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Feature extraction for systolic heart murmur classification.

Heart murmurs are often the first signs of pathological changes of the heart valves, and they are usually found during auscultation in the primary health care. Distinguishing a pathological murmur from a physiological murmur is however difficult, why an "intelligent stethoscope" with decision support abilities would be of great value. Phonocardiographic signals were acquired from 36 patients with aortic valve stenosis, mitral insufficiency or physiological murmurs, and the data were analyzed with the aim to find a suitable feature subset for automatic classification of heart murmurs. Technique…

Classification of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease revisited.

The sporadic form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) has been classified on the basis of the molecular mass of the protease-resistant scrapie prion protein (PrP(Sc)), which can be type 1 or type 2, and the genotype at the methionine (M)/valine (V) polymorphic codon 129, which can be MM, MV or VV. In one classification proposed by Parchi et al., [Parchi P, Giese A, Capellari S, Brown P, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Windl O, Zerr I , Budka H , Kopp N , Piccardo P , Poser S , Rojiani A , Streichemberger N , Julien J , Vital C , Ghetti B , Gambetti P , Kretzschmar H . Classification of sporadic Creutzfeld…

Automated decision tree classification of corneal shape.

PURPOSE: The volume and complexity of data produced during videokeratography examinations present a challenge of interpretation. As a consequence, results are often analyzed qualitatively by subjective pattern recognition or reduced to comparisons of summary indices. We describe the application of decision tree induction, an automated machine learning classification method, to discriminate between normal and keratoconic corneal shapes in an objective and quantitative way. We then compared this method with other known classification methods. METHODS: The corneal surface was modeled with a seve…

[Practice-related diagnostic classification of orofacial pain].

In this article, a practical diagnostic classification of orofacial pain for use in the general dental practice is presented. In contrast to the detailed taxonomy proposed by Okeson (1995), this classification is limited to those pain conditions dentists are confronted with most frequently. Furthermore, the fundamental differences of somatic versus neuropathic pain, localized versus widespread pain, and acute versus chronic pain are emphasized. Principles of managing the different pain entities are suggested.

[Nephrotic syndrome: pathophysiology, classification and diagnostic criteria].

The nephrotic syndrome is defined by heavy proteinuria due to abnormal increase of glomerular permeability and following hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia and edema. Disorders of size selective barrier, charge selective barrier, slit diaphragm and circulating permeability factors are thought to be the causes of proteinuria. Most patients with nephrotic edema have primary salt retention. Overproduction and impaired catabolism of lipoproteins are the causes of hyperlipidemia. Abnormality of coagulation factors is also associated with nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome may be primary or seconda

[Tinnitus--classification, causes, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis].

Up to 45% of all adults in the industrialized countries are afflicted by noises in the ears--approximately one million people require treatment in Germany alone. Classification of tinnitus is oriented to the duration of symptoms and their severity, the latter taking into account the victim's distress both at work and during leisure time. Acute tinnitus is often caused by an ear condition or psychosocial stress. Chronic tinnitus can be caused by persistent exposure to noise, whiplash injuries or functional disorders of the cervical spine. The diagnosis is based on audiometric and otoneurologic …

[Necrotizing soft tissue infections: nomenclature and classification].

Terminology used to refer to necrotizing infections is extensive because of the absence of clear definitions and the use of classification systems based on a variety of criteria, including etiologic, microbiologic, anatomic, and clinical aspects. This situation has led to some confusion. In the attempt to unify terminology, it might be more appropriate to use only the terms necrotizing fasciitis and myonecrosis, in which differentiation is mainly anatomical. Another option would be to use only the expression necrotizing soft tissue infections, a non-specific term, since these constitute a grou…

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: macroscopic type and stage classification.

The Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan established a classification of macroscopic type and the TNM staging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). With the observation of more than 240 resected cases of ICC, three fundamental types were established. They were: (1) mass-forming (MF) type, (2) periductal-infiltrating (PI) type, and (3) intraductal growth (IG) type. The MF type forms a definite mass, located in the liver parenchyma. The PI type is defined as ICC which extends mainly longitudinally along the bile duct, often resulting in dilatation of the peripheral bile duct. The IG type prolif…

Молекулярная классификация спорадической болезни Креуцфельдта-Якоба.

Согласно только белковой гипотезе распространения прионов, аномальная изоформа (названная PrP(Sc)) клеточного белка приона (PRP(C)) является главным или единственным компонентом трансмиссивных прионов. Однако существование множественных прионовых штаммов было трудно учесть в этой гипотезе. Ранее мы сообщали об идентификации четырех типов prP(Sc) человека, связанных с спорадическими и приобретенными прионными заболеваниями. Эти типы PrP(Sc) отличаются разной молекулярной массой фрагментов после ограниченного белкового пищеварения K и различными соотношениями ди-, моно и безгликозилированного Pr

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
According to the protein-only hypothesis of prion propagation, an abnormal isoform (designated PrP(Sc)) of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C … , and suggesting that further molecular subtypes of CJD may exist at lower frequencies. A molecular classification of sporadic CJD is proposed.

Bacteria classification using Cyranose 320 electronic nose.

BACKGROUND: An electronic nose (e-nose), the Cyrano Sciences' Cyranose 320, comprising an array of thirty-two polymer carbon black composite … lasses though in reality other two classes were not better evident from PCA analysis and we got 74% classification accuracy from PCA. An innovative data clustering approach was investigated for these bacteria data by combining the 3-dimensional scatter plot, Fuzzy C Means (FCM) and Self Organizing Map (SOM) network. Using these three data clustering algorithms s …

[Functional hyperandrogenism--classification, etiology, diagnosis and therapy].

The classification of functional hyperandrogenism (FHA) presented in this paper is based on well known clinical experience supported by recent data of molecular biology. Functional hyperandrogenism is composed of various organ system-specific entities with consequently differential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The term polycystic ovary syndromes (PCOS) is misleading and should be replaced by adequate descriptions. Inspite of intense discussions and progress in molecular biology are with the exception of the here described FHA III-group the etiological consequences unresolved in terms…

Ectodermal dysplasias: a new clinical-genetic classification.

The ectodermal dysplasias (EDs) are a large and complex nosological group of diseases, first described by Thurnam in 1848. In the last 10 ye … nd corresponding clinical findings. Based on our previous report, we now propose a clinical-genetic classification of EDs, expand it to other entities in which no causative genes have been identified based on the phenotype, and speculate on possible candidate genes suggested by associated "non-ectodermal" features.

[External ear injuries--classification and therapeutic concept].

The treatment of traumatic defects of the auricle concerning the exact reconstruction of details and aesthetic aspects is exacting for the surgeon. To face the expectations towards best trauma care, the different locations and extent of auricular injuries should be included in the different therapeutic strategies. The insufficient treatment results in mostly difficult secondary conditions. We present a classification for ear traumas, which considers size and location of defects. Depending on this, different techniques and methods of reconstruction are recommended. Advantages and disadvantages …

Temporal bone necrosis: diagnosis, classification, and management.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to analyze temporal bone necrosis and classify its diagnosis and treatment according to extent of necrosis and cause. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Twenty-six cases of temporal bone necrosis were retrospectively reviewed between 1988 and 1997 at the University of British Columbia. RESULTS: Patients were classified on the basis of disease extent restricted to the tympanic bone or extension beyond the tympanic bone, as well as on the basis of the cause of disease; treatment based on classification. Patients with localized disease of the tympanic bone had minimal s…

Pancreas-sparing duodenectomy: classification, indication and procedures.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recent advances in the surgical anatomy of the pancreatoduodenal region have permitted duodenum-preserving pancreatic head … nths post-operatively. CONCLUSIONS: PSD appears to be applicable in the clinical setting, although classification of the procedure seems mandatory in consideration of indications, techniques, and long-term consequences of biliopancreatic function.

Classification of tetraplegics through automatic movement evaluation.

The general problem of classification of functional movements in humans with spinal cord injuries requires the following questions to be answered: what are the essential kinematic parameters that we have to observe during the movement? Is it possible to estimate preserved motor skills based on kinematics? Which computational method for identification is suited to geometric feature analysis? To answer these questions we have developed the methodology which has two phases: (1) recordings of a series of specified arm movements; and (2) custom made software for graphical presentation of arm moveme…

Discordance in patient classification using T-scores.

In their original study report, "Assessment of Fracture Risk and Its Application to Screening for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis," the World Health Organization (WHO) explicitly stated that any T-score criterion for osteoporosis is sensitive to bone mineral density (BMD) measurement site and technique, as well as the young adult reference population. Yet, the T = -2.5 criterion introduced by WHO is used for many different BMD techniques, despite the fact that it was based primarily on the relationship between forearm measurements and prevalent hip fracture in postmenopausal Caucasian females. It

[Suggestions regarding new classification of epileptic seizures].

INTRODUCTION: A modification of the current classification of epilepsy is proposed taking the clinical and neurophysiological knowledge of recent years into account. DEVELOPMENT: In the first group (partial seizures) those of unknown type are added. In the second group (generalized seizures) typical and atypical absence attacks, tonic, atonic, clonic and tonic-clonic attacks are included. A third group is proposed of generalized or focal seizures, which includes myoclonic seizures, inhibitory seizures (negative myoclonus) and spasms. The fourth group includes subtle seizures of the newborn. T…

Diabetic foot ulcers: prevention, diagnosis and classification.

Diabetic ulcers are the most common foot injuries leading to lower extremity amputation. Family physicians have a pivotal role in the preven … k of an injury that can lead to ulcer formation. Adherence to a systematic regimen of diagnosis and classification can improve communication between family physicians and diabetes subspecialists and facilitate appropriate treatment of complications. This team approach may ultimately lead to a reduction in lower extremity amputations related to diabetes.