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The Effect of Er:YAG Laser Therapy as an Adjunct to Surgical Treatment Compared to Latter Alone in Managing Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial was to assess the effectiveness of the Er:YAG laser as an adjunct to conventional surgical treatment compared to surgical treatment alone in managing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). METHODS: Sixty-five patients diagnosed with stage II or III MRONJ were randomly allocated into 2 groups: a control group (n = 30) treated using conventional surgery alone and a test group (n = 35) treated using conventional surgery with adjunctive Er:YAG laser. All patients received 3-day preoperative and 14-day posto

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… Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee of Wroclaw Medical University on January 29, 2021 (Bioethics Committee agreement No. KB-27/2021). Data were treated to ensure the confidentiality and privacy of patients. …

Safety of bloodless autologous stem cell transplantation in Jehovah's Witness patients.

Due to the curative potential and improvement in progression-free survival (PFS), high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is considered the standard of care for several hematologic malignancies, such as multiple myeloma, and lymphomas. ASCT typically involves support with blood product transfusion. Thus, difficulties arise when Jehovah's Witness patients refuse blood transfusions. In order to demonstrate the safety of performing "bloodless" ASCT (BL-ASCT), we performed a retrospective analysis of 66 Jehovah's Witnesses patients who underwent BL-ASCT and 1

Effect of Primary and Secondary Beads of Carbon Enterosorbent on Haematological Parameters and Oxidative Stress Development Caused by Melphalan in Rats.

Background and Objectives: Side effects of anti-cancer drugs are usually accompanied by oxidative stress, including myelotoxicity. We evaluated the potential of oral highly activated micro-/macroporous carbon adsorbents (bulk density of 0.16 g/cm3, surface area calculation by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller model (SBET) > 2200 m2/g, derived from proprietary phenolic resin beads) to alleviate oxidative stress and myelotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: A single injection of cytostatic melphalan (L-PAM) at a dose of 4 mg/kg was used for modelling. Two forms of activated carbon were used: AC1-primar

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… The experimental work with animals was previously approved by the protocol № 1a dated 16 February 2017 on the meeting of Bioethics Commission of IEPOR. …

Antioxidants selenomethionine and D-pantethine decrease the negative side effects of doxorubicin in NL/Ly lymphoma-bearing mice.

AimTo investigate the potential tissue-protective effects of antioxidants selenomethionine and D-pantethine applied together with doxorubicin (Dx) on NK/Ly lymphoma-bearing mice. The impact of this chemotherapy scheme on animal survival, blood cell profile, hepatotoxicity, glutathione level, and activity of glutathione-converting enzymes in the liver was compared with the action of Dx applied alone..MethodsThe hematological profile of animals was studied by the analysis of blood smears under light microscopy. Hepatotoxicity of studied drugs was evaluated measuring the activity of alanine amino

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… All in vivo experiments were conducted in accordance with the international principles of the European Convention for protection of vertebrate animals under the control of the Bio-Ethics Committee of the above mentioned institution (Protocol Nş 9/2015 from 1.09.2015 of the BioEthics committee of the …

Biopharmaceuticals for Cancer Treatment: An Update.

Cancer is one of the most debilitating diseases, causing profound physical and psychological impacts on patients. The global number of cancer patients has been steadily rising over the last few decades. The development of effective cancer therapies remains the primary focus in life science research, requiring a precise understanding of specific pathways and the regulation of tumor markers. The approved cancer therapies demonstrate effectiveness by acting on specific regulatory enzymes, components required for cell division, hormones, and cell-specific receptors, etc. While small-molecule drugs

Photobiomodulation in Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Outcomes in Stage I and Its Adjunctive Role in Advanced Cases.

Background/Objectives: The development of pharmacotherapy, particularly in antiangiogenic drugs, has led to the emergence of MRONJ as a significant side effect. With the increasing incidence of cancer, the management of MRONJ poses a growing challenge for clinicians. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) in treating patients with stage I, II, and III medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Methods: A total of 31 patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 14 patients), with Stage 1 MRONJ; and Group 2 (n = 17 patients), with Stage

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… The study protocol and treatment regimens were approved by the Bioethics Committee (No. KB-27/2021). The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 635 nm diode wavelengths and their role in managing MRONJ. …

Euthanasia as a safeguard for living: Anticipation and incurable cancer in a Colombian context.

This article builds on years of ethnographic conversations I sustained with my father, 89, who lives in Colombia. Soon after getting diagnosed with an incurable Multiple Myeloma-a cancer known for unleashing prolonged and painful agonies-he withdrew from oncology treatments and secured access to euthanasia (assisted-dying) on his own, bypassing medico-insurance guidelines created to regulate this medical practice and prevent abuses. Eight years after withdrawing treatments, my dad is still alive. His case shines a light on how securing access to euthanasia may have had unintended therapeutic e

Advancing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) in Africa: A Pathway to Curing Hematological Disorders.

BackgroundHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers a curative option for numerous hematological disorders, notably sickle cell disease and thalassemia, which are highly prevalent in Africa. Despite its potential, access to HSCT remains limited due to infrastructural, economic, and socio-cultural challenges across the continent.MethodsThis review synthesizes current literature and reports on the status of HSCT in Africa, analyzing data from existing transplant centers, national registries, and peer-reviewed studies to assess progress, challenges, and prospects for expanding HSCT se

Blood biomarker dynamics in people with relapsing multiple sclerosis treated with cladribine tablets: results of the 2-year MAGNIFY-MS study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cladribine tablets (CladT) represent an effective immune reconstitution therapy, administered in short treatment courses over two consecutive years. To better understand the amplitude of immune changes, we performed a comprehensive analysis during the 2-year study period for the entire MAGNIFY-MS population (N=270). In addition to lymphocyte kinetics, we studied intracellular cytokines serum proteins, and their associations with clinical outcomes. To put these changes into perspective, we analyzed transcriptional changes in T and B cells and associated biological pat

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… Poland: Bioethics Committee at the District Medical Board, Lublin (Resolution ID: 283/2018/KB/VII). Spain: Ethics Committee for Research with Drugs of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid (ID: 2017-002631-42). Sweden: Regional Ethics Testing Board in Uppsala, Uppsala (Diary No. 2018/171/1). …

Retrospective analysis of the efficacy of adjuvant cytokine-induced killer cell immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients after surgery.

ObjectivesEven though postoperative chemotherapy can eliminate residual tumor cells in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), severe adversity, weakened immunity and drug resistance are still problems. Adjuvant cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy is an alternative to CRC patients after surgery. The present study investigated the efficacy of adjuvant CIK cell therapy combined with chemotherapy in postoperative CRC patients.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included 137 postoperative CRC patients, including 71 who received adjuvant chemotherapy alone (control group) and 66 who received a

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… METHODS Patients – inclusion and demographics This study and the protocol of CIK cell‐based immunotherapy were reviewed and approved by the Bioethics Committee of Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. …

UMIB Summit 2015

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The experience of patients with hematological malignancy in their terminal stage: a phenomenological study from Jordan's perspective.

BackgroundPatients diagnosed with hematological malignancies residing in low-middle-income countries undergo significant physical and psychological stressors. Despite this, only 16% of them receive proper care during the terminal stages. It is therefore crucial to gain insight into the unique experiences of this population.AimTo have a better understanding of the needs and experiences of adult patients with advanced hematological malignancy by exploring their perspectives.MethodsA qualitative interpretive design was employed to collect and analyze data using a phenomenological approach. The st

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… Moral challenges in clinics and families Bioethics 2019 33 4 421 30 10.1111/bioe.12590 31115084 PMC6594221 69. Kinoshita H Place of death and the differences in patient quality of death and dying and caregiver burden J Clin Oncol 2015 33 4 357 63 10.1200/JCO.2014.55.7355 25534381 70. …

Bortezomib (PS-341) treatment decreases inflammation and partially rescues the expression of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex in GRMD dogs.

Golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) is a genetic myopathy corresponding to Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in humans. Muscle atrophy is known to be associated with degradation of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In the present study, we investigated the effect of bortezomib treatment on the muscle fibers of GRMD dogs. Five GRMD dogs were examined; two were treated (TD- Treated dogs) with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, and three were control dogs (CD). Dogs were treated with bortezomib using the same treatment regimen used for multip

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… This research was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, protocol number 893/2006. …

Immunotherapy Combined with Metronomic Dosing: An Effective Approach for the Treatment of NSCLC.

Pioneering studies on tumor and immune cell interactions have highlighted immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as revolutionizing interventions for the management of NSCLC, typically combined with traditional MTD chemotherapies, which usually lead to toxicities and resistance to treatment. Alternatively, MTR chemotherapy is based on the daily low dose administration of chemotherapeutics, preventing tumor growth indirectly by targeting the tumor microenvironment. The effects of MTR administration of an oral prodrug of gemcitabine (OralGem), alone or with anti-PD1, were evaluated. Relevant in vit

2026 Приложение к резюме Международного конгресса

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Second-Class Care: How Immigration Law Transforms Clinical Practice in the Safety Net.

This article examines how U.S. immigration law extends into the health care safety net, enacting medical legal violence that diminishes noncitizens' health chances and transforms clinical practices. Drawing on interviews with health care workers in three U.S. states from 2015 to 2020, I ask how federal citizenship-based exclusions within an already stratified health care system shape the clinical trajectories of noncitizens in safety-net institutions. Focusing specifically on cancer care, I find that increasingly anti-immigrant federal policies often reshape clinical practices toward noncitize

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… American Journal of Bioethics 16(10):72–74. Castañeda Heide, Holmes Seth M., Madrigal Daniel S., De Trinidad Young Maria-Elena, Beyeler Naomi, Quesada James. 2015. “Immigration as a Social Determinant of Health.” Annual Review of Public Health 36(1):375–92. Charmaz Kathy. 2014. …

Exploring the Significance of Immune Checkpoints and EBV Reactivation in Antibody Deficiencies with Near-Normal Immunoglobulin Levels or Hyperimmunoglobulinemia.

This study delves into the intricate landscape of primary immunodeficiencies, with a particular focus on antibody deficiencies characterized by near-normal immunoglobulin levels or hyperimmunoglobulinemia. Contrary to the conventional focus on genetic dysregulation, these studies investigate the key roles of immune checkpoints, such as PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4/CD86, and CD200R/CD200, on selected subpopulations of T and B lymphocytes and their serum concentrations of soluble forms in patients recruited for the studies in healthy volunteers. In addition, the studies also show the role of Epstein-Barr

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… Institutional Review Board Statement The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Bioethics Committee at the Medical University of Lublin, Resolution No. KE-0254-186/06/2023 of 22 June 2023. …

Iceland screens, treats, or prevents multiple myeloma (iStopMM): a population-based screening study for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and randomized controlled trial of follow-up strategies.

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) precedes multiple myeloma (MM). Population-based screening for MGUS could identify candidates for early treatment in MM. Here we describe the Iceland Screens, Treats, or Prevents Multiple Myeloma study (iStopMM), the first population-based screening study for MGUS including a randomized trial of follow-up strategies. Icelandic residents born before 1976 were offered participation. Blood samples are collected alongside blood sampling in the Icelandic healthcare system. Participants with MGUS are randomized to three study arms. Arm 1 is n

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… Methods Approval The study protocol, all information material, biobank, and questionnaires were approved by the Icelandic National Bioethics Committee (Number 16–022, date: 2016-04-26) with approval from the Icelandic Data Protection Agency. …

Gene and cell therapy of human genetic diseases: Recent advances and future directions.

Disruptions in normal development and the emergence of health conditions often result from the malfunction of vital genes in the human body. Decades of scientific research have focused on techniques to modify or substitute defective genes with healthy alternatives, marking a new era in disease treatment, prevention and cure. Recent strides in science and technology have reshaped our understanding of disorders, medication development and treatment recommendations, with human gene and cell therapy at the forefront of this transformative shift. Its primary objective is the modification of genes o

Advancing CRISPR genome editing into gene therapy clinical trials: progress and future prospects.

Genome editing has recently evolved from a theoretical concept to a powerful and versatile set of tools. The discovery and implementation of CRISPR-Cas9 technology have propelled the field further into a new era. This RNA-guided system allows for specific modification of target genes, offering high accuracy and efficiency. Encouraging results are being announced in clinical trials employed in conditions like sickle cell disease (SCD) and transfusion-dependent beta-thalassaemia (TDT). The path finally led the way to the recent FDA approval of the first gene therapy drug utilising the CRISPR/Cas