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The Role of Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a major cardiovascular disorder and a leading cause of vascular mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to the target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), inducing mRNA degradation or translational repression. miRNA dysregulation likely contributes to VTE pathogenesis. This review comprehensively summarizes current evidence on miRNAs in VTE, offering a structured overview of the existing literature. Mate

Individualized predictions of early isolated distal deep vein thrombosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective study.

BackgroundAlthough isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (IDDVT) is a clinical complication for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients, very few clinicians value it and few methods can predict early IDDVT. This study aimed to establish and validate an individualized predictive nomogram for the risk of early IDDVT in AIS patients.MethodsThis study enrolled 647 consecutive AIS patients who were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 431) and a validation cohort (n = 216). Based on logistic analyses in training cohort, a nomogram was constructed to predict early IDDVT. The nomogram was then va

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… A case study of a patient with leukemia who received L-asparaginase therapy described the development of vein thrombosis due to therapy-induced reductions of plasma plasminogen and antithrombin III levels in the patient [ 36 ]. … Etiologic role of low antithrombin III and plasminogen levels and therapeutic correction by fresh frozen plasma. Cancer. 1985;55(4):702–706. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19850215)55:4<702::AID-CNCR2820550405>3.0.CO;2-N. 37. Knight R, DeLap RJ, Zeldis JB. …

Thrombosis in multiple myeloma: risk stratification, antithrombotic prophylaxis, and management of acute events. A consensus-based position paper from an ad hoc expert panel.

The introduction of new therapeutic agents for multiple myeloma (MM), including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and monoclonal antibodies, has improved the outcomes of patients but, in parallel, has changed the frequency and epidemiology of thrombotic events. Thrombosis is now a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in MM patients, and optimal thromboprophylaxis is far from being reached. Moving from the recognition that the above issue represents an unmet clinical need, an expert panel assessed the scientific literature and composed a framework of recommendations for imp

Экстренные ситуации в гематологии: Почему, когда и как я лечусь?

Гематологические чрезвычайные ситуации являются критическими медицинскими условиями, требующими неотложного внимания в силу их быстрого развития и опасного для жизни характера. В качестве примера можно привести гиперкальцемию, которая часто ассоциируется с раком, таким как множественная миелома, что может привести к серьезной неврологической и сердечной дисфункции. Гиперлейкоцитоз, распространенный в острой миэлоидной лейкемии, повышает риск лейкостаза и многоорганического отказа. Кислородный кризис, обычное осложнение серповидноклеточной болезни, является результатом вазооккуляции, приводящей

Артериальный тромбоэмболизм

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… The activities of protein C, antithrombin III (AT III), and factor XIII, plasma fibrinolitic activity (PFA) were measured. The estimation of efficacy was conducted by calculation of “before‐after” changes, the therapeutical benefit (changes of attributable risk – CAR and odds ratio (OR). …

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: an Italian monocentric experience on the health assessment and eligibility of adult-related donors.

IntroductionIndications for HSCT are increasing worldwide, paralleled by a growing demand for donors of therapeutic cells.MethodsHerein, we report our real-world experience of adult HPC donor assessment during a 5-year study period (2018-2023): we have retrospectively revised data of 455 potential related stem cell donors, consecutively evaluated at our center. Donor medical history was assessed by a questionnaire and an interview with a trained physician experienced in donation procedures to evaluate donor fitness and medical history. Pre-existing health disorders were fully investigated. Beh

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… Five donors (3.2%) received a low prophylactic dose of enoxaparin the evening before stem cell apheresis because of hereditary thrombophilia without a personal medical history of venous thromboembolism (two heterozygous factor V Leiden, two protein S deficiency, and one antithrombin III deficiency). … **Heterozygous factor V Leiden (2), protein S deficiency (2), and antithrombin III deficiency (1). CVD, cardiovascular diseases; PBSC, peripheral blood stem cell; BM, bone marrow; TBV, total blood volume processed; WBC, white blood count. …

When Iron Bites Back: Severe Thrombocytopenia After Intravenous Iron Sucrose Therapy (Venofer).

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) commonly presents with normal or elevated platelet counts, while thrombocytopenia is rare. Intravenous iron sucrose (Venofer) is widely used and generally well tolerated. We report the case of a 71-year-old female with chronic IDA who developed severe thrombocytopenia following iron sucrose therapy. Baseline hemoglobin was 6.3 g/dL with a platelet count of 229 × 10³/µL. After two doses of intravenous iron, hemoglobin improved to 9.3 g/dL, but platelets rapidly declined to 11 × 10³/µL. Extensive workup excluded thrombotic microangiopathy, autoimmune disease, infecti

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… ADAMTS13 = A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif member 13; RPR = rapid plasma reagin; TIBC = total iron-binding capacity; DRVTT = dilute Russell Viper venom time; APTT = activated partial thromboplastin time; IgG = immunoglobulin; AT III = antithrombin III; S/C = serum …

Defibrotide for prophylaxis of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD) in pediatric high-risk patients: consensus guidelines from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT).

SOS/VOD is a life-threatening complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, especially in children, with incidences reaching up to 15-20%. Despite efforts, SOS/VOD remains unpredictable with significant morbidity and mortality. High-risk criteria are clearly defined, and the pediatric EBMT diagnostic criteria have improved sensitivity, reducing treatment delays and enhancing outcomes. A meta-analysis combining retrospective and prospective studies found a risk ratio of 0.30 for SOS/VOD with defibrotide (DF) prophylaxis. Additionally, two prospective trials were conducted: the pediat

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… Hepatic veno-occlusive disease in pediatric stem cell transplantation: impact of pre-emptive antithrombin III replacement and combined antithrombin III/defibrotide therapy. Haematologica. 2006;91:795–800. 32. Grupp SA, Corbacioglu S, Kang HJ, Teshima T, Khaw SL, Locatelli F, et al. …

Pediatric Sneddon syndrome presenting with early-onset liver fibrosis: a rare case report.

Sneddon syndrome (SS) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder consisting of livedo racemosa (LR) and cerebrovascular disease with an incidence of 4 per 1 000 000 annually. It may be idiopathic or associated with autoimmune or genetic factors, including deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2). We describe a 17-month-old girl with recurrent fevers, hepatosplenomegaly, LR, and progressive liver fibrosis. A pathogenic ADA2 mutation and LDLR mutation associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) were detected by genetic testing. Despite corticosteroids, etanercept, and immunosuppressants, she co

Therapeutic plasma exchange an emerging treatment modality: A 3-year retrospective analysis of patients admitted in a multispecialty hospital of North India.

Background and aimsTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is increasingly used throughout the medical field. We aimed to analyze the various aspects of TPE practices at our hospital in terms of clinical indications, technical feasibility, safety, outcome as well as complications associated with the procedures.Materials and methodsThe data included demographic profiles, clinical parameters, and technical characteristics of each TPE procedure. All the information was noted in data spread sheet (Microsoft Excel 2013) for further analysis.ResultsThis is a 3-year retrospective study of total 266 TPE pro

Endothelial dysfunction and hemostatic imbalance in CAR T-cell-associated toxicities: pathophysiological insights and the role of circulating biomarkers.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies. While its clinical efficacy is well established, CAR T-cell therapy is frequently associated with severe immune-mediated toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), coagulopathy, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-like syndrome (IEC-HS). Increasing evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction, hemostatic imbalance, and complement activation are key contributors to the pathogenesis of

Genes predisposing tunneled catheter thrombosis in hemodialysis patients.

BackgroundThis study aims to investigate the association of genes predisposing thrombophilia with tunneled catheter thrombosis in hemodialysis patients.MethodsBetween October 2018 and December 2020, we compared the frequencies of genetic polymorphisms causing thrombophilia, including prothrombin G20210A, factor V Leiden, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T, MTHFR A1298C, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), factor XIII V34L and clinical characteristics of 52 patients with a history of 2 tunneled2 tunneled catheter thrombosis occlusions within a year (Group 1; 24 males, 28 fema

Prognosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with hematologic diseases in Korea.

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate therapeutic outcomes and assess factors associated with therapeutic outcomes in hematologic patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA).MethodsWe analyzed all consecutive cases of IPA in adults with hematologic diseases from January 2008 to January 2009 at a Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Center in Seoul, Korea.ResultsA total of 54 patients were identified. Underlying diseases were acute myelogenous leukemia (n=25), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n=10), myelodysplastic syndrome (n=7), chronic myelogenous leukem

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… Intensive Care Med 2009 35 909 913 19169668 10.1007/s00134-009-1402-y 27 Pettilä V Pentti J Pettilä M Takkunen O Jousela I Predictive value of antithrombin III and serum C-reactive protein concentration in critically ill patients with suspected sepsis Crit Care Med 2002 30 271 275 11889291 10.1097/00003246 …

Optimal Treatment of Retinal Vein Occlusion: An Updated Canadian Review and Recommendations.

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) represents a heterogeneous group of disorders that remains the second most common retinal vascular disease and can be associated with vision loss. RVO confers a substantial burden of illness that affects patients, caregivers, medical systems, and physicians. Complications of RVO - including cystoid macular edema, macular ischemia, and neovascularization sequelae - may result in severe visual morbidity and blindness. Canadian expert consensus recommendations on the optimal treatment of patients with RVO were published in 2015. Since that time, advances in diagnosis

Abstract

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Updated meta-analysis on prevention of venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients.

Randomized clinical trials have evaluated the role of anticoagulants in the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in ambulatory cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. This meta-analysis is aimed at providing an updated evaluation of the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant prophylaxis in this clinical setting. Medline and Scopus were searched to retrieve randomized controlled trials on the prevention of VTE in ambulatory cancer patients. Two groups of trials were identified with VTE or death as the primary outcome, respectively. VTE was the primary outcome of this analysis. Anticoagul

Blood Coagulation and Beyond: Position Paper from the Fourth Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis.

The Fourth Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis included the following themes. Theme 1: The "coagulome" as a critical driver of cardiovascular disease. Blood coagulation proteins also play divergent roles in biology and pathophysiology, related to specific organs, including brain, heart, bone marrow, and kidney. Four investigators shared their views on these organ-specific topics. Theme 2: Novel mechanisms of thrombosis. Mechanisms linking factor XII to fibrin, including their structural and physical properties, contribute to thrombosis, which is also affected by variation in microbio

Retinal Vein Occlusion-Background Knowledge and Foreground Knowledge Prospects-A Review.

Thrombosis of retinal veins is one of the most common retinal vascular diseases that may lead to vascular blindness. The latest epidemiological data leave no illusions that the burden on the healthcare system, as impacted by patients with this diagnosis, will increase worldwide. This obliges scientists to search for new therapeutic and diagnostic options. In the 21st century, there has been tremendous progress in retinal imaging techniques, which has facilitated a better understanding of the mechanisms related to the development of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and its complications, and conseq

CRISPR-Cas9 Therapeutics in Early Clinical Development: Delivery and Molecular Diagnostics.

CRISPR-Cas9 has progressed from an experimental tool to a therapeutic modality, marked by the first regulatory approvals of an ex vivo-edited autologous CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell product that induces fetal hemoglobin (CASGEVY/exa-cel). In this narrative review, we synthesize modality-specific molecular diagnostic strategies used across early CRISPR clinical translation. In parallel, early clinical experience has begun to demonstrate the feasibility of in vivo editing, including subretinal delivery for CEP290-associated inherited retinal degeneration (EDIT-101 programme) and hepatocyte-targ

Principles of Therapeutic Apheresis in Neurological Disease.

BackgroundTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a well-known apheresis technology since many years and is available worldwide. Myasthenia gravis is one of the first neurological diseases successfully treated with TPE. TPE is also frequently applied in acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (Guillain-Barré syndrome). Both neurological disorders are immunologically mediated and might cause life-threatening symptoms in patients.SummaryThere is a large body of evidence from many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that the application of TPE in myasthenia gravis crisis or in acute