers, ipsilateral axial myopia, and amblyopia. Although generally regarded as a stable developmental anomaly, growing evidence suggests that eyes with Straatsma syndrome may harbor clinically relevant abnormalities of the vitreoretinal interface, predisposing them to late-onset retinal detachment. Most reported cases describe macular hole-associated retinal detachment driven by focal, abnormally strong vitreoretinal adhesion overlying myelinated fibers at th…

3D choroidal vascularity index in hyperopic amblyopic eyes of preschool children: a case-control study using SS-OCTA.

AIM: To evaluate the three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index (3D-CVI) in amblyopic eyes of preschool children compared with age-matched healthy controls using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). METHODS: A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted. Children aged between 4y and less than 7y diagnosed with hyperopic amblyopia were consecutively recruited between January 1, 2021 and May 30, 2024. Age-matched controls were selected from healthy children without ocular or systemic diseases. All participants underwent SS-OCTA scanning, and choroidal paramet…

NeuroCSF: метод fMRI для измерения функции контрастной чувствительности в визуальной коре человека.

Функция контрастной чувствительности (CSF) описывает ряд пространственных частот (SF), которые обнаруживаются на данном уровне контрастности и являются весьма ценным инструментом как в клинических, так и в фундаментальных исследованиях. Однако, несмотря на его огромную ценность, потенциал РСУ в полной мере не используется во всех аспектах клинических исследований из-за временных ограничений и терпеливых факторов. Мы предлагаем нейрохирургию в качестве нового метода измерения CSF по всему визуальному полю непосредственно от мозговой активности и с минимальным спросом со стороны участников. Neur

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The contrast sensitivity function (CSF) describes a range of spatial frequencies (SFs) that are detectable at a given level of contrast and … for the study of cortical visual functions in various disorders where the CSF is impacted, such as amblyopia, traumatic brain injury, and multiple sclerosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We introduce neuroCSF, a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-based method for estimating contrast sensitivity function (CSF) parameters across the visual field. This app …

Torticollis in Non-Syndromic Unicoronal Craniosynostosis Is Predominantly Ocular Related.

(1) Background: Patients with unicoronal craniosynostosis (UCS) often show torticollis which can result from either an ocular cause or contr … ular single vision (BSV), strabismus, ocular motility, alphabetical patterns, refractive error, and amblyopia. Patients were classified as OT, based on their ophthalmic and/or orthoptic diagnosis. Prevalence was determined with the 95% CI using the Clopper-Pearson exact test. Associations between OT and the ophthalmic features were determined using Chi-squa …

Defining outcome measures in juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis by a systematic review analysis: do we need a consensus?

BACKGROUND: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis associated Uveitis (JIA-U) represents its most frequent extra-articular manifestation and the main … easures for JIA-U use have been identified (grade of cells in the AC, grade of flare in the AC, VA, amblyopia, structural complications, use and sparing of oral corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs, surgery requirement, biomarkers, bilateral disease, JIA persistence, quality of life assessments, uveitis subtype). As regards primary outcome measures, …

Nogo Receptor 1 Confines a Disinhibitory Microcircuit to the Critical Period in Visual Cortex.

UNLABELLED: A characteristic of the developing mammalian visual system is a brief interval of plasticity, termed the "critical period," when … air brain function. In the developing visual system, visual deprivation early in life can result in amblyopia (lazy-eye), a prevalent childhood disorder comprising permanent deficits in spatial vision. Here we identify that the nogo-66 receptor 1 gene restricts an early and essential step in OD plasticity to the critical period. These findings link the emer …

Risk of musculoskeletal injuries, fractures, and falls in medicare beneficiaries with disorders of binocular vision.

IMPORTANCE: Disorders of binocular vision are increasingly prevalent among fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries 65 years or older. Visual impairment is a recognized risk factor for fractures. Despite the association of visual impairment and fracture risk, to our knowledge, no study has examined the influence that disorders of binocular vision (strabismus, amblyopia, diplopia, and nystagmus) may have on musculoskeletal injury and fracture risk in the elderly population. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate associations between disorders of binocular vision and musculoskeletal injury, fracture, and falls i…

Prevalence and risk factors for visual impairment in preschool children the sydney paediatric eye disease study.

PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence and associations of visual impairment (VI) in preschool children. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, population-bas … nd in 6.4% of the worse eye and 2.7% of the better eye in our sample. Refractive errors (69.7%) and amblyopia (26.3%) were the principal causes of VI in the worse eye. Astigmatism (51.3%) and hyperopia (28.9%) were the main refractive errors causing VI. In regression analysis controlling for other factors, VI was independently associated with low birthweigh …

Congenital ptosis: results of surgical management.

PURPOSE: To determine the visual and cosmetic outcome following the surgical correction of isolated congenital ptosis. METHODS: A retrospec … fascia lata resulted in a good cosmetic appearance with a low occurrence of surgical side effects. Amblyopia, when strictly defined, occurred in 11.25% of eyes despite early surgery for severe cases and intensive amblyopia therapy. Management requires repeated follow up for early detection and introduction of occlusion therapy or surgical ptosis correction …

Bilateral lens subluxation in a patient with homocystinuria: a case report.

PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral lens subluxation associated with homocystinuria that had been previously misdiagnosed with high myopia, amblyopia, and keratoconus. OBSERVATIONS: A 19-year-old Asian female presented with progressive bilateral visual decline and hand tremors over 10 years. Slit-lamp examination, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, genetic and metabolic testing were performed to confirm the diagnosis of homocystinuria. Surgical intervention was undertaken to improve visual acuity. Anterior segment imaging documented bilateral lens subluxation and microspheropha…