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Gut microbiota influence on lung cancer risk through blood metabolite mediation: from a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis and genetic analysis.

BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota (GM) and metabolic alterations play pivotal roles in lung cancer (LC) development and host genetic variations are … tified 13 blood metabolites that significantly influence LC risk after FDR correction, underscoring cystine and propionylcarnitine in reducing LC risk, while linking specific lipids and hydroxy acids to an increased risk. Our two-step mediation analysis demonstrated that the association between the bacterial pathway of synthesis of guanosine ribonucleotid …

Plasma metabolites are altered before and after diagnosis of preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction.

Metabolomics is the study of small molecules (metabolites), within cells, tissues and biofluids. Maternal metabolites can provide important … re altered in circulation from participants with preeclampsia - increased L-cysteine (3.73-fold), L-cystine (3.28-fold), L-acetylcarnitine (2.57-fold), and carnitine (1.53-fold) (p < 0.05). There were 53 metabolites dysregulated in participants who delivered a fetal growth restriction infant-including increased levulinic acid, citric acid (1.93-fold), and …

Oligosaccharides and diet-related dilated cardiomyopathy in beagles.

INTRODUCTION: In 2018 the US Food and Drug Administration reported a potential link between grain-free, legume-containing dog foods and the … aurine levels were unchanged across diets, while plasma methionine levels were highest and cysteine/cystine levels were lowest after dogs ate the husbandry diet. DISCUSSION: Results indicate that raffinose in the diet is sufficient, but not required to see an increase NT-proBNP, but did not induce any changes in cardiac function after 5 weeks of feeding. …

Dietary Supplementation of dl-Methionine Potently Induces Sodium-Dependent l-Methionine Absorption in Porcine Jejunum Ex Vivo.

BACKGROUND: Methionine is an essential amino acid (AA) with many fundamental roles. Humans often supplement l-Met, whereas dl-Met and dl-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid (dl-HMTBA) are more frequently used to supplement livestock. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate whether dietary Met source alters the absorptive capacity for Met isomers in the small intestine of piglets. METHODS: A total of 27 male 10-wk-old piglets in 3 feeding groups received a diet supplemented with 0.21% dl-Met, 0.21% l-Met, or 0.31% dl-HMTBA to meet the Met + cystine requirement. After ≥10 d, absorptive fl…

Osteopenia and fractures in cystinotic children post renal transplantation.

Many of the end-organ effects of cystinosis are known to be risk factors for osteopenia; these include deposition of cystine crystals in bone, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, primary hypogonadism, urinary phosphate wasting, and chronic renal failure. While transplantation may correct the latter, it exposes the child to other risk factors for diminished bone mass, notably the use of high-dose glucocorticoids. Our objective was to determine if these multiple risk factors translate into an increased occurrence of osteopenia, as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and/or fractu…

The isolation of Burkholderia cepacia in a hospital setting in Sri Lanka.

INTRODUCTION: Burkholderia cepacia is widely prevalent in nature. The natural habitat of this organism is soil, water and vegetation, but th … al lavage, endotracheal aspirate, urine, peritoneal fluid and blood. Blood agar, MacConkey agar and cystine lactose electrolyte deficient medium supported the growth of all strains. They were motile Gram negative rods. All strains were oxidase positive. Strains gave variable results with other biochemical tests. Antibiograms too were variable. All strains …

Molecular characterization of cystinosis patients: predominance of the CTNS c.829dup mutation in Center of Tunisia.

BACKGROUND: Cystinosis is a lysosomal storage disease caused by the accumulation of intralysosomal cystine in different tissues and organs including: brain, cornea, kidneys, liver and, pancreas. This pathology is due the mutations in the CTNS gene that encode the cystinosin protein. In this retrospective study, we aimed to explore the genetic and phenotypic diversity of Tunisian patients with cystinosis in order to identify recurrent variants and their correlation with clinico-pathology features. METHODS: Our retrospective study was conducted between 2022 and 2025 in collaboration with pediatr…

Analysis of genetic requirements and nutrient availability for Staphylococcus aureus growth in cystic fibrosis sputum.

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens isolated from the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis (CF), but little is known a … ism by which cymR is required for growth in sputum is to prevent uncontrolled import of cysteine or cystine from this environment. Overall, this work demonstrates that calprotectin and cysteine limit S. aureus growth in CF sputum.IMPORTANCEStaphylococcus aureus is a major cause of lung infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). This work identifies g …

Использование метаболомического профилирования в качестве подспорья для диагностики радиологически изолированного синдрома.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Радиоактивно изолированный синдром (РИС), характеризующийся аномалиями МРТ, которые не проявляются в качестве клинических симптомов множественного склероза (MS), но вызывают подозрения в отношении MS. С учетом того, что РИС часто превращаются в НР, были установлены различные диагностические критерии, и каждый предлагаемый биомаркер заслуживает тщательного рассмотрения и обсуждения. В ходе этого исследования было проведено метаболическое профилирование жидкостей тела пациентов, которые были предварительно диагностированы РИС или MS и еще не получили никакого лечения. Резу

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Radiologically Isolated Syndrome (RIS) characterized by abnormalities on MRI that do not manifest as clinical symptoms of Multip … pyruvate; in serum, levels of hydroxyvalerate, xylitol, and agmatine; in urine threonine, creatine, cystine, 2-aminobutyrate, and ascorbic acid were found significantly higher in the MS group compared to RIS (p ≤ 0.05). In Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), it was observed that there was not enough …

Lessons Learnt (Clinical Outcomes and Cost Savings) from Virtual Stone Clinic and Their Application in the Era Post-COVID-19: Prospective Outcomes over a 6-Year Period from a University Teaching Hospital.

Introduction: We introduced a nurse-led telephone-based virtual stone clinic (VSC) follow-up for the surveillance of patients with asymptoma … al stones (230, 79.3%); history of recurrent stone disease (45, 15.5%); solitary kidneys (5, 1.7%); cystine stones; young age; and other conditions (10, 3.4%). The mean stone size was 5.0 ± 2.7 mm, followed up with kidney, ureter, and bladder radiograph (225, 77.6%) and ultrasound scan (USS) (65, 22.4%), for median duration of 12 months (range: 3-24 month …

Bacterial profile, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors of urinary tract infection among clinically suspected children attending at Felege-Hiwot comprehensive and specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections in children. Understanding the characteristics of uropath … il, 2019. A systematic sampling technique was employed. A mid-stream urine sample was inoculated on cystine lactose electrolyte deficient media and incubated for 24-48 h. Sub-culturing was done on Mac-Conkey and blood agar. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done on Muller-Hinton agar. A binary logistic regression model was used to see the association …

Structural basis for receptor binding heterogeneity of apolipoprotein E from type III hyperlipoproteinemic subjects.

The three major isoforms of human apolipoprotein E (apo-E2, -E3, and -E4) are coded for by three alleles (epsilon 2, epsilon 3, and epsilon … e subject with the most active apo-E2 was genotypically homozygous for an apo-E allele (epsilon 2); cystine was found at site A and at a new site (site C, residue 145). The epsilon 2 allele specifies a protein that has arginine at site B (residue 158); the epsilon 2 allele specifies a protein that has arginine at site C (residue 145). Therefore, the two a …

Globular bodies: a primary cause of the opacity in senile and diabetic posterior cortical subcapsular cataracts?

We examined 9 cataracts from maturity onset diabetics and 4 senile posterior subcapsular cataracts by scanning electron microscopy, transmis … ha- and beta-crystallins and actin. All the globules contained higher concentrations of cysteine or cystine than the surrounding lens tissue but they did not react to stains for carbohydrate or calcium. X-ray diffraction studies showed that crystalline calcium salts were absent. Globules and cavities averaged 45% of the total area in cross section. Assumi …

Snake venom proteinase inhibitors. III. Isolation of five polypeptide inhibitors from the venoms of Hemachatus haemachatus (Ringhal's corbra) and Naja nivea (Cape cobra) and the complete amino acid sequences of two of them.

Five proteinase inhibitors which all inhibit the activity of bovine trypsin [EC 3.4.21.4] were isolated from African Elapid venoms of Hemach … acid with arginine and glycine at the NH2- and COOH-termini, respectively. Both contained six half-cystines in disulfide linkages, and their overall amino acid sequences were similar, showing 91% homology. The two inhibitors differed in sequence by only five amino acid replacements, Asp-3 to Arg; Tyr-17 to Arg; Leu-25 to Arg; Gln-32 to Glu; and Arg-52 to …

Interacting with thioredoxin-1--disease or no disease?

SIGNIFICANCE: Many cardiovascular disorders are accompanied by a deregulated cellular redox balance resulting in elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). One major antioxidative cellular molecule is thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1). Its indispensability is demonstrated by the embryonic lethality of Trx-1 deficient mice. Trx-1 is ubiquitously expressed in cells and has numerous, diverse functions. It not only reduces oxidized proteins or, together with peroxiredoxins, detoxifies H(2)O(2), but also binds to several proteins and thereby regulates their functions. The interaction partn

Conformational preferences of a peptide corresponding to the major antigenic determinant of foot-and-mouth disease virus: implications for peptide-vaccine approaches.

The conformational preferences in solution of a peptide corresponding to the GH loop of the VP1 capsid protein from the foot-and-mouth disease virus were examined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism. The GH loop is the major antigenic determinant of the virus and participates in cell attachment through an integrin-like Arg-Gly-Asp sequence. The synthetic peptide, corresponding to residues Gly132 to Ser162 of the VP1 capsid protein of the serotype O, is largely disordered in aqueous solution as shown by the absence of long- and medium-range NOE contacts and by random-lik

RRM2 attenuates the renal tubular ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease through PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with significant metabolic and renal complications, including diabetic nephropathy … in patients with T2DM. The apoptosis rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, oxidative stress, cystine uptake, and ferrous ion (Fe2+) levels were quantified using the HK-2 cell lysates. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to assess mRNA and protein expression, respectively. RESULTS: Serum RRM2 levels were significan …

Serum lncRNAs TUG1, H19, and NEAT1 and their target miR-29b/SLC3A1 axis as possible biomarkers of preeclampsia: Potential clinical insights.

To date, the epigenetic signature of preeclampsia (PE) is not completely deciphered. Oxidative stress-responsive long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are deregulated in preeclamptic placenta; however, their circulating profiles and diagnostic abilities are still unexplored. We investigated serum redox-sensitive lncRNAs TUG1, H19, and NEAT1, and their target miR-29b/cystine/neutral/dibasic amino acids transporter solute carrier family 3, member 1 (SLC3A1) as potential non-invasive biomarkers of PE risk, onset, and severity. We recruited 82 patients with PE and 78 healthy pregnant women. We classified…

The m6A reader YTHDC2 promotes the pathophysiology of temporal lobe epilepsy by modulating SLC7A11-dependent glutamate dysregulation in astrocytes.

Rationale: Epilepsy affects over 70 million people globally, with temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS) often progressing to a drug-resistant state. Recent research has highlighted the role of reactive astrocytes and glutamate dysregulation in epilepsy pathophysiology. This study aims to investigate the involvement of astrocytic xCT, a glutamate-cystine antiporter, and its regulation by the m6A reader protein YTHDC2 in TLE-HS. Methods: A pilocarpine-induced epilepsy model in mice was used to study the role of xCT in reactive astrocytes. The expression of xCT and its regula…

Ketogenic Diet and Progression of Kidney Disease in Animal Models of Nephropathic Cystinosis.

KEY POINTS: Ketogenic diet can change the metabolism in the body and helped restore the function of altered pathways in nephropathic cystinosis. Ketogenic diet had significant benefits for preventing kidney damage, even when initiated after the onset of kidney impairment. Ketogenic diet may provide a partial therapeutic alternative in countries where cysteamine therapy is too expensive. BACKGROUND: Nephropathic cystinosis is a rare inherited lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the CTNS gene that encodes for cystinosin, a lysosomal cystine/H+ symporter. From the standpoint of the…