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Случаи и характеристики инфекционных осложнений у многих пациентов с миеломой, которые лечились биконкретными антителами.

Близкие антитела (BsAbs) являются новым классом иммунотерапевтических агентов для пациентов с множественной миеломой (MM). Хотя этот новый класс лекарств связан с хорошей борьбой с болезнями, они также связаны с повышенным риском инфекционных осложнений. Поскольку эндемические общинные и носомные инфекции различны по всему миру, мы провели это исследование для представления реальных данных о инфекционных осложнениях, связанных с БСАБ у корейского населения. Мы ретроспективно проверили всех пациентов, которые прошли терапию BsAb с января. 2021 и январь 2024 в больнице Сеульского национального у

Bendamustine associated with irreversible ascending paralysis.

Bendamustine is an alkylating agent currently used in the treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders. Many adverse effects, including a rare case of reversible neurotoxicity, have been reported in association with bendamustine. Herein, we report the first case of irreversible ascending paralysis related to bendamustine.

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… CSF fluid studies were negative for JC virus, Epstein-Barr virus, Human herpesvirus 6, and cytomegalovirus by molecular tests. Her generalized weakness progressed further and then she developed visual deficits, floaters, and transient black spots in her left eye visual field. … In our patient neuroimaging revealed no multifocal white matter process and cerebrospinal fluid examination was negative for JC virus, which makes the diagnosis of PML less likely [ 19 ]. In addition, rituximab has been used recently to treat immune-mediated neuropathies [ 20 , 21 ]. …

Adult-Onset Cerebral Adrenoleukodystrophy Without Adrenal Gland Involvement.

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a metabolic disorder characterized by endocrine and neurological degeneration. A rare and variegated entity in adults, diagnosis is often a significant challenge and can lead to extensive testing, including invasive procedures if clinical suspicion is not high. We present the case of a 46-year-old-male with neurological dysfunction that is uncommon in X-ALD with preserved adrenocortical function. Initially misdiagnosed with multiple sclerosis, the patient faced a significant neurological and cognitive decline in a short follow-up time frame, ultimately

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… Additional testing of CSF for Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), paraneoplastic autoantibodies, Myelin basic protein, Human T-Lymphocyte Virus (HTLV) 1 and 2, Lyme serology, ceruloplasmin, heavy metal concentrations, and JC virus were negative or within … Virus in the CSF [ 10 ]. …

The Impact of Human Microbiotas in Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Organ Transplantation.

The human microbiota heavily influences most vital aspects of human physiology including organ transplantation outcomes and transplant rejection risk. A variety of organ transplantation scenarios such as lung and heart transplantation as well as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is heavily influenced by the human microbiotas. The human microbiota refers to a rich, diverse, and complex ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, archaea, helminths, protozoans, parasites, and viruses. Research accumulating over the past decade has established the existence of complex cross-species, cross-kingdom interac

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… Another study detected multiple subtypes of BK polyomavirus, JC virus, and TTV in the urine samples of kidney transplant recipients. … BK polyomavirus and JC virus infections are concerning for kidney transplant recipients as they can cause kidney and urinary tract infections, which can potentially lead to impaired renal function and even graft rejection ( 183 ). …

Utilities measured by rating scale, time trade-off, and standard gamble: review and reference for health care professionals.

Utility is a simple expression of health-related quality of life in individuals with different states of health. A number of studies on utility measurements were conducted and published in the past. We retrieved 164 English-language articles which appeared in 1966 through 1999 for a systematic review. The number of reports has been increasing at an accelerating pace, especially during the past decade. The most widely used method of utility measurement was time trade-off, TTO (40%), followed by rating scale, RS (31%) and standard gamble, SG (29%). The utility of chronic health status was more f

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in cancer therapy.

The multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), initially discovered from bone marrow in 1976, have been identified in nearly all tissues of human body now. The multipotency of MSCs allows them to give rise to osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and other lineages. Moreover, armed with the immunomodulation capacity and tumor-homing property, MSCs are of special relevance for cell-based therapies in the treatment of cancer. However, hampered by lack of knowledge about the controversial roles that MSC plays in the crosstalk with tumors, limited progress has been made with regard to tran

Dibromo-Edaravone Induces Anti-Erythroleukemia Effects via the JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a rare and aggressive hematological malignancy managed with chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and stem cell transplantation. However, these treatments often suffer from limitations such as refractoriness, high toxicity, recurrence, and drug resistance, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches. Dibromo-edaravone (D-EDA) is a synthetic derivative of edaravone (EDA) with unreported anti-leukemic properties. In this study, D-EDA demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against HEL cells with an IC50 value of 8.17 ± 0.43 μM using an MTT assay. Morpholo

Xerostomia due to systemic disease: a review of 20 conditions and mechanisms.

Xerostomia is a common complaint of nearly half of the elderly population and about one-fifth of younger adults. It causes several signs and symptoms, and compromise oral functions and health-related quality-of-life. Multiple reasons are proposed to describe the etiology of xerostomia such as local factors, psychogenic factors, and systemic diseases. In order to manage xerostomia effectively, identification of the main causality is mandatory. The aim of this review was to present systemic diseases leading to xerostomia with their mechanisms of action. We used various general search engines and

Natural and semisynthetic candidate molecules for COVID-19 prophylaxis and treatment.

Coronaviruses (CoVs) represent a family of viruses that have numerous animal hosts, and they cause severe respiratory, as well as systemic and enteric infections, in humans. Currently, there are limited antiviral strategies for treating patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The lack of specific antiviral medicines and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines continues to aggravate the situation. Natural product-based antiviral drugs have been used in the two previous CoV outbreaks: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the first SARS-CoV. This re

The Liver in Systemic Illness

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Изменяющиеся схемы первоначальной обработки RRMS в Финляндии (2013 - 2022 годы): Понимание из общенационального регистра множественных склерозов.

ОКРУЖАЮЩАЯ СЛЕДУЮЩАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ: Изменяется лечение повторно излучаемого склероза (RRMS). В Финляндии имеется ограниченный объем данных о первоначальной обработке ОРУО. ЦЕЛЬ: Наши цели заключались в изучении тенденций в области первоначального лечения с целью модификации болезней (ДМТ) для пациентов, страдающих ОРМС в период с 2013 по 2022 год, задержек с лечением, факторов, связанных с выбором ДРМ, схем переключения ОРМ и последствий пандемии COVID-19. МЕТОДЫ: В этом ретроспективном исследовании регистра использовались вторичные данные из финского регистра MS. DMT были классифицированы в ка

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… Among patients initiated on heDMTs, the most frequent reason for discontinuation was John Cunningham (JC) virus (43.2%). TABLE 4 The reasons for initial DMT termination during the first 2 years in patients with RRMS in Finland receiving their first DMT between 2013 and 2020. … Natalizumab has demonstrated an acceptable safety profile (Polman et al. 2006 ) except for the association with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, the risk of which, however, can be significantly lowered by monitoring the patients for serum anti‐JC virus antibodies (Bloomgren et al. 2012 ) …

Targeting the two-pore channel 2 in cancer progression and metastasis.

The importance of Ca2+ signaling, and particularly Ca2+ channels, in key events of cancer cell function such as proliferation, metastasis, autophagy and angiogenesis, has recently begun to be appreciated. Of particular note are two-pore channels (TPCs), a group of recently identified Ca2+-channels, located within the endolysosomal system. TPC2 has recently emerged as an intracellular ion channel of significant pathophysiological relevance, specifically in cancer, and interest in its role as an anti-cancer drug target has begun to be explored. Herein, an overview of the cancer-related functions

Adoptive T-cell therapy for Leukemia.

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is the most robust form of adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) and has been tremendously effective in the treatment of leukemia. It is one of the original forms of cancer immunotherapy and illustrates that lymphocytes can specifically recognize and eliminate aberrant, malignant cells. However, because of the high morbidity and mortality that is associated with alloSCT including graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), refining the anti-leukemia immunity of alloSCT to target distinct antigens that mediate the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect could transform

Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Pruritus: An Expert Consensus Review.

The aim of this study is to formulate the best clinical practice in the diagnosis and management of chronic pruritus (CP). We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the WHO's regional databases, for studies on "Diagnosis and management of chronic pruritus" from January 1, 2014, to July 31, 2015. We included programmatic reports and hand-searched references of published reviews and articles. Two independent reviewers screened articles and extracted data. We screened 87 of 95 studies that contained qualitative data. Avoid: Dry climate, heat, alcohol compress, ice packs, frequent ba

Cancer vaccines: an update on recent achievements and prospects for cancer therapy.

Decades of basic and translational research have led to a momentum shift in dissecting the relationship between immune cells and cancer. This culminated in the emergence of breakthrough immunotherapies that paved the way for oncologists to manage certain hard-to-treat cancers. The application of high-throughput techniques of genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics was conclusive in making and expediting the manufacturing process of cancer vaccines. Using the latest research technologies has also enabled scientists to interpret complex and multiomics data of the tumour mutanome, thus identify

Body Cavity-Based Lymphoma in a Country with Low Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevalence: A Series of 17 Cases from the Consortium for Improving Survival of Lymphoma.

PurposePrimary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a type of body cavity-based lymphoma (BCBL). Most patients with PEL are severely immunocompromised and seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We investigated the distinctive clinicopathologic characteristics of BCBL in a country with low HIV burden.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively collected data on the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of 17 consecutive patients with BCBL at nine institutions in Korea.ResultsLatency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA1) immunostaining indicated that six patients had PEL, si

The broad spectrum of cancer and immunotherapy: achievements and limitations.

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment over the past decades, offering renewed hope to patients with previously untreatable malignancies. This therapeutic approach could be categorized into three primary strategies: immune checkpoint blockade, adoptive cell therapy, and cancer vaccines. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been highly successful in boosting anti-tumour immune responses by blocking the immunosuppressive signals that cancer cells exploit to evade immune surveillance, mainly that exerted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Adoptive cell therapy, particularly chimeric antig

Significance of BK Polyomavirus in Long-Term Survivors after Adult Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.

BackgroundAllogeneic stem cell transplantation (aSCT) is a common treatment for a variety of hematological diseases. Advances in transplantation practices have led to an increasing number of long-term aSCT survivors, but data about health status and late complications are sparse. This analysis focusses on kidney function and urological complications in this population.MethodsThis study is a prospective unicentric non-interventional trial. Before starting the study, we obtained the approval of the local ethics review board. Furthermore, the study was registered at WHO Clinical Trial Registry. T

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… Detection of human herpesvirus 6 and JC virus in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating follicular lymphoma. Am. J. Hematol. 2001;67:200–205. doi: 10.1002/ajh.1108. 18. Tong A., Flemming K., McInnes E., Oliver S., Craig J. …

References

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… Discovery and epidemiology of the human polyomaviruses BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV) Adv Exp Med Biol. 2006;577:19–45. doi: 10.1007/0-387-32957-9_2. 349. Egli A, Infanti L, Stebler C, Bodaghi S, Gosert R, Hirsch HH. … BK and JC virus infections in recipients of bone marrow transplants. J Infect Dis. 1988;158:563–569. doi: 10.1093/infdis/158.3.563. 354. Bedi A, Miller CB, Hanson JL, Goodman S, Ambinder RF, Charache P. …

Oral complications and management strategies for patients undergoing cancer therapy.

With cancer survival rate climbing up over the past three decades, quality of life for cancer patients has become an issue of major concern. Oral health plays an important part in one's overall quality of life. However, oral health status can be severely hampered by side effects of cancer therapies including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Moreover, prevention and treatment of these complications are often overlooked in clinical practice. The present paper aims at drawing health care professionals' attention to oral complications associated wit