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Abstracts of the 3rd International Conference on Cancer Cachexia, September 23–25, 2016 in Washington, DC, USA

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… Zimmers, PhD Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana, USA The concurrent advancement of cancer cachexia science and oncology clinical practice Vickie E Baracos University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada Cancer treatment planning is based on assessments of the degree to which the disease … Zimmers 1,2,3,4,5 1 Department of Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 2 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 3 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 4 IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University …

A Replication-Competent Vesicular Stomatitis Virus for Studies of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Mediated Cell Entry and Its Inhibition.

There is an urgent need for vaccines and therapeutics to prevent and treat COVID-19. Rapid SARS-CoV-2 countermeasure development is contingent on the availability of robust, scalable, and readily deployable surrogate viral assays to screen antiviral humoral responses, define correlates of immune protection, and down-select candidate antivirals. Here, we generate a highly infectious recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) bearing the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S as its sole entry glycoprotein and show that this recombinant virus, rVSV-SARS-CoV-2 S, closely resembles SARS-CoV-2 in its en

Virus-induced non-specific signals cause cell cycle progression of primed CD8(+) T cells but do not induce cell differentiation.

In this report the significance of virus-induced non-specific T cell activation was re-evaluated using transgenic mice in which about half of the CD8(+) T cells expressed a TCR specific for amino acids 33-41 of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein I. This allowed tracing of cells with known specificity and priming history in an environment also containing a normal heterogeneous CD8(+) population which served as an intrinsic control. Three parameters of T cell activation were analyzed: cell cycle progression, phenotypic conversion and cytolytic activity. Following injection of the IF

Periodontal Disease and Systemic Diseases: An Update for the Clinician.

A link between periodontal disease and various systemic diseases has been investigated for several years. Interest in unearthing such a link has grown as the health care profession is looking for a better understanding of disease processes and their relationships to periodontal and other oral diseases. The article aims to provide recent information on the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic diseases such as; cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, musculoskeletal, and reproductive system related abnormalities.

Periodontal maintenance therapy: an integral part of dental practice. Case reports on three periodontally involved patients.

Periodontal maintenance therapy is an integral aspect of any general dental or specialist practice. Numerous studies have indicated that periodontal therapy in the absence of a carefully designed maintenance program invariably results in the relapse of the disease condition. Accordingly, dental practices that provide periodontal care without a maintenance program deal with significant patient management and disease management issues. In this article, three cases are presented with varying levels of disease severity but all sharing the common trait of having being enrolled in a good maintenance

Development of an oro-antral fistula following sinus elevation surgery: a case report on management using platelet-rich plasma.

The aim of this case report is to present the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the management of an oro-antral fistula occurring as a complication of lateral wall sinus augmentation. Currently, platelet-rich plasma is being used in periodontal and oral surgical practices in a wide variety of applications. The patient in this case report developed an oro-antral fistula following sinus augmentation. This was treated using platelet-rich plasma combined with a flap approach. Following clinical healing, three single-stage implants were placed and restored. Clinical and histologic results are di

Penetrating trauma-induced orbital floor fracture. Case report.

Orbital floor fractures are common in midface trauma. While the mechanism which produces them is subject to debate, they are acknowledged to be difficult to diagnose solely through clinical means. In presenting the case of an orbital blow-out fracture caused by penetrating trauma, the author describes the successful diagnosis and surgical treatment of a "pure" fracture in which no globe trauma occurred.

Periodontal disease and systemic disease. Clinical information for the practicing dentist.

The relationship between periodontal and systemic disease, previously called the "focal infection theory" or "focus of infection," has become an exciting area of clinical and laboratory research. Periodontal disease has been reported to influence diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and respiratory disease. It also can influence the course and duration of pregnancy. This article reviews some of these associations and proposed mechanisms by which periodontal disease and systemic conditions influence each other. We also discuss clinical implications for our daily practice in

Emotional factors in temporomandibular joint disorders.

The chronic pain of many temporomandibular disorders is associated with multiple changes in emotional function and activities of daily living. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are similar to other chronic pain disorders in their impact on patients. Depression is probably the most common emotional state associated with chronic pain, although anxiety disorders also can be associated with TMD. The probability of emotional problems appears to be greatest in those individuals diagnosed with myofascial pain and least in those with disk displacement. Dental practitioners are encouraged to seek profe

Screening and medical evaluation of adults: contraindications for invasive dental procedures.

Implant and preprosthetic surgeries aim to restore normal anatomical contours, function, comfort, esthetics, and oral health. Systemic screening of a patient prior to implant and/or biomaterial insertion is critical to patient well being and success of the surgical procedure(s). It is no longer appropriate to limit the general contraindications to the malfunction of major organs and systems and not consider the devastating long-term effects of an unhealthy lifestyle (smoking, inadequate diet, etc.). Modern standards of care should not systematically exclude patients with relative or marginal h

Improving prosthetic results through periodontal procedures.

The purpose of this article is to discuss how the periodontist can aid the restorative dentist in achieving the best prosthetic result. The procedures discussed include: surgical crown lengthening to provide access to subgingival preparation margins, esthetic gingival contouring to blend gingival architecture with tooth shape, esthetic root coverage by gingival grafts, grafting to prevent loss of alveolar plates in extraction sockets and preservation or correction of the alveolar ridge.