Результаты поиска

Large-scale computational modelling of H5 influenza variants against HA1-neutralising antibodies.

BACKGROUND: The United States Department of Agriculture has recently released reports that show samples collected from 2022 to 2025 of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) have been detected in mammals and birds. Up to February 2025, the United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention reports that there have been 67 humans infected with H5N1 since 2024 with 1 death. The broader potential impact on human health remains unclear. METHODS: In this study, we computationally model 1804 protein complexes consisting of various H5 isolates from 1959 to 2024 against 11 haemagglutinin domai

Intranasal Administration of Cold-Adapted Live-Attenuated Eurasian Avian-like H1N1 Vaccine Candidate Confers Protection Against Different-Lineage H1N1 Viruses in Mice.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 swine influenza viruses, with their persistent evolution and zoonotic potential, seriou … evolving EA H1N1 SIVs and zoonotic H1N1 variants, which is crucial for swine influenza control and pandemic preparedness.

SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor ensitrelvir: asymmetrical cross-resistance with nirmatrelvir and emerging resistance hotspots.

SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) inhibitors are the first-line COVID-19 treatment. Nirmatrelvir is used worldwide, while ensitrelvir, license … ir. This comparative resistance analysis can inform COVID-19 treatment strategies and contribute to pandemic preparedness.

Surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections using ICD-10 diagnosis codes and national electronic health records, Denmark, 2022 to 2024.

BACKGROUNDThe COVID-19 pandemic underscored the need and value of a standardised and timely surveillance system for severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) to inform epidemic preparedness and response.AIMWe aimed to develop an automated SARI surveillance system using electronic health records retrieved from pre-existing national health registers in Denmark.METHODSWe used the Danish Civil Register, the Danish National Patient Register and the Danish Microbiology Database to set up the system. First, we determined a SARI case definition for surveillance, choosing among six different potential

Operational Costs and Revenue Dynamics of Repurposing a Public Hospital into a COVID-19 Isolation Centre in Kenya: A Facility-Based Case Study.

Isolation facilities are essential to pandemic response, yet the economic trade-offs of repurposing existing hospitals remain poorly characterised. This study quantifies both the operational costs and the revenue foregone from converting Tigoni Level 4 Hospital (TL4H) into Kiambu County's sole COVID-19 isolation centre. Our study focused on estimating recurrent and labour costs, considering only capital costs incurred during the study period. We conducted a cost analysis at the facility level, assessing all expenditures incurred by TL4H between June 2020 and February 2022, using an activity-ba

Development of a Novel Homogeneous Liposome-Based One-Step Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Detection in Human Serum Based on Fluorescent Liposomes and Complement Activity.

Monitoring antibodies in patient serum enables the diagnosis of infectious and chronic diseases, the assessment of an individual's immune status, and possible protection against infection and could thus be a ubiquitous tool for pandemic preparedness and personalized medicine. Advancing from the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a homogeneous assay format was developed that simplifies assay procedures and enables a wash-free one-step performance. SARS-CoV-2 was chosen as the model virus, and its Spike protein-derived receptor binding domain (RBD) was covalently coupled to f…

Global health at crossroads: uniting together to overcome challenges, restore trust and advance priorities for a sustainable future.

The world is currently facing an unprecedented convergence of crises that threaten the core pillars of public health, scientific integrity, and social stability. These challenges are profoundly interconnected and have the potential to exacerbate global inequalities, jeopardize health security, and undermine the progress achieved through decades of international collaboration. Our viewpoint declaration, developed by 366 healthcare workers and scientists from 119 countries across six continents, highlights the urgent need for global solidarity and collective action to address these interconnecte

Sumac Polyphenols as Pan-Herpesvirus Inhibitors.

Pandemic preparedness is a complex of threat-agnostic countermeasures developed in advance which would be efficient against a future outbreak regardless of its causative agent, and broad-spectrum antivirals constitute a critical component of this complex. Plant polyphenols are known to suppress viruses of unrelated families by acting on multiple viral and cellular structures. We therefore searched for broad-spectrum antivirals among polyphenols that have been confirmed as safe to humans. The ellagitannin geraniin and galloylglucose constituents of the drug Rutan (1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-…

The Unprecedented Influenza Epidemic of 2024/2025: Overshadowing the COVID-19 Winter Wave and Exploring Viral Interference.

BACKGROUND: In winter 2024/2025, one of the most severe U.S. influenza epidemics since 2017, with 82 million illnesses and ~ 130,000 deaths, eclipsed a comparatively subdued SARS-CoV-2 wave (~ 20 million infections, ~540,000 hospitalizations, ~63,000 COVID-19 deaths), a hypothesis supported by existing CDC data and virological models. HYPOTHESIS: Influenza's robust interferon response might have contributed to suppression of SARS-CoV-2 replication, creating an antiviral environment that delayed COVID-19's winter surge. EVIDENCE: In vitro studies demonstrate influenza interference with SARS-C

Association of Covid-19 vaccination uptake with recorded self-harm, neurodevelopmental disorders and mental health conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic: A nationwide e-cohort study in Wales, UK.

BACKGROUND: Understanding COVID-19 vaccine uptake among individuals who self-harm or with mental health conditions is critical to addressing health inequalities and guiding public health strategies/pandemic preparedness. Evidence on temporal trends and sociodemographic factors shaping vaccine uptake within these populations remains limited. METHODS: We linked Wales Immunisation System data to demographic and healthcare records for 2.2 million individuals. Using modified Poisson regressions and growth models, we explored the association between self-harm, neurodevelopmental disorders, mental h…

Associations between disability status and stressors experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic among women with a recent live birth, 2020.

BACKGROUND: Women with disability face more stressors around the time of pregnancy than women without disability. Limited research exists on stressors experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant and postpartum women with and without disability. OBJECTIVE: Examine the association between disability status and experiencing certain COVID-19 stressors among women with a recent live birth. METHODS: We analyzed Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data from 14 jurisdictions implementing the Disability and Maternal COVID-19 Experiences supplement surveys among women with a live b

Protecting our frontline: vaccination policies for health care workers in the Americas.

OBJECTIVE: This paper explores vaccination policies for health care workers (HCWs) in effect in all 35 Pan American Health Organization (PAH … ionalizing emergency mechanisms will be critical for addressing vaccine hesitancy and ensuring both pandemic preparedness and routine care continuity.

Эпидемиологический анализ и потенциальные факторы, влияющие на вспышку геморрагической лихорадки Крым-Конго в 2022-23 годах в Ираке.

Крымско-конголезская геморрагическая лихорадка (CFV) является острым заболеванием, передаваемым тиками, при этом смертность среди людей достигает 40%, что создает серьезную угрозу для здоровья. В этом исследовании анализируются вспышки 2022-23 CFV в Ираке - самые высокие, зарегистрированные на сегодняшний день, - и анализируются потенциальные факторы на стыке " человек - животное - окружающая среда " . Данные, полученные от иракского правительства, Всемирной организации здравоохранения и Всемирного банка, были использованы для анализа тенденций и факторов, влияющих на деятельность КУ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute tick-borne disease with a case fatality rate of up to 40% in humans, posing a significant … ernment has adopted such a control strategy, contributing to regional and global efforts to enhance pandemic preparedness.

Integrative computational approaches in the quest for novel Ebolavirus therapeutics.

INTRODUCTION: Ebolavirus (EBOV) is a highly pathogenic member of the Filoviridae family, causing severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortalit … ies can accelerate the development of robust, deployable EBOV therapeutics and serve as a model for pandemic preparedness against other high-risk pathogens.

New Orleans school meal programs during the COVID-19 pandemic: challenges and innovations identified through qualitative interviews.

BACKGROUND: School meal programs are critical to reducing childhood food insecurity. This study identified challenges and innovations in school meal service in a disaggregated charter school system during COVID-19 in New Orleans, Louisiana. METHODS: Semi-structured qualitative key informant interviews were conducted with school officials and school food providers. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded. Using an immersion-crystallization approach, patterns were identified. RESULTS: Nine participants described challenges and solutions/innovations in food service focused around five

Detection of Influenza in Managed Quarantine in Australia and the Estimated Risk of Importation.

BACKGROUND: Influenza circulated at historically low levels during 2020/2021 due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic travel restrictions. In Australia, international arrivals were required to undergo a 14-day hotel quarantine to limit new introduction of SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We usedtesting data for travelers arriving on repatriation flights to Darwin, Australia, from 3 January 2021 to 11 October 2021 to identify importations of influenza virus into Australia. We used this information to estimate the risk of a case exiting quarantine while still infectious.

Analysis of avian influenza A (H3N8) viruses in poultry and their zoonotic potential, China, September 2021 to May 2022.

BackgroundTwo human cases of avian influenza A (H3N8) virus infection were reported in China in 2022.AimTo characterise H3N8 viruses circula … l-over infections in humans is important to strengthen early-warning systems and maintain influenza pandemic preparedness.

Whole Genome Sequencing for Rapid Characterization of Rabies Virus Using Nanopore Technology.

Genomic data can be used to track the transmission and geographic spread of infectious diseases. However, the sequencing capacity required f … for other pathogens, helping to build a versatile genomic capacity that contributes to epidemic and pandemic preparedness.

Postvention as Prevention: Coping with Loss at School.

Many Pre-K through grade 12 (PK-12) students have experienced traumatic events throughout the pandemic in a myriad of ways including the death of family members and peers, loss of social interaction and increased violence at home. The consequences can be traumatic and manifest themselves in fear, anxiety, anger, isolation, and loneliness. Too often this leads to depression, anxiety, grief, substance use disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicidal ideation and even suicides. This study assesses the impact of an innovative virtual human role-play simulation that prepares PK-12 educators,

An optimized cell-based assay to assess influenza virus replication by measuring neuraminidase activity and its applications for virological surveillance.

Year-round virological characterization of circulating epidemic influenza viruses is conducted worldwide to detect the emergence of viruses that may escape pre-existing immunity or acquire resistance to antivirals. High throughput phenotypic assays are needed to complement the sequence-based analysis of circulating viruses and improve pandemic preparedness. The recent entry of a polymerase inhibitor, baloxavir, into the global market further highlighted this need. Here, we optimized a cell-based assay that considerably streamlines antiviral and antigenic testing by replacing lengthy immunostai…