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Associations between long-term conditions and upper gastrointestinal cancer incidence: A prospective population-based cohort of UK Biobank participants.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Upper gastrointestinal cancers (oesophageal/stomach) have high mortality rates and are often diagnosed after the disease ha … -8.14), chronic fatigue syndrome (HR 3.36, 95% CI 1.25-9.03), glaucoma (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.16-3.67), multiple sclerosis (HR 4.60, 95% CI 1.71-12.34), oesophageal stricture (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.46-74.46) and pernicious anaemia (HR 6.93, 95% CI 3.42-14.03). CONCLUSION: Previously unrecognised LTCs may have a role in symptom appraisal and risk assessment of UGI cancer in …

Therapeutic Prospects of Cannabinoids in the Immunomodulation of Prevalent Autoimmune Diseases.

Introduction: Cannabinoids such as ▵-9-THC and CBD can downregulate the immune response by modulating the endocannabinoid system. This modulation is relevant for the treatment of prevalent autoimmune diseases (ADs), such as multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), diabetes mellitus type 1 (DMT1), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These conditions require new therapeutic options with fewer side effects for the control of the autoimmune response. Objective: to conduct a literature review of preclinical scientific evidence that supports further clinical investigations for the use…

Baseline Plasma Cell Gene Signature Predicts Improvement in Systemic Sclerosis Skin Scores Following Treatment With Inebilizumab (MEDI-551) and Correlates With Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

OBJECTIVE: B cells impact the progression of systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) through multiple pathogenic mechanisms. CD19 inhibition in mice reduced skin thickness, collagen production, and autoantibody levels, consistent with CD19 expression on plasma cells (PCs), the source of antibody production. PC depletion could effectively reduce collagen deposition and inflammation in SSc; therefore, we investigated the effects of PC depletion on SSc disease activity. METHODS: A PC gene signature was evaluated in SSc skin biopsy samples in 2 phase I clinical trials. We assessed microarray data f

[The course and prognosis of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis].

AIM: A retrospective analysis of a clinical course of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) in patients with glomerular deposition of IgA (IgA nephropathy--IgA-N), with glomerular deposition of other Ig to determine prognostic factors of MpGN progression including IgA-N and to examine the patients' sensitivity to immunodepressive therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 2000 patients with primary MPGN followed up from 1980 to 1999 from the disease onset to development of chronic renal failure (creatinine > 2.5 mg%). Factors affecting kidney survival were studied using the Cox regression model

The effectiveness of Robot-Assisted Gait Training versus conventional therapy on mobility in severely disabled progressIve MultiplE sclerosis patients (RAGTIME): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Gait and mobility impairments affect the quality of life (QoL) of patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) is an effective rehabilitative treatment but evidence of its superiority compared to other options is lacking. Furthermore, the response to rehabilitation is multidimensional, person-specific and possibly involves functional reorganization processes. The aims of this study are: (1) to test the effectiveness on gait speed, mobility, balance, fatigue and QoL of RAGT compared to conventional therapy (CT) in progressive MS and (2) to e…

Functional brain imaging: an evidence-based analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this analysis is to review a spectrum of functional brain imaging technologies to identify whether there are any imaging modalities that are more effective than others for various brain pathology conditions. This evidence-based analysis reviews magnetoencephalography (MEG), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), positron emission tomography (PET), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for the diagnosis or surgical management of the following conditions: Alzheimer's disease (AD), brain tumours, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Parkinson's disease (PD…

CD4 Deficiency Causes Poliomyelitis and Axonal Blebbing in Murine Coronavirus-Induced Neuroinflammation.

Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is a murine betacoronavirus (m-CoV) that causes a wide range of diseases in mice and rats, including hepatitis, enteritis, respiratory diseases, and encephalomyelitis in the central nervous system (CNS). MHV infection in mice provides an efficient cause-effect experimental model to understand the mechanisms of direct virus-induced neural-cell damage leading to demyelination and axonal loss, which are pathological features of multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common disabling neurological disease in young adults. Infiltration of T lymphocytes, activation of microglia…

[Medical clinical diagnostics for indoor mould exposure - Update 2023 (AWMF Register No. 161/001)].

This article is an abridged version of the updated AWMF mould guideline "Medical clinical diagnostics in case of indoor mould exposure - Upd … ue syndrome (CFS), endocrinopathies, gastrointestinal effects, multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), multiple sclerosis, neuropsychological effects, neurotoxic effects, renal effects, reproductive disorders, rheumatism, sick building syndrome (SBS), sudden infant death syndrome, teratogenicity, thyroid diseases, and urticaria.The risk of infection posed by moulds reg …

Сравнительный анализ протеолитических профилей плазмы у пациентов с множественным склерозом с историей COVID-19 и без нее.

Множественный склероз (MS) — нейродегенеративное расстройство центральной нервной системы, характеризующееся аномальной протеолитической активностью, особенно сериновой протеазой, которая способствует нейроинфламмации и повреждению тканей. Пандемия COVID-19 вызвала обеспокоенность в связи с долгосрочными иммунными и метаболическими возмущениями, которые могут усилить прогрессию MS. Это исследование сравнило протеолитические профили плазмы у пациентов MS с предыдущим COVID-19 и без него, с уделением особого внимания составу серин протеза, молекулярной организации и уровню молекул средней массы

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by abnormal proteolytic activity-particularly involving serine proteases-that contributes to neuroinflammation and tissue damage. The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about long-term immune and metabolic disturbances that may exacerbate MS pro…

Comparative efficacy and tolerability of ublituximab vs. other monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials.

BACKGROUND: Relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Ublituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb), is indicated for the treatment of RMS. We performed a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify randomized trials reporting the clinical efficacy and tolerability of ublituximab or comparator disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for treatment of RMS, and assessed their comparative effects using network meta-analysis (NMA). METHODS: The SLR involved a comprehensive search across various medical databases to identify relevant st…

Utility of Progression Independent of Relapse Activity as a Trial Outcome in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) is increasingly used as a measure of disability worsening in multiple sclerosis (MS) and is believed to reflect the more chronic neurodegenerative aspect of MS. However, while conceptually appealing, PIRA and its counterpart relapse-associated worsening (RAW) have not been validated as outcome measures for clinical trials. Here, we study the co-occurrence of MRI activity in patients experiencing PIRA and RAW in a clinical trial setting. To illustrate the problem of random variation and measurement error of these new …

Bilateral immune-mediated optic neuritis following HPV vaccination in an adolescent: diagnostic challenges and a rare clinical presentation.

BACKGROUND: Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory condition of the optic nerve that causes damage to the myelin sheath and nerve fibers, leading to acute visual impairment. While often idiopathic, ON is increasingly recognized in association with immune-mediated triggers, including post-vaccination phenomena. The proposed pathophysiology involves molecular mimicry, where vaccine-induced antigens trigger a cross-reactive immune response against myelin basic protein. Distinguishing vaccine-associated ON from primary demyelinating diseases, such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) or Neuromyelitis Optica…

Role of sRAGE in clinical heterogeneity and inflammation in endometriosis patients undergoing IVF; case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a multifactorial, chronic inflammatory disorder that affects a substantial proportion of women during their rep … ified with thyroid disorders, gastrointestinal disease, adenomyosis, migraine, asthma, diabetes, or multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, sRAGE levels were not correlated with the number of retrieved oocytes or embryos in either group. CONCLUSION: Women with endometriosis exhibited significantly elevated serum and follicular fluid sRAGE levels, suggesting altered AGE-RA …

Внеклеточная ДНК и Deoxiribonuc Alternation Activity как потенциальные биомаркеры воспаления в множестве склерозов.

Нейроинфламмация играет важнейшую роль в патофизиологии множественных склерозов (MS), включая сложные взаимодействия между реактивными видами кислорода (ROS), цитокинами, хемокинами и иммунными клетками. Среди них нейтрофилы способствуют устойчивому воспалению путем обезвоживания, производства ROS и высвобождения нейтрофильных внеклеточных ловушек (NETs). Внеклеточная ДНК (ecDNA), являющаяся ключевым компонентом сетей, может выступать в качестве автоантигена, стимулирующего хроническое воспаление и повреждение тканей. Кроме того, нарушение НЕТ и деградация ecDNA в результате деоксирибонуковой

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), involving complex interactions between reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines, chemokines, and immune cells. Among these, neutrophils contribute to sustained inflammation through degranulation, ROS production, and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).…

Unveiling Lung Adenocarcinoma: Non-bacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis as the Debut Sign.

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) involves the deposition of fibrin and platelets on heart valves, frequently leading to systemic embolism. The association between NBTE and cancer demands thorough investigation in cases lacking an evident cause. This case report elucidates the clinical course of a nonsmoking woman in her sixties with NBTE linked to pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The patient, who had a history of multiple sclerosis (MS) and was receiving dimethyl fumarate treatment, presented to the emergency department with stroke-like symptoms. Diagnostic challenges arose due to preexis…

Plasma periaxin is a biomarker of peripheral nerve demyelination.

Assessing disease progression and informing clinical trials in peripheral neuropathy would benefit from objective and responsive fluid bioma … GBS (n = 30, 66 time points), Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT, n = 20), CNS disease controls with multiple sclerosis (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 30). We also evaluated whether periaxin is released in myelinating co-cultures following immune-mediated demyelination and axonal damage, comparing results with uninjured cultures. Plasma periaxin effectively disti …

Optimizing premedications for multiple sclerosis patients treated with ocrelizumab: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic neurological disease, is typically managed with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) to reduce relapse rates and slow disease progression. Some of these DMTs can cause infusion-related reactions (INRRs), which range from mild symptoms to severe allergic reactions. Corticosteroids are commonly used in premedication regimens to mitigate INRRs. However, long-term use of corticosteroids carries health risks. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of a standard corticosteroid regimen with an adjusted, low-dose regimen in reducing INRRs among people…

Results of treatment with alemtuzumab in a Spanish cohort of patients with multiple sclerosis in the real world: The RealMS study.

BACKGROUND: Alemtuzumab (ALZ) is a humanized monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) administered in two annual courses. The objective of this study was to describe the effectiveness and safety data of ALZ and to report the health resource utilization in patients receiving this treatment. METHODS: In this retrospective, non-interventional study, information was retrieved from patients' medical charts at one center in Spain. Included patients were ≥18 years old, and ALZ treatment was initiated between 1 March 2…

Fingolimod синхронизирует с радиоиммунотерапией против PD-1 в экспериментальной множественной склерозовой модели путем усиления лимфатического узла и разрушения клеток CD8+T.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим нейродегенеративным аутоиммунным заболеванием, вызванным ненадлежащим активированием иммунной системы, нацеленной на антигены центральной нервной системы, например миелин. Некоторые MS-терапии контролируют болезнь за счет истощения CD20+B клеток и поглощения T лимфоцитов в лимфоузлах. Оптимальным был бы целенаправленный подход, направленный на истощение только активированных Т лимфоцитов, которые играют ключевую роль в прогрессии заболеваний. Программный белок смерти клеток 1 (PD-1) — ингибиторный рецептор, выраженный на изнурённых и не

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative autoimmune disease caused by inappropriate activation of the immune system that targets central nervous system antigens, such as myelin. Some MS therapies control the disease through the depletion of CD20+ B cells and the sequestration of T lymphocytes in lymph nodes. A targeted approach ai…

Effect of Siponimod on Brain and Spinal Cord Imaging Markers of Neurodegeneration in the Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus Model of Demyelination.

Siponimod (Sp) is a Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator, and it suppresses S1P- mediated autoimmune lymphocyte transport and inflammation. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibits inflammation-driven acute and chronic phases, spinal cord lesions, brain and spinal cord atrophy, and white matter injury. The objective of the study was to investigate whether Sp treatment could attenuate inflammation-induced pathology in the TMEV model by inhibiting microglial activation and preventing the atrophy of central nervous tissu…