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Genetic Characterization of Orientia tsutsugamushi, Bhutan, 2015.

We performed molecular characterization of Orientia tsutsugamushi on DNA sequences from 5 patients from Bhutan with scrub typhus. In the 56 kDa gene, all isolates aligned with those from other Asia countries, including Nepal, India, Thailand, and Taiwan. High serum IgM titers correlated with PCR positivity in acutely ill patients.

A life threatening rash, an unexpected cause.

We describe a 74-year-old man with purpura fulminans and altered sensorium following an acute febrile illness. Intensive sepsis management was to no avail, until institution of doxycycline therapy following confirmation of scrub typhus. Empirical doxycycline needs to be considered in endemic areas for patients presenting with purpura fulminans.

Rickettsial infection with hemophagocytosis.

A five-year-old girl admitted with scrub typhus developed multiple organ dysfunction associated with hyperferritinaemia, hypofibrinogenaemia and hyperlipidaemia. Bone marrow aspiration studies confirmed haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). HLH is a syndrome characterized by the uncontrolled activation and proliferation of macrophages and T-cells and can occur together with infections, connective tissue disorders, malignancies and genetic disorders.

Sennetsu Neorickettsiosis, Spotted Fever Group, and Typhus Group Rickettsioses in Three Provinces in Thailand.

We estimated the seroprevalence and determined the frequency of acute infections with Neorickettsia sennetsu, spotted fever group rickettsiae, Rickettsia typhi, and Orientia tsutsugamushi among 2,225 febrile patients presenting to community hospitals in three rural Thailand provinces during 2002-2005. The seroprevalence was 0.2% for sennetsu neorickettsiosis (SN), 0.8% for spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae, 4.2% for murine typhus (MT), and 4.2% for scrub typhus (ST). The frequency of acute infections was 0.1% for SN, 0.6% for SFG, 2.2% for MT, and 1.5% for ST. Additional studies to confirm…

Rickettsial diseases of the Far East: new perspectives.

The rickettsial disease of man found only in Asia is mite-borne (scrub) typhus, caused by Rickettsia tsutsugamushi. Unique to southern Japan is a little-known human mononucleosis-like disease caused by Rickettsia sennetsu. In 1981 and 1982, there was a remarkable resurgence in the number of reported cases of mite-borne typhus in Japan after some years of virtual absence. Recent studies of R sennetsu have resulted in its reclassification to the genus Ehrlichia, members of which until now have been exclusively pathogens of animals. The historical background of ecologic investigations, in Malaysi

Usefulness of next-generation sequencing for laboratory diagnosis of rickettsiosis.

Rickettsiosis includes a diversity of culture-negative non-specific systemic infections. Laboratory diagnosis of rickettsiosis is often not easy. In this 12-month study, six patients with a variety of rickettsia infections of the spotted fever group, typhus group and scrub typhus were diagnosed directly or indirectly by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). The patient with Japanese spotted fever was rapidly made when mNGS analysis of the patient's blood revealed Rickettsia japonica sequences. For the two patients with Rickettsia felis chest infections, the bacterium was detected in t…

Surveillance of Vector-Borne Zoonotic Diseases in South Korea: Uncovering Novel Pathogen Carriers Among Rodents and Mites Nationwide.

Wild rodents and their ectoparasites are known reservoirs for various zoonotic pathogens, highlighting the need for detailed studies into their roles in disease transmission. Our research investigated the spatial distribution of rodents and their ectoparasites to better understand the epidemiology of vector-borne zoonotic diseases (VBZDs), including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), Lyme disease, Q fever, and scrub typhus. We analyzed samples from 540 rodents and 6785 mites, detecting the presence of Borrelia spp., the causative agent of Lyme disease, in 0.9% of rodents and S…

Outer Membrane Protein A Conservation among Orientia tsutsugamushi Isolates Suggests Its Potential as a Protective Antigen and Diagnostic Target.

Scrub typhus threatens one billion people in the Asia-Pacific area and cases have emerged outside this region. It is caused by infection with any of the multitude of strains of the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. A vaccine that affords heterologous protection and a commercially-available molecular diagnostic assay are lacking. Herein, we determined that the nucleotide and translated amino acid sequences of outer membrane protein A (OmpA) are highly conserved among 51 O. tsutsugamushi isolates. Molecular modeling revealed the predicted tertiary structure of O. tsutsugamushi OmpA to be very si…

An autotransporter protein from Orientia tsutsugamushi mediates adherence to nonphagocytic host cells.

Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus, is an obligate intracellular pathogen whose mechanism of cellular adhesion and invasion is poorly characterized. Bioinformatic analyses of two O. tsutsugamushi genomes revealed the presence of a group of genes that encode autotransporter proteins. In this study, we identified 10 autotransporter gene products and categorized them into five groups of orthologs (ScaA to ScaE) based on their sequence similarities. Sequence homology was highest between members of ScaC group, suggesting the functional conservation of bacterium-host interac…

Текущие инструменты для диагностики и обнаружения группы Рикиттсиа.

Рикетсиа (SFG) вызывает у людей по всему миру ряд заболеваний, которые могут варьироваться от легкого до смертельного. Поскольку клинические представления рикетсиосов, вызываемые рикетсией СФГ, являются переменными и могут быть аналогичны болезням, вызываемым другими рикеттсиаами, такими, как Orictia tsutsugamushi (агент для скруба тифа), Coxiella riptetii (агент для лихорадки Q) и тиф-группой рикетсиа (агенты для эпидемического и муслинового тайфуса), точный диагноз инфекций, вызываемых СФГ Рикиттсия, по-прежнему сопряжен с трудностями, особенно в условиях нехватки ресурсов в развивающихся ст

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae causes a number of diseases in humans worldwide, which can range from mild to highly lethal. Since the clinical presentations of rickettsioses caused by SFG rickettsiae are variable and may be similar to the diseases caused by other rickettsiae, such as Orientia tsutsugamushi (agent for scrub typhus), Coxiella burnetii (…

Geography and prevalence of rickettsial infections in Northern Tamil Nadu, India: a cross-sectional study.

Rickettsial infections and Q fever are a common cause of acute febrile illness globally. Data on the role of climate and altitude on the prevalence of these infections in lacking from Southern India. In this study, we determined the sero-prevalence of scrub typhus (ST), spotted fever (SF), murine typhus (MT) and Q Fever (QF) in 8 eight geographical regions of North Tamil Nadu by detecting IgG antibodies using ELISA. Totally we tested 2565 people from 86 localities. Among the 27.3% positives, approximately 5% were IgG positive for two or more infections. Sero-prevalence to rickettsioses and Q f…

Detection of Orientia sp. DNA in rodents from Asia, West Africa and Europe.

Orientia bacterium is the agent of the scrub typhus, a seriously neglected life-threatening disease in Asia. Here, we report the detection of DNA of Orientia in rodents from Europe and Africa. These findings have important implications for public health. Surveillance outside Asia, where the disease is not expected by sanitary services, needs to be improved.

Abundance and Infestation of Mites on Bower's White-Toothed Rat (Berylmys bowersi) in Southwest China.

Chiggers (chigger mites) and gamasid mites are two groups of ectoparasites on rodents, and they can be the vectors or potential vectors of scrub typhus and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), while Bower's white-toothed rat (Berylmys bowersi) can serve as the reservoir host of the diseases. Based on field investigations at 117 survey sites of southwest China, a total of 2512 mites were collected from 55 B. bowersi rats. Under a microscope, these mites were taxonomically identified as 56 distinct species, comprising 37 chigger mite species and 19 gamasid mite species. The mite infesta…

Инфекция Рикитта среди военного персонала, развернутого в северной части Шри-Ланки.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Военный персонал, развернутый на местах, сообщает о частых укусах клещей. Поэтому они могут подвергаться риску воздействия рикетсиальных организмов. МЕТОДЫ: Для оценки риска воздействия рикетсиальных организмов были расследованы две группы военнослужащих, которые были развернуты в полевых операциях в Нотерн-Шри-Ланке. Первая группа была изучена с целью оценки распространенности рикетсиосов, и в ее состав входили военнослужащие, которые были допущены после получения ранений в ходе полевых операций. Вторая группа была изучена с целью выявления случаев острых рикетсиосов в

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Military personnel deployed in field actvities report on frequent tick bites. Therefore they may run the risk of exposure to ric … brile presentations. They were tested with IFA-IgG against spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFG), scrub typhus (ST) and murine typhus. RESULTS: In the first group, 48/57 (84%) military personnel had serological evidence of exposure to rickettsioses (in all, IFA-IgG titer ≥ 1:128): 33/50 (66%) to SFG rickettsioses, 1/50 (2%) to ST and 14/50 (28%) had mixed t …

An Interesting Case of Wernicke's Encephalopathy in Co-Existence With Tropical Infections: A Case Report.

Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological disorder arising from thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency, characterized by a classic triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and altered mental status. While it is more common in males, it can occur in various contexts, including pregnancy. Leptospirosis, a zoonotic infection, can co-occur with other illnesses such as scrub typhus. We present a case of a 27-year-old primigravida in her second trimester who developed WE, presenting with altered sensorium, fever, and neurological deficits. Initial examination revealed ophthalmoplegia and confusion,…

Role of hinge motion and ATP dynamics in factors for inversion stimulation FIS protein deduced while targeting drug resistant Orientia tsutsugamushi.

Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus has been found resistant to various classes of antibiotics such as penicillins, gentamycin and cephalosporins. Review of current literature suggests that the prevalence of scrub typhus has increased globally. Therefore, the current study has aimed at exploring the genome of O. tsutsugamushi to identify potential drug target proteins that can be used for developing novel antibiotics against the pathogen. Subtractive proteomics approach has revealed FIS as a potential drug target protein involved in two component system (TCS), a signali…

Leptospira collagenase and LipL32 for antibody detection in leptospirosis.

Various Leptospira components have been identified as candidate antigens for the detection of antibody to Leptospira. LipL32 is a Leptospira … rs of sera from human leptospirosis patients were tested. Sera from blood donors, and patients with scrub typhus and dengue virus infection (20 samples from each group) were tested for the specificity. All sera from leptospirosis patients tested in this study reacted with both ColA and LipL32 proteins. Sera from blood donors, patients with scrub typhus and den …

[A study on immunity in tsutsugamushi disease].

The immune response in human tsutsugamushi disease (scrub typhus) was studied. Anti-rickettsial activity of sera, peripheral mononuclear cells and their culture supernatants from patients on in vitro growth of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi proliferating in normal human peripheral macrophages was examined. The results obtained were as follows. 1) Sera from patients at the early convalescent stage, which exhibited high antibody titers against R. tsutsugamushi, effectively inhibited their growth in macrophages. 2) Sera from patients after a long period from the onset showed low antibody titers and did…

Protection of Military Personnel Against Vector-Borne Diseases: A Review of Collaborative Work of the Australian and US Military Over the Last 30 Years.

Australian and US military medical services have collaborated since World War II to minimize vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and scrub typhus. In this review, collaboration over the last 30 years is discussed. The collaborative projects and exchange scientist programs have resulted in mutually beneficial outcomes in the fields of drug development and personal protection measures against vector-borne diseases.