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Retinitis and optic neuritis in a child with chickenpox: case report and review of literature.

In immunocompetent individuals, necrotizing retinopathy is a rare complication of chickenpox. Herein, we report on a 3-year-old immunocompetent boy who developed retinitis and optic neuritis 3 days after the onset of chickenpox and compare the findings to published cases. Since macula and optic nerve were affected, visual acuity remained poor. An early diagnosis and treatment of ocular manifestations in chickenpox is imperative for the preservation of a residual visual function and prevention of blinding secondary complications.

Frequency and prognostic impact of antibodies to aquaporin-4 in patients with optic neuritis.

BACKGROUND: Antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4-Ab) are found in 60-80% of patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO), a severely disabling inflammatory CNS disorder of putative autoimmune aetiology, which predominantly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of AQP4-Ab in patients with optic neuritis (ON), and to investigate the prognostic implications of AQP4-Ab seropositivity in such patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: AQP4-Ab serum levels were determined in 224 individuals from Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, and Turkey using a newly developed fluores…

Миэлорадикулит с менингоэнцефалопатией и оптическим неуритом в случае предыдущей инфекции хламидии.

Мы представляем случай оптического неурита и миэло-радиокульопатии, как последующее сообщество после инфекции хламидии пситтачи. 45-летняя пациентка, которая ранее страдала пситтаси пневмонией и последующим реактивным артритом, поступила в отдел неврологии с сильной головной болью, конституционными симптомами и монокулярным расстройством зрения. Клиническая экспертиза выявила точечные признаки с острыми рефлексом верхней части конечности по сравнению с нижними конечностями и мягкими левыми пирамидами. Были подняты системные подстрекательские маркеры, и серологические исследования не выявили пр

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
We present a case of optic neuritis and myelo-radiculopathy as a late association following Chlamydia psittaci infection. A 45-year-old female patient with a prior history of C psittaci pneumonia and subsequent reactive arthritis presented to the neurology unit with severe headache, constitutional symptoms and monocular disturbance in vision. Clinical examin…

Tick-borne encephalitis virus as a possible cause of optic neuritis in a dog.

A 3-year-old spayed female Siberian Husky was presented due to acute vision loss. Examination revealed bilateral optic neuritis and lymphocytic meningoencephalitis. The serum (1:800) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; 1:200) immunoglobulin (Ig)G titers for tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) were elevated as were the serum IgG titer for Anaplasma phagocytophilum (1:640) and serum IgM titer for Toxoplasma gondii (1:20). Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies such as ehrlichial or anaplasmal morulae were not observed in the CSF or blood smear. The dog was treated with methylprednisone and doxycycline. Th…

Steady-state PVECP is superior to transient PVECP in the diagnosis of optic neuritis.

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic value for optic neuritis between transient pattern visual evoked potentials (PVECP) and steady-state PVECP. SUBJECTS & METHODS: We retrospectively studied 86 eyes of 69 patients with optic neuritis who visited our clinic. PVECPs to 3 rev/sec stimulation (transient) and 12 rev/sec stimulation (steady-state), were recorded in all patients. RESULTS: All of the cases with non-recordable transient PVECP showed non recordable steady-state PVECP Conversely, the cases with non-recordable steady-state PVECP often showed measurable transient PVECP where the latency o…

[Effect of prednisolone on the course of optic neuritis. Results of a double-blind study].

The treatment of optic neuritis (ON) with corticosteroids has been controversial for many years. None of the previous studies with the usual dosage of steroids or ACTH has proven that this therapy is beneficial. However, these studies did not apply sensitive parameters for assessing the course of ON. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of corticosteroids using subtle parameters. The study design emphasized: 1. strict criteria for patient selection; 2. frequent controls during the initial period of the disease, follow-up for 1 year; 3. double-blind conditions with randomized groups;…

Progression of optic neuritis to multiple sclerosis: a prospective study in an Italian population.

We prospectively studied 40 patients with uncomplicated optic neuritis (ON) to determine the risk of subsequent multiple sclerosis (MS). All patients were followed for at least 12 years. Ten patients (25%) developed MS. Seven of these 10 patients developed MS within 2 years. Both sexes were at high risk if ON occurred between the ages of 21 and 40. There was an overall increased risk of MS with recurrent ON. The course of MS appeared to be fairly benign during the period of observation.

The role of infection and vaccination in the genesis of optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis in children.

This article describes the association between previous infection and/or vaccination and the development of optic neuritis (ON) in 18 children. Ten of these children subsequently developed clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS), while in 8 patients a clinically definite etiology could not be confirmed. Vaccination preceded the first ON attack in 6 patients, all but one of whom subsequently developed MS. It also preceded subsequent demyelinating events in 6 patients. Ten of the patients had a bacterial or viral infection within the 2 weeks prior to the first symptoms of ON. Intrathecal ant…

[Significance of the flicker test for follow-up and prognosis in optic nerve neuritis].

In 105 eyes with florid optic neuritis (ON) the sensation of brightness lessened when the frequency of flickering light was reduced to between 5 and 10 Hz, but remained stable or increased in 239 healthy eyes, 106 eyes after an ON had subsided, and 117 eyes with other diagnoses. This Aulhorn Flicker Test is highly accurate (98%) and specific. It gives pathologic results only for florid ON, and yields normal results again after the inflammation has subsided, even though other visual functions may remain reduced. The Flicker Test therefore makes it possible to distinguish between acute, recidivo…

Two cases of the diagnosis of optic neuritis leading to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

More than one of three persons with multiple sclerosis will eventually get optic neuritis during the course of their disease. In each case below, a patient presented to an optometrist with optic neuritis, the discovery of which aided in the subsequent diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. These patients exhibited most of the typical signs of optic neuritis; reduced visual acuity, Marcus Gunn pupil, central scotomata, reduced color vision, abnormal funduscopic appearance, and pain on eye movement.

[Evolution and prognosis of retrobulbar optic neuritis as the initial symptom of multiple sclerosis].

In 61 of 300 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, disease onset was retrobulbar optical neuritis. Comparing the clinical data of these patients with those of the remaining 239 cases, the following typical features were observed: in patients with optical neuropathy, disease onset is more frequently acute and course, in the early years of the disease, is in fits and starts. Recurrence frequency is higher in these patients but not significantly so. Prognosis, deduced from the analysis of degrees of invalidity, does not differ substantially between the two groups. Current techniques of diag

High diagnostic accuracy of T2FLAIR at 3 T in the detection of optic nerve head edema in acute optic neuritis.

OBJECTIVES: Optic nerve head edema (ONHE) detected by fundoscopy is observed in one-third of patients presenting optic neuritis (ON). While ONHE is an important semiological feature, the correlation between ONHE and optic nerve head MRI abnormalities (ONHMA), sometimes called "optic nerve head swelling," remains unknown. Our study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI sequence in detecting ONHE in patients with acute ON. METHODS: In the present single-center study, data were extracted from two prospective cohort studies that consecutivel…

Extraocular muscle volume index at the orbital apex with optic neuritis: a combined parameter for diagnosis of dysthyroid optic neuropathy.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the extraocular muscle volume index at the orbital apex (AMI) and the signal intensity ratio (SIR) of the optic nerve in dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON). METHODS: Clinical data and magnetic resonance imaging were collected retrospectively from 63 Graves' ophthalmopathy patients, including 24 patients with DON and 39 without DON. The volume of these structures was obtained by reconstructing their orbital fat and extraocular muscles. The SIR of the optic nerve and axial length of eyeball were also measured. The posterior 3/5 of the retrobu

Acute optic nerve lesions in first-ever NMOSD-related optic neuritis using conventional brain MRI: A Latin American multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Few studies regarding MRI-defined acute optic nerve lesions (aONL) in patients with first-ever neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)-related optic neuritis (ON) have been reported worldwide and none of them was conducted in Latin America (LATAM). Therefore, we aimed to assess the frequency of aONL at disease onset using conventional brain MRI in LATAM. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records and brain MRIs (≤30 days from ON onset) of patients with ON as first lifetime NMOSD attack. Patients from Argentina (n=48), Ecuador (n=24), Brazil (n=22), Venezuela (n=10) and Mexico…

Syphilitic Uveitis-Associated Chiasmal Optic Neuritis Presenting As Bitemporal Hemianopia-Like Visual Field Defects.

Syphilis is a systemic infectious disease that can involve both ocular tissues and the central nervous system, with syphilitic uveitis representing one of its ocular manifestations. We report a rare case of syphilitic uveitis occurring in conjunction with chiasmal optic neuritis. A 48-year-old man presented with blurred vision in the right eye and was found to have bilateral acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis with vitreous opacity in the left eye. Visual field testing demonstrated bitemporal hemianopia-like defects, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed enhancement of the opt…

Changepoint analysis of longitudinal OCT in optic neuritis: Structural stabilization dynamics and clinical correlates.

PURPOSE: To determine the timing of structural stabilization ("changepoint") in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thinning after optic neuritis (ON), and to evaluate associated clinical predictors and prognostic significance. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, 70 eyes from 56 patients with ON, including aquaporin-4 antibody-positive ON (AQP4-ON), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-positive ON (MOG-ON), multiple sclerosis-associated ON (MS-ON), and idiopathic ON (iON), were analyzed. Longitudinal pRNFL a…

Bilateral optic neuritis as an atypical presentation of juvenile Behcet syndrome: A case report.

Behcet syndrome is a systemic vasculitis characterized by relapsing uveitis, oral aphthous, and genital ulcers. We present a rare case of a 14-year-old male with juvenile Behcet syndrome (JBS) presenting as bilateral optic neuritis with oral aphthous. Initial treatment with methylprednisolone did not improve the patient's condition. Serum plasmapheresis was performed, resulting in improved visual acuity and papillitis. The patient was discharged with azathioprine, which led to symptom regression. This case highlights the atypical neurologic presentation of JBS and the potential efficacy of pla…