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Factors associated with resolution of ultrasound subclinical synovitis in anti-CCP-positive individuals with musculoskeletal symptoms: a UK prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Subclinical synovitis occurs in a third of individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis. The objective of this study was to assess the reversibility of subclinical synovitis in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis who are positive for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody with musculoskeletal symptoms and investigate factors associated with its resolution within 12 months. METHODS: We conducted a single-centre, prospective, cohort study in the UK, recruiting individuals aged 18 years or older who were anti-CCP-positive with a new non-specific musculoskeletal sympt

Anticitrullinated peptide antibody epitope expansion and the HLA DRB1 'shared epitope' are less common in seropositive checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis than in longstanding rheumatoid arthritis.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can potentially cause ICI-inflammatory arthritis (ICI-IA), which often resembles rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we examined the degree of anticitrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) epitope expansion in CCP+ICI-IA and patients with RA. METHODS: We used clinical data and serum from ICI-IA and patients with RA with early disease as well as longstanding disease. A custom, bead-based antigen array was used to identify IgG ACPA reactivities to 18 putative RA-associated citrullinated proteins. Hierarchical clustering software was used to cre

Cartilage and bone loss in premenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis: Radiological and laboratory assessments.

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the radiological and laboratory features of bone and cartilage losses in premenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: This case-control study is the continuation of a study that was conducted on 48 women with RA and 48 matched healthy volunteers. All RA patients were previously subjected to clinical examination, disease activity assessment using the 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) and Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), serological tests, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measuring bone mineral density (BMD), and plain X-ray of both hand

Short bowel syndrome and intestinal transplantation in children.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes recent knowledge and clinical practice for pediatric patients suffering extensive intestinal resection causing short bowel syndrome. This condition requires the use of parenteral nutrition, as long as intestinal failure persists, and may be, in some selected cases, an indication for intestinal transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS: Biological evaluation of intestinal failure is becoming possible with the use of plasma citrulline as a marker of intestinal mass. Few epidemiological data are available; some indicate an increased incidence of short bowel syndr

Spin trapping of nitric oxide with the iron-dithiocarbamate complex: chemistry and biology.

This brief review describes chemical and biological aspects concerning spin trapping of nitric oxide (NO) with the iron-dithiocarbamate (Fe-DTC) complex as a spin trap. Knowledge on basic properties of the Fe-DTC complex would help in understanding the applicability and limitation of the Fe-DTC-based NO spin-trapping method when it is employed in viable biological systems.

Release by ultraviolet B (u.v.B) radiation of nitric oxide (NO) from human keratinocytes: a potential role for nitric oxide in erythema production.

1. The mechanism of human sunburn is poorly understood but its characteristic features include the development of erythema. In this study we attempted to determine whether human keratinocytes possess a nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS), if this enzyme could be activated to release NO following exposure to ultraviolet B (u.v.B) and to define whether this photo-induced response could be involved in the pathogenesis of sunburn erythema. 2. Treatment of human keratinocytes with various doses of u.v.B (290-320 nm) radiation (up to 100 mJ cm-2) resulted in a dose-dependent release of NO and cyclic GM

Sodium citrate supplementation in inborn argininosuccinate lyase deficiency: a study in a 5-year-old patient under total parenteral nutrition.

The effects of sodium citrate supplementation to improve aspartic acid supply in a 5-year-old girl with argininosuccinate lyase deficiency were studied over a period of 5 years under constant and total parenteral nutrition. Daily increasing doses of sodium citrate (0-8 mmol/kg) were continuously infused i.v.. Her standard therapy with arginine hydrochloride (4 mmol/kg/day) and sodium benzoate (200 mg/kg/day) was continued. Serum citrulline concentrations were reduced by citrate supplementation (161.8-41.7 mumol/l). Correspondingly serum concentrations of argininosuccinate and its anhydrides ro

[H-H-H syndrome: a rare disease also relevant in anesthesiology].

We report on a 17-year-old boy with H-H-H-syndrome (hyperornithinaemia, hyperammonaemia, homocitrullinuresis), an inborn disorder of the urea cycle, who had to undergo osteo-synthesis of a fractured upper leg. Pathophysiological aspects of this rare syndrome as well as possible recommendations for the anaesthesiological management are discussed.

Innate Immune Function of Neutrophil Cytoplasts Generated Post-Vital NETosis.

The migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) into the site of infection such as lungs during pneumonia is a canonical feature of inn … t plasma membrane. Genetic deletion of peptidyl arginine deaminase 4 (PAD4), which mediates histone citrullination and promotes NETosis, facilitates PMN cyto generation and thereby abrogated pneumonia-induced mortality. Thus, we have identified the crucial host defense function of PMN cyto generated post-vital NETosis, suggesting that PMN cyto hold promise as ce …

Characterization of programmed cell death pathways activated in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected human macrophages.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) primarily infects human lung macrophages, which serve as its major replication niche. Mtb can manipulate ho … after PMR. The DNA released from THP-1 cells exhibits low levels of myeloperoxidase and histone H3 citrullination. High-resolution confocal imaging shows that Mtb is associated with the released DNA. We demonstrate that pyroptosis induction in THP-1 cells is dispensable for the DNA release and cell death induction. In conclusion, our results reveal that Mtb-tri …

Impaired Aggrephagy, Interrupted Vesicular Trafficking, and Cellular Stress, Lead to Protein Aggregation, and Synaptic Dysfunction in Cerebellum of Children and Adults with Idiopathic Autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder with genetic and environmental etiologies involving several bra … in adults with ASD included peptide cross-linking, amyloidosis, intermediate filament organization, citrullination, methylation, and proteolysis. Overall, the proteomic data support the concept that cerebellar abnormalities in synaptic structure and function begin during fetal cerebellar development [2], culminate in early childhood, and evolve into adulthood, c …

Роль IL-39 в аутоиммунных заболеваниях: от общего до иммунопатогенеза.

IL-39, цитокина из семейства IL-12, который, как представляется, производится главным образом ячейками B, состоит из субъектов IL-23p19 и Ebi3, которые сигнализируют через IL-23R/gp130 для активации STAT1/STAT3. Некоторые исследования указывают на повышение уровней IL-39 в некоторых аутоиммунных условиях, таких, как повторное излучающее многократный склероз (RRMS), анкилосирующий спондилит (AS) и аутоиммунное заболевание щитовидной железы (ATD), что, возможно, указывает на связь между IL-39 и автоматическим иммунитетом, получаемым через клетки B. Предварительные данные свидетельствуют о том, ч

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
IL-39, a cytokine from the IL-12 family that appears to be produced primarily by B cells, consists of the IL-23p19 and Ebi3 subunits, which … ically, through NETosis, IL-39 could potentially expose intracellular antigens and facilitate their citrullination via peptidyl arginine deiminase (PAD), which might contribute to autoimmunity initiation. Some data suggest that in P. gingivalis-associated dysbiosis, IL-36γ may increase IL-39 secretion by epithelial cells. As dysbiosis and inflammatory bowel dise …

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is associated with deficiency and closed conformation of ADAMTS-13.

BACKGROUND: A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 repeats, member 13 (ADAMTS-13) is the specific von Willebrand facto … proof that plasmin is not able to massively degrade ADAMTS-13. Further studies on glycosylation and citrullination profiles of ADAMTS-13 are needed to understand their role in HLH.

Changes in Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) and Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 4 (PAD-4) Levels in Serum of General Treated Psoriatic Patients.

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease in which the disturbed dependencies between lymphocytes, dendritic cells, keratinocytes and neutrophils play the most important role. One of them is the overproduction of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The release of NETs can be induced by pathogens, as well as antibodies and immune complexes, cytokines and chemokines, including TNFα. The first step of the NET creation is the activation of peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD-4). PAD-4 seems to be responsible for citrullination of histones and chromatin decondensation, but the data on PAD-4 in NETs is i…

Cardiac Impairment in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Influence of Anti-TNFα Treatment.

There is evidence that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with higher overall and cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality as compar … udies documented that increased CV risk was associated with seropositivity, disease activity score, citrullination, and duration of RA. Early detection of heart dysfunction is based on echocardiographic detection of diastolic dysfunction resulting from myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. Some studies showed also higher prevalence of left ventricular systolic d …

Efficient neutrophil extracellular trap induction requires mobilization of both intracellular and extracellular calcium pools and is modulated by cyclosporine A.

Excessive or aberrant generation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has recently become implicated in the underlying aetiology of a nu … y disorders. As calcium flux is implicated in the generation of reactive oxygen species and histone citrullination, two key events in NETosis, we analysed the roles of both extra- and intracellular calcium pools and their modulation by pharmacological agents in the NETotic process in detail. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) was used as a physiological stimulus of NETosis. O …

Associations between periodontitis and systemic inflammatory diseases: response to treatment.

There is a significant prevalence of subjects with periodontitis presenting with other inflammatory conditions such as coronary heart diseas … of periodontitis in subjects with RA. The periodontal pathogen Pg is significant in contributing to citrullination of proteins resulting in immune dysregulation and autoimmune responses, seen in RA. However, they are both multifactorial chronic diseases with complex etiopathogeneses that affect their presentation. Consistent but weak associations are seen for su …

Poor prognostic factors and unmet needs in rheumatoid arthritis.

Prognostic factors in rheumatoid arthritis relate to several aspects, such as prediction of joint damage and loss of function or prediction of response to a particular therapy. For many decades it has been well established that high disease activity, especially exemplified by swollen joint counts and acute phase reactants, is associated with progression of joint damage. In addition, rheumatoid factor (RF) positive patients, but not patients with anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) are particularly prone to high disease activity and joint destruction. Newer studies have looked at molec

Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibodies in ACPA-Negative and ACPA-Positive Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

UNLABELLED: The objective of this study was to assess the level of antibodies to carbamylated proteins and analyze the clinical and immunological associations in patients with ACPA-negative and ACPA-positive variants of rheumatoid arthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: . The study involved 150 patients with a reliable diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and 25 patients as healthy controls. Depending on ACPA values, two groups of patients were recruited: ACPA-positive (n = 75) and ACPA-negative (n = 75). RA activity was assessed by the DAS28 index. Determination of antibodies to carbamylated proteins

Effects of Selenium Supplementation on the Indices of Disease Activity, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: a Randomized Clinical Trial.

The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of selenium supplementation on disease activity, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial on 59 patients with RA. Participants were randomly divided to receive 200 μg/day of selenium or a placebo for 12 weeks. The disease activity score (DAS.CRP and DAS.ESR), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting blood glucose, lipids, antibodies to cyclic citrullinated protein (anti-CCP), nitric oxide, glutathione,