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Доклад по делу: Цитовосстановительная хирургия как терапевтическая попытка лечения внематочной плазматомы.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Множественная миелома представляет собой гематологическую порчу, основанную на патологическом моноклональном распространении плазменных клеток, которое обычно происходит в костном мозге. Известные аспекты его симптоматологии включают анемию, почечную недостаточность, гиперкалкемию, остеолитические повреждения костей и потенциальные последствия амилоидоза. Диагностика носит мультимодальный характер и опирается на лабораторные и визуальные методы традиционной радиологии и ядерной медицины. Тогда лечение является достоянием гематолога-онколога. One форма этого заболевания представляет с

MPO-ANCA-Associated Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis Mimicking IgG4-Related Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a rare and chronic clinical disease characterized by thickening of the dura mater, leading to persistent headache, cranial neuropathy, seizures, and other neurological symptoms. Immune-mediated causes, particularly antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis and IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), are among the most common etiologies. We report a case of a 54-year-old female with recurrent headache, blepharoptosis, hearing loss, and markedly elevated inflammatory markers. Blood tests, and serum levels of IgG4 were within normal ranges. Cont

More Than an Adipokine: The Complex Roles of Chemerin Signaling in Cancer.

Chemerin is widely recognized as an adipokine, with diverse biological roles in cellular differentiation and metabolism, as well as a leukocyte chemoattractant. Research investigating the role of chemerin in the obesity-cancer relationship has provided evidence both for pro- and anti-cancer effects. The tumor-promoting effects of chemerin primarily involve direct effects on migration, invasion, and metastasis as well as growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Chemerin can also promote tumor growth via the recruitment of tumor-supporting mesenchymal stromal cells and stimulation of angiogenes

Implications of Angiogenesis Involvement in Arthritis.

Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, is essential in the pathogenesis of joint inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), facilitating the invasion of inflammatory cells and increase in local pain receptors that contribute to structural damage and pain. The angiogenic process is perpetuated by various mediators such as growth factors, primarily vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), as well as proinflammatory cytokines, various chemokines, matrix components, cell adhesion molecules, proteases, and others.

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… Another research group has suggested that the PI3K/Akt pathway may underlie CD147-induced upregulation of VEGF in U937-derived foam cells [ 37 ]. … Cd147 induces up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor in u937-derived foam cells through pi3k/akt pathway Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 2016 609 31 38 10.1016/j.abb.2016.09.001 27619643 38. Isozaki T. Rabquer B.J. Ruth J.H. Haines G.K. 3rd Koch A.E. …

Последние изменения в многократной склерозовой нейропатологии.

ЦЕЛЬ ОБЗОРА: Нетрофологические исследования тканей головного мозга человека необходимы для понимания нами механизмов заболеваний при множественном склерозе (МС). Они служат основой для концепций эволюции повреждений, регенерации тканей и развития болезней и в идеале позволяют выявить новые механизмы борьбы с заболеваниями и терапевтические цели. Здесь мы рассматриваем недавние нейропатологические исследования, которые помогли нам лучше узнать о патогенезе MS.ПОСЛЕДНИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: Недавние когортные исследования подтверждают идею о том, что различные клинические фенотипы MS имеют общие патоло

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… In a combined postmortem MRI/pathology study, a specific variant of these lesions, juxtacortical paramagnetic rim lesions, were histologically characterized by iron-containing foam cells. …

Over-the-counter and compounded mouthwashes for radiotherapy-induced xerostomia: a randomized controlled trial.

Head and neck radiotherapy quantitatively and qualitatively compromises salivary flow, and salivary substitutes have the potential to alleviate the symptoms. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of two salivary substitutes in relieving symptoms of radiotherapy-induced xerostomia through a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Twenty-four patients were selected from a dental oncology clinic and randomly assigned to the over-the-counter or compounded mouthwash group. Each patient was instructed to rinse their oral cavity with the assigned solution three times a day for 30 days. Both p

Case report and comprehensive literature review: A rare instance of lipoid pneumonia.

RATIONALE: This case report elucidates the diagnostic challenges and natural progression of lipoid pneumonia (LP), a rare pulmonary condition, highlighting the critical importance of long-term monitoring. PATIENT CONCERNS: An 82-year-old female presented with a 2-year history of chronic cough and an acute exacerbation. DIAGNOSES: Initial diagnosis was severe pneumonia. Definitive diagnosis of LP was confirmed by computed tomography -guided lung biopsy, which revealed lipid-laden macrophages. INTERVENTIONS: Suspected lipid exposure was discontinued, and supportive conservative care was provi

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… On tissue biopsy with special staining, exogenous LP demonstrates positive Oil Red O staining, whereas endogenous LP presents with aggregates of foam cells. [ 6 , 10 ] In this particular case, although the BALF appeared normal, a tissue biopsy revealed numerous lipid-vacuolated histiocytes. …

Lysosomal storage diseases.

Lysosomes are cytoplasmic organelles that contain a variety of different hydrolases. A genetic deficiency in the enzymatic activity of one of these hydrolases will lead to the accumulation of the material meant for lysosomal degradation. Examples include glycogen in the case of Pompe disease, glycosaminoglycans in the case of the mucopolysaccharidoses, glycoproteins in the cases of the oligosaccharidoses, and sphingolipids in the cases of Niemann-Pick disease types A and B, Gaucher disease, Tay-Sachs disease, Krabbe disease, and metachromatic leukodystrophy. Sometimes, the lysosomal storage ca

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… Pathologically, foam cells with granulomatous reaction occur in the respiratory system, soft tissues, and joints [ 135 ]. The cells are vacuolated and foam cells are present in lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen, and liver as well as renal proximal tubular epithelial and glomerular cells. … By EM, foam cells containing curvilinear tubular structures, membrane-bound reticulogranular material, mucopolysaccharides, and zebra bodies are seen [ 136 ]. …

Anti-PEG Antibodies and Their Biological Impact on PEGylated Drugs: Challenges and Strategies for Optimization.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been widely utilized in optimizing therapeutics due to its excellent biocompatibility and chemical stability. However, multiple dosing of PEGylated drugs may result in toxicity due to PEG accumulation in tissues, leading to the formation of anti-PEG antibodies (APAs), which can accelerate drug clearance, reduce efficacy, and alongside enhanced side effects, such as allergic reactions. Notably, pre-existing APAs have also been detected in individuals with no prior exposure to PEGylated drugs, raising additional clinical concerns. This review summarizes the mechanis

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… The number of foam cells in the lungs and lymph nodes increased after five intravenous injections of 20 mg/kg and significantly increased in the spleen with 200 mg/kg. The formation of foam cells often indicates toxicity or tissue damage caused by the drug or carrier. …

Resveratrol and Cardiovascular Diseases.

The increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has stimulated research for substances that could improve cardiovascular health. Among them, resveratrol (RES), a polyphenolic compound notably present in grapes and red wine, has been involved in the "French paradox". RES is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and for its ability to upregulate endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). RES was able to scavenge (•)OH/O₂(•-) and peroxyl radicals, which can limit the lipid peroxidation processes. Moreover, in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) under glucose-induced oxidati

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… RES could also counteract the formation of foam cells by inhibiting NADPH oxidase 1 expression and the production of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide, via an action on the Akt and forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) pathways [ 37 ]. … Resveratrol inhibits foam cell formation via NADPH oxidase 1- mediated reactive oxygen species and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 Exp. Mol. Med. 2009 41 171 179 10.3858/emm.2009.41.3.020 19293636 PMC2679243 38. Latruffe N. Lançon A. Frazzi R. Aires V. Delmas D. Michaille J.J. Djouadi F. Bastin J. …

Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases and Vascular Function: The Concept of Autoimmune Atherosclerosis.

Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) with unknown etiology are increasing in incidence and prevalence. Up to 5% of the population is affected. AIRDs include rheumatoid arthritis, system lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and Sjögren's syndrome. In patients with autoimmune diseases, the immune system attacks structures of its own body, leading to widespread tissue and organ damage, which, in turn, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. One third of the mortality associated with autoimmune diseases is due to cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis is considered the main un

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… Plaque is formed of the precipitation of lipoprotein, macrophage (foam cells), antibodies, and cytokines within the vessel wall [ 155 ]. … Prevalence of Foam Cells and Helper–T cells in Atherosclerotic Plaques of Korean Patients with Carotid Atheroma Korean J. Intern. Med. 2000 15 117 121 10.3904/kjim.2000.15.2.117 10992723 PMC4531756 156. O’Leary D.H. Polak J.F. Wolfson S.K. Bond M.G. Bommer W. Sheth S. Psaty B.M. Sharrett A.R. …

An Early Myeloma Bone Disease Model in Skeletally Mature Mice as a Platform for Biomaterial Characterization of the Extracellular Matrix.

Multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease is characterized by osteolytic bone tissue destruction resulting in bone pain, fractures, vertebral collapse, and spinal cord compression in patients. Upon initial diagnosis of MM, almost 80% of patients suffer from bone disease. Earlier diagnosis and intervention in MM bone disease would potentially improve treatment outcome and patient survival. New preclinical models are needed for developing novel diagnostic markers of bone structural changes as early as possible in the disease course. Here, we report a proof-of-concept, syngeneic, intrafemoral MOPC315.BM

Новые роли протеина CCN3 в заболеваниях, связанных с иммуном.

Протеины CCN представляют собой семейство внеклеточных матриц (ECM) белков, которые в настоящее время состоят из шести секретных белков (CCN1-6). Протеин CCN3, также известный как нефробластома с перевыраженным белком (NOV), является членом семейства CCN с множеством биологических функций, связанных с основными клеточными процессами, такими, как рост клеток, миграция и дифференциация. Недавно КХН3 стала одним из важнейших регуляторов различных заболеваний, включая иммунные заболевания, включая ревматологический артрит, остеоартрит и системный склероз. В ходе этого обзора мы кратко представим с

Dermatological manifestations of hematologic neoplasms. Part II: nonspecific skin lesions/paraneoplastic diseases.

Cutaneous manifestations occur in the course of hematologic malignancies and precede, accompany or occur late in relation to the diagnosis. They result from paraneoplastic phenomena, tumor infiltrations, immunosuppression resulting from the hematologic disease itself or its treatment. The dermatologist must be aware of these conditions that may be helpful both in the diagnosis of the underlying disease and in reducing patient morbidity. This review (part II) addresses the paraneoplastic dermatological changes associated with systemic hematologic malignancies.

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… Others suggest infiltration of leukemic cells with subsequent xanthomization. 73 , 74 Histopathologically, foam cells - macrophages with lipid droplets - are present and a variable number of Touton giant cells, lymphocytes, and foamy histiocytes can be seen in the upper dermis and occasionally show … cells may be seen on histopathological examination. 76 , 77 Although there is no specific histopathological pattern for NXG, these changes, associated with the characteristic clinical picture, favor this diagnosis. 76 , 77 Treatment options include topical and systemic corticosteroids, thalidomide, …

If It's Not One Thing, It's Another: An Inverse Relationship of Malignancy and Atherosclerotic Disease.

Atherosclerosis and malignancy are pervasive pathological conditions that account for the bulk of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Our current understanding of the patholobiology of these fundamental disorders suggests that inflammatory processes may differentially affect them; thus, atherosclerosis can be largely driven by inflammation, where as cancer often flourishes as inflammatory responses are modulated. A corollary of this hypothesis is that cancer (or its treatment may significantly attenuate atherosclerotic disease by diminishing host inflammatory response, suggesting p

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… Given that such treatments are historically aimed towards rapidly dividing cells, unlike resident atherosclerotic foam cells, it does not seem likely that diminished atherosclerosis rates in this study in the timescale of treatment for cancer is due to chemotherapeutics. …

Cabozantinib Cutaneous Toxicity-Comprehensive Review.

BackgroundIn the context of modern cancer therapy, the management of adverse effects of systemic therapies can lead to the avoidance of underdosing and withdrawal and increases in the quality of the therapeutic act and the quality of life. This review offers an overview of the skin-related toxicities associated with Cabozantinib, a multikinase inhibitor (MKI) that is approved for treating advanced kidney cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and medullary thyroid cancer. It covers the most common dermatological side effects, such as palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, stomatitis, hair alterations,

Sphingolipid metabolism and hematologic disorders: current understanding and future directions.

Sphingolipids are not only key structural components of cell membranes but also serve as important signaling molecules, and their metabolic homeostasis is essential for the maintenance of cellular functions. In recent years, with the advancement of technologies such as metabolomics, studies have revealed that sphingolipid metabolic abnormalities are extensively involved in the occurrence and development of various hematological disorders, including immune thrombocytopenia, myeloproliferative neoplasms, graft-versus-host disease, hereditary hematological diseases, and hematologic malignancies.

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… The NPD module (B) depicts type A/B subtypes with SMPD1 mutations causing ASM deficiency and disordered cholesterol/sphingolipid trafficking, leading to SM crystal formation, foam cell infiltration in bone marrow, and hematologic manifestations including neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. … In NPD, lipid-laden macrophages (i. e., “foam cells”) infiltrate the bone marrow, disrupting the hematopoietic microenvironment. This can lead to impaired hematopoiesis, manifesting as peripheral blood cytopenias, such as thrombocytopenia and anemia ( Qadir et al., 2021 ). …

Учебный протокол: Исследовательный эксперимент на базе осмотина в качестве адъютанта для лечения прогрессивного множественного склероза.

ЦЕЛЬ: Множественный склероз (MS) является первой причиной нетравматических неврологических расстройств у молодых людей. Первичные и вторичные прогрессивные MS по-прежнему не имеют эффективных методов лечения. Недавно был разработан новый продукт, изготовленный из листьев листьев биоинженерных киви (Actinidia deliciosa), перевыражающих осмотин. Осмотин — белок, связанный с адаптацией к стрессу в растительных клетках, и он обладает противовоспалительными и нейрозащитными свойствами с адипонектином млекопитающих. Цель этого исследования заключается в изучении вопроса о безопасности и эффективност

Glucocorticoids-based prodrug design: Current strategies and research progress.

Attributing to their broad pharmacological effects encompassing anti-inflammation, antitoxin, and immunosuppression, glucocorticoids (GCs) are extensively utilized in the clinic for the treatment of diverse diseases such as lupus erythematosus, nephritis, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, asthma, keratitis, macular edema, and leukemia. However, long-term use often causes undesirable side effects, including metabolic disorders-induced Cushing's syndrome (buffalo back, full moon face, hyperglycemia, etc.), osteoporosis, aggravated infection, psychosis, glaucoma, and cataract. These notorious side e

Identification of functional TF-miRNA-hub gene regulatory network associated with ovarian endometriosis.

Endometriosis (EMs), one of the most common gynecological diseases, seriously affects the health and wellness of women; however, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. This study focused on dysregulated genes and their predicted transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs, which may provide ideas for further mechanistic research. The microarray expression dataset GSE58178, which included six ovarian endometriosis (OE) samples and six control samples, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto