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Condom practices of urban teens using Norplant contraceptive implants, oral contraceptives, and condoms for contraception.

OBJECTIVES: The availability of long-acting hormonal birth control methods has created new contraceptive options for adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine whether teens initiating these methods use condoms less frequently than teens using oral contraceptive pills or condoms alone and may therefore be at an increased risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections. STUDY DESIGN: To investigate ongoing condom behavior in teens using levonorgestrel (Norplant) contraceptive implants, oral contraceptives, and condoms alone, we examined data from a 2-year prospective cohort stud…

Experience of Thai women in Bangkok with Norplant-2 implants.

A prospective study of the Norplant-2 contraceptive subdermal implant system was conducted in Bangkok, Thailand. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy, adverse effects, and overall acceptability of Norplant-2 implants. A total of 140 women were enrolled in a 3-year clinical trial. The mean age was 29 years. Of all the acceptors, 70% had completed primary school. The continuation rates at years 1, 2, and 3 were, respectively, 94%, 89%, and 83%. No accidental pregnancies occurred throughout the 3 years of use in this study. Personal reasons were the leading cause for terminatio

Adolescent girls' attitudes toward contraceptive subdermal implants.

Norplant, which has been shown to be a highly effective and acceptable contraceptive for adult women, may also be a very useful contraceptive for adolescents. This study is designed to determine the level of interest in Norplant for adolescent girls with and without children, their attitudes toward various features of Norplant, and the demographic and psychosocial factors predictive of their interest. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 112 adolescents attending our pediatric or adolescent clinic. Data from 28 adolescent mothers and 79 nulliparous adolescents were analyzed. Fifty-si

Cardiac and neurologic complications in malignant hypertension due to oral contraceptive use.

Malignant hypertension is a rare consequence of contraceptive use. We report here on two young women with malignant hypertension secondary to contraceptive use whose main symptomatology was neurological. Both patients had renal failure, severe left ventricle hypertrophy, and hemorrhagic stroke, all reversible after control of blood pressure and discontinuation of the contraceptive pill.

Region-specific regulation of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor signaling in a mouse model of oral contraceptive exposure.

Combined oral contraceptives (OCs), containing synthetic estrogen and a progestin such as levonorgestrel (LVNG), are widely used, and up to 10% of users experience adverse mood states and increased depression risk. It is well-established that OCs modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and blunt the cortisol responses to acute stress. This interaction with stress regulatory pathways is one mechanism by which OCs might impact mood. Here, we used a mouse model of OC exposure (ethinyl estradiol (EE) + LVNG) to investigate how OCs affect regulation of the diurnal CORT cycle and stre…

Profile of Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive Users.

BACKGROUND: Long acting reversible contraceptive methods are safe, effective and their uptake is integral to increasing modern contraceptive … as most commonly preferred by women with prior spontaneous abortion and unintended pregnancies. The levonorgestrel intrauterine device was preferred by comparatively advanced aged women (mean age of 38 ± 6.2 years) ,compared to 33.67 ± 3.9 years for copper intrauterine device users and 32.49± 7.6 years for subdermal implant users. Most users 49 (66.21%) were fro …

Awareness and use of emergency contraception among women attending antenatal clinic in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge and use of emergency contraception (EC) amongst antenatal care attendees at the Federal Medical Center, … and one (2.3%) from public health campaign. Only 17.5% had used EC, with the majority (65.2%) using levonorgestrel pills, 13.1% used an intrauterine contraceptive device and 3.3% used the combined oral contraceptive pills. About two-thirds (67.4%) had no idea when EC would be effective. Age, tertiary level of education, religion, ethnicity, and upper socioeconom …

Воздействие кладрибинных таблеток на фармакокинетические средства комбинированной оральной контрацепции у женщин до менопауза с повторным множественным склерозом.

В этом исследовании оценивалось воздействие кладрибинных таблеток (CladT) на фармакокинетику (PK) комбинированной пероральной контрацепции (COC) у женщин до менопаузального периода с повторным множественным склерозом. Это был случайный, двуслепый, two- период, two- последовательность поперечного исследования для оценки устойчивого состояния плазмы ПК (площадь под кривой времени концентрации и пиковой концентрацией) COC (этинилэстриол [EE]; 30 Мкг и литоноргестрель [СПГ] 150 mqg) при совместном управлении с CladT или плацебо. Полученные участники 2 Количество недель активного лечения CLadT в те

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
This study assessed the effect of cladribine tablets (CladT) on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of a combined oral contraceptive (COC) in pre-meno … under the concentration-time curve and peak concentration) of COC (ethinylestradiol [EE] 30 μg and levonorgestrel [LNG] 150 μg) when co-administered with CladT or placebo. Participants received 2 weeks of active CladT treatment per course (Weeks 1 and 5 per year) to have a cumulative dose of 3.5 mg/kg over 2 years as per label. Of the 24 randomized participants …

Long-Acting Reversible Contraception for Adolescents: A Review of Practices to Support Better Communication, Counseling, and Adherence.

Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) methods, including levonorgestrel and copper intrauterine devices (IUDs) and the subdermal contraceptive implant, are the most effective reversible forms of contraception and thus are an important aspect of adolescent pregnancy prevention. While LARC efficacy, safety, and appropriateness are supported by major medical organizations and usage rates are increasing, overall LARC uptake among United States (US) adolescents remains lower than uptake of short-acting contraceptive methods. A better understanding of the barriers affecting adolescent LARC upt…

Effects of oral contraceptive pills on mood and magnetic resonance imaging measures of prefrontal cortical thickness.

Gonadal hormones influence neuronal organization and plasticity. Yet the consequences of altering their concentrations by administering cont … d a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover study comparing effects of OCPs (0.15 mg levonorgestrel + 0.30 μg ethinyl estradiol) vs placebo (N = 26) on MRI measures of prefrontal cortical thickness and on mood, as indicated by self-report on the Daily Record of Severity of Problems, which also includes one item related to somatic symptoms. MRI mea …

Signal detection of drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives: a disproportionality analysis using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database, 2008-2017.

OBJECTIVES: To detect the signals for drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives (DCOCs) and describe the reporting pattern of adverse events (AEs) caused by DCOCs compared with levonorgestrel/desogestrel/gestodene-containing (second/third generation) oral contraceptives. DESIGN: A descriptive analysis of claims data. SETTING: The Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management-Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database from 1 February 2008 to 31 December 2017. OUTCOME MEASURES: Signals for DCOCs were identified using three data mining indices. The characteristics, death cases, and the…

Adjuvant therapy of Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of adenomyosis: A protocol for systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Adenomyosis is benign gynecologic condition with complex etiologies. Common symptoms associated with adenomyosis (AM) include menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, metrorrhagia, and dyspareunia. Although Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has often been utilized for managing AM in clinical practice in China, evidence regarding its efficacy is lacking. This systematic review protocol aims to describe a systematic review to assess the effectiveness and safety of CHM combined with Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for AM. METHODS: The following 7 databases will be sea…

Short article: Hormone therapy for severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to multiple angiodysplastic lesions.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the efficacy of hormone therapy in patients with severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to multiple angiodysplastic lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between May 2010 and July 2017, we included 12 consecutive patients with anaemia or recurrent bleeding due to angiodysplasia who had been started on hormone therapy. The therapy given was a combination of levonorgestrel (between 0.10 and 0.25 mg) and ethinylestradiol (between 0.02 and 0.05 mg). We determined the mean number of transfusions required in the 6 months before and after the start of the treatment, as we…

Sex matters: Practice 5P's when treating young women with venous thromboembolism.

Sex matters when it comes to venous thromboembolism (VTE). We defined 5P's - period, pill, prognosis, pregnancy, and postthrombotic syndrome … rapeutic anticoagulation, concomitant hormonal therapy does not increase the risk of recurrent VTE. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices and low-dose progestin-only pills do not increase the risk of VTE. In young women VTE is often provoked by transient hormonal risk factors that affects prognosis. Sex is incorporated as predictor in recurrent VTE risk …

Progestin-based contraception regimens modulate expression of putative HIV risk factors in the vaginal epithelium of pig-tailed Macaques.

PROBLEM: In women, the use of progestin-based contraception may increase the risk of vaginal HIV acquisition. We previously showed in macaqu … a pig-tailed macaque model to evaluate the effects of two progestin-based contraceptives, DMPA, and levonorgestrel (LNG)/ethinyl estradiol (EE)-based combined oral contraceptives (COCs), on innate mucosal factors. We compared the vaginal epithelial thickness data from previous studies and used cytokine profiling and microarray analysis to evaluate contraception- …

Steroid hormonal bioactivities, culprit natural and synthetic hormones and other emerging contaminants in waste water measured using bioassays and UPLC-tQ-MS.

Emission of compounds with biological activities from waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluents into surface waters is a topic of concern … dicating the presence of unknown glucocorticoids or their metabolites in effluent. Progesterone and levonorgestrel could explain the observed progestogenic activity. The principle component analysis confirmed the way in which hormones fit in the spectrum of other emerging contaminants concerning occurrence and fate in WWTPs.

Update on medical treatment of uterine fibroids.

OBJECTIVES: In this review paper, the pros and cons of the available pharmacological options for the treatment of uterine fibroids are explored, including oral progestogens, levonorgestrel intra-uterine device, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs and progesterone receptor modulators with an emphasis on ulipristal acetate. STUDY DESIGN: The choice of the appropriate therapeutic approach for uterine fibroids depends on several factors, including women's age, parity, childbearing aspirations and wish to preserve fertility, extent and severity of symptoms, size, number and location of myomas, …