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Микроэкология и тренировка: целевое воздействие на ось микробиота-Гут-Брэйна для лечения заболеваний центральной нервной системы.

Кишечная микробиота (ГМ) может играть решающую роль в развитии и развитии заболеваний центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Микроэкология и упражнение могут влиять на состав и функции ГМ, оказывая тем самым позитивное воздействие на НКЦ. Ожидается, что комбинированные физические упражнения и микроэкология позволят более комплексно и эффективно решать проблемы, связанные с заболеваниями CNS, через ось микробиота-гут-мозгов (MMBA), потенциально превысив результаты отдельных мероприятий. Однако в настоящее время по этой теме не проводится соответствующих обзоров. В этом обзоре мы изучаем взаимосвязь

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… Moreover, some studies have shown that intense exercise can lead to increased intestinal permeability, gastrointestinal damage, and mild endotoxemia [ 329 , 330 , 331 ]. …

Mucositis and Infection in Hematology Patients.

Survival in patients with hematological malignancies has improved over the years, both due to major developments in anticancer treatment, as well as in supportive care. Nevertheless, important and debilitating complications of intensive treatment regimens still frequently occur, including mucositis, fever and bloodstream infections. Exploring potential interacting mechanisms and directed therapies to counteract mucosal barrier injury is of the utmost importance if we are to continue to improve care for this increasingly growing patient population. In this perspective, I highlight recent advanc

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… Endotoxemia and elevation of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2003 22 978 981 10.1097/01.inf.0000095196.19606.d2 14614371 13. Tsuji E. Hiki N. Nomura S. Fukushima R. Kojima J.-I. Ogawa T. Mafune K.-I. Mimura Y. Kaminishi M. …

CD38 Is Robustly Induced in Human Macrophages and Monocytes in Inflammatory Conditions.

Macrophages and their monocyte precursors mediate innate immune responses and can promote a spectrum of phenotypes from pro-inflammatory to pro-resolving. Currently, there are few markers that allow for robust dissection of macrophage phenotype. We recently identified CD38 as a marker of inflammatory macrophages in murine in vitro and in vivo models. However, it is unknown whether CD38 plays a similar marker and/or functional role in human macrophages and inflammatory diseases. Here, we establish that CD38 transcript and protein are robustly induced in human macrophages exposed to LPS (±IFN-γ)

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… Differential in vivo activation of monocyte subsets during low-grade inflammation through experimental endotoxemia in humans. Sci Rep (2016) 6:30162. 10.1038/srep30162 56. Musso T, Deaglio S, Franco L, Calosso L, Badolato R, Garbarino G, et al. …

Redesigning CAR therapy to tackle immune effector cell-associated hematotoxicity.

Although recognized, the field has yet to fully explore the mechanisms and solutions to Immune effector Cell-Associated Hematotoxicity (ICAHT) - a major contributor to long term morbidity and mortality following CAR therapy. About 20–40% of the patients develop ICAHT of grade 3 or above, with at least 33% developing late ICAHT across both CD28 and 4-1BB CAR. ICAHT post-CAR therapy influences the effectiveness of the subsequent treatment and incidence of secondary malignancies. Aside from CAR-HEMATOTOX model, N-ICAHT and T-ICAHT grading system is engaged to monitor the neutropenia and thrombocy

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… Furthermore, dysbiosis-induced gut barrier disruption during lymphodepletion can facilitate microbial translocation and endotoxemia, aggravating bone marrow suppression. …

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Kidney Disease: A Review of Clinical Evidence.

Mesenchymal stem cells form a population of self-renewing, multipotent cells that can be isolated from several tissues. Multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated that the administration of exogenous MSC could prevent renal injury and could promote renal recovery through a series of complex mechanisms, in particular via immunomodulation of the immune system and release of paracrine factors and microvesicles. Due to their therapeutic potentials, MSC are being evaluated as a possible player in treatment of human kidney disease, and an increasing number of clinical trials to assess the safety

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… The secretome of hydrogel-coembedded endothelial progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells instructs macrophage polarization in endotoxemia. Stem Cells Translational Medicine. 2015;4(7):852–861. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0111. 96. Galderisi U., Giordano A. …

Neutrophils unveiled in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

This review explores neutrophils' roles in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), highlighting their functions within the immune system. While neutrophils are known for fighting infections, their altered behavior in CLL significantly impacts disease progression. This review notes the reduced phagocytic abilities of neutrophils and the increased formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in patients with CLL. It also examines the effects of CLL treatments, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapies, on neutrophils' count and function, stressing the need for improved strat

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… Spleen-derived IFN-gamma induces generation of PD-L1(+)-suppressive neutrophils during endotoxemia. J Leukoc Biol. (2017) 102:1401–9. doi: 10.1189/jlb.3A0217-051RR, PMID: 137. Kaltenmeier C, Yazdani HO, Morder K, Geller DA, Simmons RL, Tohme S. …

Targeting BRD4: Potential therapeutic strategy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Review).

As a member of BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal) protein family, BRD4 (bromodomain‑containing protein 4) is a chromatin‑associated protein that interacts with acetylated histones and actively recruits regulatory proteins, leading to the modulation of gene expression and chromatin remodeling. The cellular and epigenetic functions of BRD4 implicate normal development, fibrosis and inflammation. BRD4 has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target as it is often overexpressed and plays a critical role in regulating gene expression programs that drive tumor cell proliferation, survival, mi

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… JQ1 has been shown to effectively protect colon-tight junctions from endotoxemia-induced inflammatory injury ( 87 ). In rat kidney triggered by Cadmium for inflammatory response, BRD4 inhibition reduced NF-κB nuclear translocation and its subsequent transcriptional activity ( 83 ). …

Роль микробиотики в гематологических заболеваниях: описательный обзор механизмов и терапевтического потенциала.

Микробиота человека, в частности кишечный микробиом, играет центральную роль в поддержании иммунного гомеостаза, регулировании гематопоисиса и модуляции хост-метаболизма с помощью биоактивных метаболитов, таких, как короткоцепные жирные кислоты (СКФА), желчные кислоты и соединения триптофана. Разрушение этой микробной экосистемы (дисбиоз) стало одним из ключевых факторов развития и развития гематологических магнатов (ГМ), включая острые и хронические лейкемии, лимфомы и множественные миеломы. В настоящем обзоре описательной части обобщаются последние данные (см.2022-2025) о сложных двухнаправл

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… This mechanistic duality, LPS stimulating both autocrine MAPK proliferation in myeloma cells and paracrine NF-kB-IL-6 production in stromal cells, makes gut-derived endotoxemia a particularly potent driver of MM progression that is not fully captured by describing LPS effects generically as inflammatory …

Роль Гут Микробиота в неврологических, психиатрических и неевроразвитых расстройствах.

АИМ: Эта статья направлена на изучение роли человеческого кишечного микробиота (ГМ) в патогенезе неврологических, психиатрических и нейроразвитых расстройств, с уделением особого внимания его влиянию на здоровье и болезни и изучением потенциальных терапевтических стратегий, ориентированных на модификацию ГМ. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Предусмотрен всеобъемлющий анализ состава кишечного микробиота и его взаимодействия с человеческим телом, в частности его роли в неврологических и психиатрических условиях. В обзоре обсуждаются факторы, влияющие на состав ГМ, включая родовой режим, грудное вскармливание

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… At the same time, disturbances in the permeability of the intestine have been observed in people with ASD, resulting in the increased absorption of pathogenic substances such as endotoxemia with neurotoxins. …

Inflammatory Signaling Pathways in Preleukemic and Leukemic Stem Cells.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a rare subset of bone marrow cells that usually exist in a quiescent state, only entering the cell cycle to replenish the blood compartment, thereby limiting the potential for errors in replication. Inflammatory signals that are released in response to environmental stressors, such as infection, trigger active cycling of HSCs. These inflammatory signals can also directly induce HSCs to release cytokines into the bone marrow environment, promoting myeloid differentiation. After stress myelopoiesis is triggered, HSCs require intracellular signaling programs to

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… The granulopoietic cytokine response and enhancement of granulopoiesis in mice during endotoxemia . Shock ( 2005 ) 23 : 344 – 52 . 10.1097/01.shk.0000158960.93832.de 15803058 58 Monlish DA Bhatt ST Schuettpelz LG . The role of toll-like receptors in hematopoietic malignancies . …

Obesity: pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions.

Over the past few decades, obesity has transitioned from a localized health concern to a pressing global public health crisis affecting over 650 million adults globally, as documented by WHO epidemiological surveys. As a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by pathological adipose tissue expansion, chronic inflammation, and neuroendocrine dysregulation that disrupts systemic homeostasis and impairs physiological functions, obesity is rarely an isolated condition; rather, it is frequently complicated by severe comorbidities that collectively elevate mortality risks. Despite advances in nutr

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… In line with Gaber’s data, anti-lipopolysaccharide (anti-LPS), anti-lipoteichoic acid (anti-LTA), and anti-flagellin IgA antibodies are among the immunogenic markers of metabolic endotoxemia linked to visceral AT (VAT) in postmenopausal women. …

From Cells to Environment: Exploring the Interplay between Factors Shaping Bone Health and Disease.

The skeletal system is an extraordinary structure that serves multiple purposes within the body, including providing support, facilitating movement, and safeguarding vital organs. Moreover, it acts as a reservoir for essential minerals crucial for overall bodily function. The intricate interplay of bone cells plays a critical role in maintaining bone homeostasis, ensuring a delicate balance. However, various factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, can disrupt this vital physiological process. These factors encompass genetics, aging, dietary and lifestyle choices, the gut microbiome, environment

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… The gut microbiota is thought to play a role in OA when pro-inflammatory bacterial LPS from the ‘leaky gut’ causes inflammation, endotoxemia, macrophage activation, and joint damage. …

Exploration and Development of PPAR Modulators in Health and Disease: An Update of Clinical Evidence.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that govern the expression of genes responsible for energy metabolism, cellular development, and differentiation. Their crucial biological roles dictate the significance of PPAR-targeting synthetic ligands in medical research and drug discovery. Clinical implications of PPAR agonists span across a wide range of health conditions, including metabolic diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases, infections, autoimmune diseases, neurological and psychiatric disorders, and malignancies. In this review we aim to consolidate exist

Defibrotide for Protecting Against and Managing Endothelial Injury in Hematologic Malignancies and COVID-19.

Defibrotide, which is approved for treating hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD)/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), exhibits pleiotropic anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and fibrinolytic properties, conferring broad endothelial protective effects. Given these mechanisms, defibrotide has potential utility in various conditions involving endothelial injury or activation. In this review we outline the endothelial-protective mechanisms of defibrotide and comprehensively summarize current evidence supporting its applications in hematologic malignancies, including the prevention and treatment

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… Defibrotide enhances fibrinolysis in human endotoxemia—A randomized, double blind, crossover trial in healthy volunteers. Sci. Rep. 2019;9:11136. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47630-6. 26. Shi H., Gandhi A.A., Smith S.A., Wang Q., Chiang D., Yalavarthi S., Ali R.A., Liu C., Sule G., Tsou P.S., et al. …

Bioactivity of the Genus Turnera: A Review of the Last 10 Years.

Turnera is a genus of plants whose biological activity has been widely studied. The importance of this genus, particularly Turnera diffusa, as a source of treatment for various conditions is evidenced by the large number of new studies that have evaluated its biological activity. Accordingly, the objective of this review was to compile the information published in the last ten years concerning the biological activities reported for Turnera spp. The present work includes 92 publications that evaluate 29 bioactivities and toxicological and genotoxic information on five species of this genus. Amo

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… Soromou et al. evaluated the ability of pinocembrin (1) ( Figure 1 ), a flavonoid present in T. diffusa , to mitigate LPS-induced endotoxemia in mice. …

Clinical innovations and future directions of nanoparticles in the treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders.

Nanoparticles (NPs) provide a versatile toolkit for psychiatry and neurology by leveraging tunable size, surface chemistry, and payload control to overcome long-standing barriers in central nervous system (CNS) therapy. Lipid, polymeric, inorganic, and hybrid NPs can be engineered to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via receptor/transporter pathways, target specific cell types, and deliver sustained or stimuli-responsive release. Beyond drug delivery, NPs improve imaging, enable gene/RNA therapeutics, and support anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective strategies, advancing precision medic

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… In mood disorders and AD/PD, reports describe reduced SCFA producers ( Faecalibacterium , Roseburia ), more pathobionts ( Enterobacteriaceae ), elevated LPS/secondary bile acids, altered indole/tryptamine pathways, and barrier dysfunction with endotoxemia, linking to microglial activation, BBB permeability …

The role of mesenchymal stem cells in attenuating inflammatory bowel disease through ubiquitination.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition of the digestive tract and one of the autoimmune diseases, is becoming a disease of significant global public health concern and substantial clinical burden. Various signaling pathways have been documented to modulate IBD, but the exact activation and regulatory mechanisms have not been fully clarified; thus, a need for constant exploration of the molecules and pathways that play key roles in the development of IBD. In recent years, several protein post-translational modification pathways, such as ubiquitination, phosphorylation, methylation, acety

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… A novel protective role for FXR against inflammasome activation and endotoxemia. Cell Metab. (2017) 25:763–4. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.03.014 165. Al-Shaibi AA, Abdel-Motal UM, Hubrack SZ, Bullock AN, Al-Marri AA, Agrebi N, et al. …

Host impairments in patients with neoplastic diseases.

Healthy individuals possess an immune system comprising physical barriers, innate and acquired immunity as well as the indigenous microflora that populate the body surfaces. The immune system maintains constant vigilance over the body at the cellular level as well as at the interface between the host integument and the resident microflora. However, neoplastic diseases and their treatment often lead to impaired immunity resulting in an increased risk of infections due to viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. This chapter explores the various aspects of host impairment focusing on the componen

Biology and Diseases of Dogs

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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Associating Obesity to Bone Loss.

Obesity is an alarming disease that favors the upset of other illnesses and enhances mortality. It is spreading fast worldwide may affect more than 1 billion people by 2030. The imbalance between excessive food ingestion and less energy expenditure leads to pathological adipose tissue expansion, characterized by increased production of proinflammatory mediators with harmful interferences in the whole organism. Bone tissue is one of those target tissues in obesity. Bone is a mineralized connective tissue that is constantly renewed to maintain its mechanical properties. Osteoblasts are responsib

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… Combined with exercise, fiber prebiotics prevented knee joint damage, insulin resistance, and endotoxemia in high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFS) mice [ 160 ]. Changes in gut permeability observed during obesity amplify the availability of LPS—a potent inducer of bone degradation [ 155 , 160 ]. …