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Detection of viral DNA within skin of healed recurrent herpes simplex infection and erythema multiforme lesions.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect HSV DNA in genomic DNA extracted from skin biopsies obtained from healed skin of five patients with hyperpigmented macules following recurrent cutaneous HSV infections and from eight patients with HSV-associated erythema multiforme (EM). A 92-bp HSV-1 DNA fragment was found in all the skin biopsies from the site of recurrent HSV infection and in five of eight (62%) biopsies from the EM patients. Virus DNA was not found in tissues distant from the site of HSV recurrence or from a patient without a history of HSV infection. These findings co

Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol decreases cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity to herpes simplex virus type 1-infected cells.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC), the major psychoactive component of marijuana, on T lymphocyte functional competence against herpes simplex virus Type 1 (HSV1) infection. Spleen cells from C3H/HeJ (H-2k) mice primed with HSV1 and exposed to delta 9-THC were examined for anti-HSV1 cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity. Flow cytometry was used to determine whether delta 9-THC altered T cytotoxic (Lyt-2+) and T helper (L3T4+) lymphocyte numbers or cell ratios. Nomarski optics microscopy was used to determine whether effector lymph…

[Iridoplegia-areflexia syndrome (Weill/Reys-Holmes-Adie), symptoms and etiology as persistent herpes simplex virus infection].

Looking for additional symptoms and signs of the iridoplegia-areflexia-syndrome referable to its unknown etiology we have found spotlike trigeminal numbness, edema, and/or redness suggestive of herpetic origin and more often common signs of herpes simplex virus-infection (HSVI). Indeed the whole picture of the syndrome as we see and describe it, can be explained by typical features of the HSVI. These include persisting HSVI of only the distal sensible or vegetative neurones and recurrence of infection with further destruction of ganglia-cells. These criteria are also decisive whether symptoms …

Histopathology of endocervical infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

We determined the histologic correlates of clinically identified mucopurulent cervicitis, culture-proven cervical infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, herpes simplex virus (HSV), and vaginal infection with Trichomonas vaginalis by examining cervical biopsies from 83 women. Clinical mucopurulent cervicitis and culture-documented infection with one or more of these pathogens correlated histologically with intraepithelial neutrophils, reactive endocervical cells, edema, luminal neutrophils, and with several deeper tissue changes such as extensive and dense subepithelial in…

Herpesvirus infections (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus). How to use ganciclovir (DHPG) and acyclovir.

Herpes viruses (HSV, CMV, VZ) are very frequent in AIDS patients and often exist in a chronic or progressive form. Clinically evident CMV retinitis occurs in approximately 10 per cent of AIDS patients but can be effectively treated with a new nucleoside analogue DHPG (Gancyclovir). Perianal ulcers, proctitis, and other clinical syndromes caused by HSV can be effectively treated with acyclovir (ACV) and HSV recurrences can be prevented by daily administration of ACV. Zoster in a young adult may be the first indication of immunodeficiency due to HIV. Because VZV is less susceptible to ACV than H

Passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies against herpes simplex virus glycoproteins protects mice against herpetic ocular disease.

The effects of passive immunization with specific monoclonal antibodies against herpes simplex virus glycoproteins gB, gC, gD, and gE on the course of herpetic keratitis, survival and the establishment of latency in an outbred mouse model are described. A total of nine monoclonal antibodies were tested in these experiments. Passive immunization at 24 or 48 hours post-inoculation had little effect on the severity of the initial epithelial infection of the cornea, but blocked dissemination of the virus to the central nervous system and periocular tissues and prevented development of blepharitis,…

Randomised double-blind trial of acyclovir (Zovirax) and adenine arabinoside in herpes simplex amoeboid corneal ulceration.

Fifty-one patients were treated in a dual-centre, double-blind comparison of acyclovir and adenine arabinoside in herpetic amoeboid (geographic) corneal ulceration. Twenty-four of the 25 patients receiving acyclovir healed in a mean time of 12.2 days, while 24 of the 26 patients treated with adenine arabinoside healed in a mean time of 11.0 days. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of healing. A second analysis, excluding any patients who had received antiviral treatment immediately prior to entry into the study, showed that 18 of the 19 who receiv

Antibodies against herpes simplex virus type 1 subunit antigens in patients with trigeminal neuralgia and controls.

Serum IgG antibody levels against herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 subunit (capsid, envelope, and excreted) antigens detected with radioimmunoassay were compared in 25 patients with trigeminal neuralgia and their age- and sex-matched controls. No significant differences were found between the patients and controls, either in the distribution of the antibody titers or in the mean titers against any of the subunit antigens tested. In 6 patients HSV antibody titers were tested before and after trigeminal root section; no significant changes were observed.

In-Hospital Outcomes of Acyclovir With or Without Corticosteroid for Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Acyclovir is the standard therapy for herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis, yet mortality remains high. Secondary inflammatory responses triggered by viral infection potentially contribute to additional brain injury. Given their anti-inflammatory properties, corticosteroids are considered a biologically plausible adjunctive treatment for HSV encephalitis. However, evidence regarding their effects remains inconclusive, highlighting the need for large-scale evidence. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Japanese national inpatient Diagnosis …

A case report of severe myocarditis combined with erythema multiforme caused by herpes simplex virus-1.

Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is a recognised pathogen that is primarily associated with skin mucosal infection. However, in rare cases, it has been observed to lead to skin extramucosal manifestations, including myocarditis. The present case report documents the occurrence of severe myocarditis in a 35-year-old female patient, attributed to HSV-1 infection. She received cardiac support in the form of VA-ECMO (Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation). Concurrently, the patient exhibited cutaneous manifestations of erythema multiforme, which demonstrated a favourable response to antiv…

Unusual Oral Presentations of Herpes Simplex Virus-1: A Series of Eight Cases and Literature Review.

AIMS: The aim of this study is to characterize the clinical and microscopic features of recurrent oral/labial HSV-1 infection with unusual clinical presentations. METHODS: A literature review and retrospective case series of patients with recurrent oral/labial HSV-1 with unusual presentations were conducted. Data were collected from medical records, and all cases were confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Eight patients (five males, 62.5%; three females, 37.5%) with a mean age of 61.8 years presented with unusual HSV-1 manifestations, including solitary lesions, whit

Health economic impact of early versus delayed treatment of herpes simplex virus encephalitis in the UK.

OBJECTIVE: Thanks to the introduction of recent national guidelines for treating herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis, health outcomes have improved. This paper evaluates the health system costs and the health-related quality of life implications of these guidelines. DESIGN AND SETTING: A sub-analysis of data from a prospective, multi-centre, observational cohort ENCEPH-UK study conducted across 29 hospitals in the UK from 2012 to 2015. STUDY PARTICIPANTS: Data for patients aged ≥16 years with a confirmed HSV encephalitis diagnosis admitted for treatment with aciclovir were collected at d…

Safety and immunogenicity of investigational herpes simplex virus-2 vaccines in adults with recurrent genital infection.

HSV529 and G103 are investigational therapeutic vaccines for genital herpes. HSV529 is a replication-defective HSV-2. G103 contains three recombinant HSV-2 proteins: truncated UL19 and gD2 and full-length UL25. A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted over a two-dose schedule to assess various combinations of G103 and HSV529 with GLA-SE adjuvant in 24 participants. No immediate unsolicited adverse reactions were observed. Most injection site reactions (>50 %) were grade 2 with one reported grade 3 swelling. Grade 2 systemic reactions (headache and myalgia) were independent

Breaching the Barrier: Investigating Initial Herpes Simplex Viral Infection and Spread in Human Skin and Mucosa.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is sexually transmitted via the anogenital mucosa where it initially infects epidermal keratinocytes and mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs). It then spreads to the dorsal root ganglion via sensory nerve endings, to remain latent for life with periodic reactivation. Currently, there is no cure or vaccine. Initial or recurrent HSV infection can produce serious complications and mediate acquisition of HIV. This review outlines the initial events after the HSV infection of human anogenital mucosa to determine the optimal window to target the virus before it becomes latent. Af…

Esophagitis in a Post-Liver Transplant Patient: A Case of Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Coinfection.

In post-liver transplant patients, esophagitis presents a diagnostic and management challenge due to the potential for opportunistic infecti … xtensive ulcerations, raising suspicion for infectious etiologies such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). The biopsy confirmed a rare coinfection of CMV and HSV-1, which was characterized histologically by viral cytopathic effects and immunohistochemical staining. Treatment with valganciclovir and temporary cessation of mycophenolate le …

Neonatal herpes simplex virus encephalitis with intracranial bleeding in a newborn baby with concurrent rhesus incompatibility.

We report a baby with neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis concurrent with Rrhesus (Rh) incompatibility. He was delivered by a Ggravida 2 mother with a history of miscarriage in her previous pregnancy at a gestation age of 4 months. She had Bblood group 0 and Rrhesus negative. The baby was noticed to have jaundice on day one1 of life accompanied by generalised petechiae on the face and upper chest. A full blood picture revealed severe anaemia and severe thrombocytopaenia and HSV 1/2 IgM was positive. MRI of the brain showed multiple extensive haemorrhagic lesions on the frontal-tem…

Герпес простой энцефалит после вакцинации ChADOx1 nCOV-19: отчет о деле и обзор литературы.

С момента применения первых доз вакцин COVID-19 поступали сообщения о случаях неблагоприятных последствий. Вирусные инфекции, в частности герпес сывороточный реинфекцион и монеты, были зарегистрированы после применения различных видов вакцин. Насколько нам известно, до сих пор не было никаких сообщений о герпесе сывороточного энцефалита после применения вакцины COVID-19. В этой статье предполагается сообщить о случае герпеса simpex enцефалита у 27-летнего пациента мужского пола, который был вакцинирован вакциной CADOx1 nCOV-19.ВЫВОДЫ: Наше исследование свидетельствует о возможном, но весьма ре

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Ever since the administration of early doses of COVID-19 vaccines, instances of adverse effects have been reported. Viral infections, specifically herpes simplex reinfection and coinfections, have been reported following administration of different types of vaccines. To our knowledge, there have not been any reports of herpes simplex encephalitis…

Fascinating Molecular and Immune Escape Mechanisms in the Treatment of STIs (Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and Herpes Simplex).

The incidence of syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and herpes simplex has increased over the last decade, despite the numerous prevention strategies. Worldwide scientists report a surge in drug-resistant infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Antigenic variations in syphilis enable long-term infection, but benzathine penicillin G maintains its efficiency, whereas macrolides should be recommended with caution. Mupirocin and zoliflodacin were recently introduced as therapies against ceftriaxone-resistant gonococcus, which poses a larger global threat. The gastrointestinal and pros…