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Clinico-haematobiochemical and cardiac alterations in Trypanosoma evansi infected buffaloes of Andhra Pradesh, India.

The present research aimed to document the incidence, clinical signs, haematological, and serum biochemical alterations, as well as electroc … rs, vascular congestion, perivascular mono nuclear cell infiltration and augmented thickness of the endocardium with fibroblast cell proliferation. The study's conclusion highlights cardiac alterations as secondary complications in buffaloes infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Further investigations are recommended to elucidate therapeutic modifications and ref …

Linking cell function with perfusion: insights from the transcatheter delivery of bone marrow-derived CD133+ cells in ischemic refractory cardiomyopathy trial (RECARDIO).

BACKGROUND: Cell therapy with bone marrow (BM)-derived progenitors has emerged as a promising therapeutic for refractory angina (RA) patients. In the present study, we evaluated the safety and preliminary efficacy of transcatheter delivery of autologous BM-derived advanced therapy medicinal product CD133+ cells (ATMP-CD133) in RA patients, correlating perfusion outcome with cell function. METHODS: In the phase I "Endocavitary Injection of Bone Marrow Derived CD133+ Cells in Ischemic Refractory Cardiomyopathy" (RECARDIO) trial, a total of 10 patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (eje

Endomyocardial Fibrosis With End-Stage Heart Failure as a Consequence of a Myeloproliferative Neoplasm With Hypereosinophilia.

Hypereosinophilic syndrome is characterized by an overproduction of eosinophils that infiltrate and damage multiple organs. Cardiac dysfunction occurs frequently and is a main cause of morbidity and mortality. We describe the case of a middle-aged man diagnosed with a myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with hypereosinophilia and treated with imatinib. He was diagnosed with cardiac involvement by hypereosinophilic syndrome at a late stage, with an established restrictive cardiomyopathy. Because of end-stage heart failure, he successfully received a heart transplant. This disease might not b

Equivalent performance of epicardial versus endocardial permanent pacing in children: a single institution and manufacturer experience.

BACKGROUND: Children requiring permanent pacing have a lifelong need for follow-up. Epicardial leads have traditionally fared worse than endocardial counterparts. We tested the hypothesis that steroid-eluting epicardial and endocardial leads had equivalent outcomes. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of 148 children, mean age 8.2 +/- 4.8 years, in whom a dual-chamber pacemaker system with steroid-eluting leads from a single manufacturer was implanted. Primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included freedom from lead failure and pacemaker system reintervention. Loss of capture-sen

Mechanisms causing coronary microvascular dysfunction following crystalloid cardioplegia and reperfusion.

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to examine the mechanisms of coronary microvascular dysfunction during cardiopulmonary bypass and ischaemic arrest using a crystalloid cardioplegic solution. METHODS: Porcine hearts were arrested with cold hyperkalaemic (K+ = 25 mmol.litre-1) cardioplegic solution for 1 h during cardiopulmonary bypass and then reperfused for 1 h. Selected hearts were arrested but not reperfused. Coronary vessels of non-instrumented pigs were used as controls. In vitro vascular responses of subepicardial and subendocardial arterioles were examined in a pressurised (40 mm Hg) no flow stat

[A long-term follow-up study on the clinical treatment of 75 cases with primary endocardial fibroelastosis].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze the effects of treatment and prognosis of infants with endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) in different sta … FE patients, the span was four years on the average (1 - 8 years), the percentage of patients whose endocardium became normal 1 year, 3 years, 5 years and 10 years after treatment was 9.85% (6/61), 22.2% (10/45), 51.2% (21/41), 100% (29/29). CONCLUSION: The long-term continuous normal treatment of patients with EFE showed good therapeutic effects. For severe …

[Influence of pacing site on myocardial transmural dispersion of repolarization in intact normal and dilated cardiomyopathy dogs].

In order to verify the hypothesis that left ventricular epicardial (LV-Epi) pacing and biventricular (BiV) pacing unavoidably influence the … mid-layer myocardium were recorded synchronously in 8 normal and 5 DCM-CHF dogs during pacing from endocardium of RV apex (RV-Endo), epicardium of LV anterior wall (LV-Epi) and simultaneously both of the above (biventricular, BiV), the later was similar to the ventricular resynchronization therapy to congestive heart failure patients in clinic. The Tp-Te) me …

Computed tomography imaging to quantify the area of the endocardial subvalvular apparatus in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - Relationship to outflow tract obstruction and symptoms.

BACKGROUND: Abnormalities of the endocardial subvalvular apparatus (SVA), which includes the papillary muscles directly attached to the mitral leaflet and left ventricular apical-basal muscle bundles, are occasionally identified in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Their associations with left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction are unknown. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed cardiac computed tomography image data sets of 107 consecutive patients with HCM [56 obstructive (HOCM) and 51 non-obstructive (HNOCM)] as well as 53 controls. We evaluated anomalies of the SVA, measured the

Quantification of biventricular myocardial function using cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking, endocardial border delineation and echocardiographic speckle tracking in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot and healthy controls.

BACKGROUND: Parameters of myocardial deformation have been suggested to be superior to conventional measures of ventricular function in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), but have required non-routine, tagged cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) techniques. We assessed biventricular myocardial function using CMR cine-based feature tracking (FT) and compared it to speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and to simple endocardial border delineation (EBD). In addition, the relation between parameters of myocardial deformation and clinical parameters was assessed. METHODS: Overall, 28 co

Association of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Myocardial Perfusion Grade with cardiovascular magnetic resonance measures of infarct architecture after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) routinely restores normal epicardial flow among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, impairment of myocardial perfusion frequently persists. The goal of this analysis was to determine whether impaired myocardial perfusion was associated with cardiovascular magnetic resonance-defined abnormalities in infarct architecture, including infarct size (IS), infarct surface area (ISA), infarct border zone (IBZ), and infarct complexity (IC). METHODS: Thirty-one patients with STEMI treated with pPCI were

The conditional inactivation of the beta-catenin gene in endothelial cells causes a defective vascular pattern and increased vascular fragility.

Using the Cre/loxP system we conditionally inactivated beta-catenin in endothelial cells. We found that early phases of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis were not affected in mutant embryos; however, vascular patterning in the head, vitelline, umbilical vessels, and the placenta was altered. In addition, in many regions, the vascular lumen was irregular with the formation of lacunae at bifurcations, vessels were frequently hemorrhagic, and fluid extravasation in the pericardial cavity was observed. Cultured beta-catenin -/- endothelial cells showed a different organization of intercellular junct

A role for thrombin receptor signaling in endothelial cells during embryonic development.

The coagulation protease thrombin triggers fibrin formation, platelet activation, and other cellular responses at sites of tissue injury. We report a role for PAR1, a protease-activated G protein-coupled receptor for thrombin, in embryonic development. Approximately half of Par1-/- mouse embryos died at midgestation with bleeding from multiple sites. PAR1 is expressed in endothelial cells, and a PAR1 transgene driven by an endothelial-specific promoter prevented death of Par1-/- embryos. Our results suggest that the coagulation cascade and PAR1 modulate endothelial cell function in developing

Induction immunotherapy in heart transplantation with T10B9.1A-31: a phase I study.

Cytolytic induction therapy of heart transplantation with OKT3 (immunoglobulin G2a isotype, anti CD3 idiotype) or T10B9.1A-31 (immunoglobulin MK isotype, anti-T-cell receptor alpha beta idiotype) was done in an open-label trial to determine the safety and efficacy of the latter monoclonal antibody. A total of nine patients undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation received a 10-day course of either T10B9.1A-31 (T10B9) (n = 4) 18 mg on bypass and 6 mg intravenously every 12 hours or OKT3 (n = 5) 10 mg on cardiopulmonary bypass and 5 mg intravenously daily. Endomyocardial biopsy surveillance r

Outcomes of cardiac transplantation in highly sensitized pediatric patients.

Despite aggressive immunosuppressive therapy, pediatric orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) candidates with elevated pre-transplant panel reactive antibody (PRA) carry an increased risk of rejection and early graft failure following transplantation. This study has aimed to more specifically evaluate the outcomes of transplant candidates stratified by PRA values. Records of pediatric patients listed for OHT between April 2004 and July 2008 were reviewed (n = 101). Survival analysis was performed comparing patients with PRA < 25 to those with PRA > 25, as well as patients with PRA < 80 and PRA > 8

[Is Na+Ca(2+) exchanger expression altered in the endomyocardium of patients with chronic heart valve diseases parallel to myocardial dysfunction?].

BACKGROUND: Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger (EXCH) is an important regulator of intracellular calcium homeostasis. To maintain a normal intracellular Ca2+ concentration, EXCH expression may be upregulated before the onset of end-stage heart failure. We tested for a correlation between the EXCH transcription level and the degree of myocardial dysfunction as well as the suitability of EXCH transcription as a molecular marker for early detection of a transition from adequate to inadequate myocardial adaptation to chronic pressure and/or volume overload in valvular heart disease (VHD). METHODS: The level of

Obstructive Intramural Coronary Amyloidosis: Uncommon or Under-Recognized Cause of Microvascular Angina?

BACKGROUND: Obstructive intramural coronary amyloidosis (OICA) can be the unique manifestation of cardiac amyloidosis (CA). The clinical onset may mimic ischemic heart disease as microvascular angina or myocardial infarction. CASE SUMMARY: We report an 83-year-old man with long-standing angina, recurrent ischemic symptoms, and persistently elevated troponin levels despite normal coronary angiographies, negative bone scintigraphy, and nondiagnostic cardiac magnetic resonance. Given the clinical suspicion for CA, endomyocardial biopsy was performed and showed extensive transthyretin amyloid dep

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… Amyloid deposits can involve the myocardium, endocardium, epicardial fat, valves, and both epicardial and intramural vessels. … Saffitz (1983) 7 | Autopsy series | 54 patients with CA causing cardiac dysfunction. | Amyloid was found both in intramural coronary arteries and in the mural endocardium. …

Triad of emboli in acute flare of ulcerative colitis.

Arterial thrombosis is rare in ulcerative colitis (UC). Our case report described a triad of arterial emboli in a UC patient who presented with bilateral lower limb claudication associated acute chest pain, confusion, ataxia and diplopia. Investigations confirmed bilateral femoral and popliteal artery occlusion, occipital infarct and a sub-endocardial infarct secondary to embolic disease.

Asymptomatic antibody-mediated rejection after heart transplantation predicts poor outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) has been associated with poor outcome after heart transplantation. The diagnosis of AMR usually includes endomyocardial biopsy findings of endothelial cell swelling, intravascular macrophages, C4d+ staining, and associated left ventricular dysfunction. The significance of AMR findings in biopsy specimens of asymptomatic heart transplant patients (normal cardiac function and no symptoms of heart failure) is unclear. METHODS: Between July 1997 and September 2001, AMR was found in the biopsy specimens of 43 patients. Patients were divided into 2 grou

[The impact of different chest compression frequencies on cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcomes in domestic pigs].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of different chest compression rates (60-140 times/min) on hemodynamic parameters, return of spontaneous c … oup, animals were implanted with a stimulating electrode via the right external jugular vein to the endocardium, and ventricular fibrillation (VF) was induced by delivering alternating current stimulation, resulting in CA. After a 1-minute, manual chest compressions were performed at the assigned rate with a compression depth of 5 cm. The first defibrillation …

Nkx2-5 regulates cardiac growth through modulation of Wnt signaling by R-spondin3.

A complex regulatory network of morphogens and transcription factors is essential for normal cardiac development. Nkx2-5 is among the earliest known markers of cardiac mesoderm that is central to the regulatory pathways mediating second heart field (SHF) development. Here, we have examined the specific requirements for Nkx2-5 in the SHF progenitors. We show that Nkx2-5 potentiates Wnt signaling by regulating the expression of the R-spondin3 (Rspo3) gene during cardiogenesis. R-spondins are secreted factors and potent Wnt agonists that in part regulate stem cell proliferation. Our data show tha