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Plasma Cell Granuloma Mimicking Plasmacytoma Illustrated by 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography.

Background: Plasma cell granuloma is generally considered a pseudotumor formed by reactive, polyclonal plasma cells. Although most cases can show polyclonal gammaglobulin production, quite a minority may exhibit monoclonal gammopathy, which mimics plasma cell neoplasms such as multiple myeloma or plasmacytoma. Because of this overlap, distinguishing reactive monoclonal proliferation from true malignancy is clinically essential. Case report: A 79-year-old man was presented with an anterior chest wall mass that had grown during investigation for fever of unknown origin. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose po…

The prognostic factors and immune microenvironment of primary plasma cell leukemia: the KMMWP-2204 study.

Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is a rare but highly aggressive plasma cell malignancy with a dismal prognosis. We retrospectively analyzed the KMMWP-2204 cohort of 127 patients with newly diagnosed pPCL from 20 Korean centers to identify prognostic factors and assess treatment outcomes, and integrated these findings with exploratory single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from bone marrow samples obtained from 4 patients with pPCL, 2 with multiple myeloma, and 3 healthy donors. Our findings support the revised 2021 International Myeloma Working Group 5% circulating plasma cell (CPC) d

Staged Surgical Resection of Giant Multicentric Cranial Plasma Cell Neoplasms: A Case Report.

Calvarial plasma cell neoplasms are uncommon and may present as destructive osteolytic lesions, requiring careful distinction among localize … of both lesions demonstrated a plasma cell neoplasm, and immunohistochemistry showed CD138-positive plasma cells with kappa light-chain restriction, confirming a clonal plasma cell neoplasm. The patient recovered without neurological deficit and was referred to hematology for systemic staging. This case highlights the importance of considering plasma cell neop …

Serine Protease HTRA1 Membranous Nephropathy With Polytypic IgG Concurrent With Plasma Cell Dyscrasia.

A growing number of target antigens have been identified in membranous nephropathy (MN) in recent years. Clinical correlations exist for some MN antigens, whereas others remain poorly characterized because of their rarity. High-temperature requirement A serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1) is the target antigen in approximately 1%-2% of MN cases without any established disease associations. Recent studies suggest HTRA1-MN may associate with malignancies in approximately 12% of cases, mostly solid tumors. To date, only 2 cases of HTRA1-MN have been reported in the setting of atypical hematopoietic disord

Pseudohyperphosphatemia related to a monoclonal immunoglobulin in a patient with plasma cell leukemia: an analytical interference to be aware of.

We report a case of pseudohyperphosphatemia in a patient with multiple myeloma that progressed to plasma cell leukaemia. This pseudohyperphosphatemia was caused by an analytical interference between monoclonal immunoglobulin and ammonium molybdate, a reagent used for measuring inorganic phosphate. Accurate measurement of blood inorganic phosphate levels requires prior protein precipitation to eliminate assay interference. Extrarenal purification treatments helped reduce the monoclonal immunoglobulin concentration and eliminated the interference during phosphate measurement. Pseudohyperphosphat

Aberrant CD4 Expression in Plasma Cell Myeloma With Unusual Morphology: A Rare Diagnostic Pitfall.

Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is a clonal plasma cell neoplasm diagnosed by its characteristic morphology and immunophenotype. Rarely, it shows significant morphological and immunophenotypic heterogeneity, mimicking other hematolymphoid malignancies. This case highlights PCM with deceptive morphology and aberrant T-cell marker expression, underscoring a key diagnostic pitfall. A 62-year-old female presented with an indurated lesion on the left lateral aspect of the tongue and left shoulder swelling for one month, with associated constitutional symptoms. Laboratory investigations showed anemia, rai

Complex Chromothripsis-like Features in Plasma Cell Myeloma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Backgroundand Clinical Significance: Chromothripsis represents a catastrophic genomic event in plasma cell myeloma (PCM) associated with poor prognosis. We report a case of newly diagnosed PCM with complex cytogenetic abnormalities indicative of genomic instability. Case Presentation: A 67-year-old man presented with acute dyspnea and was found to have severe acute kidney injury, anemia, hypercalcemia, and IgG lambda monoclonal gammopathy. Bone marrow biopsy revealed plasma cell infiltration. Comprehensive FISH analysis demonstrated a complex pattern with gain of 1q, monosomy 13, and multiple

Cytokines and chemokines in plasma as markers reflecting immunophenotype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Cancer immunophenotypes-immune desert (ID), immune excluded (IE), and immune inflamed (II)-reflect intratumoral immune activity and correlate with immunotherapy efficacy. Serological methods for non-invasive immunophenotyping would be clinically valuable for selecting therapies. We measured plasma concentrations of cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-16, IL-18, VEGF), chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL13), and soluble membrane molecules (sPD-1, sPD-L1, sCTLA-4, sCD163) in 49 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and 22 healthy donors using an automated chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay sy

Humanized mice enable in vivo evaluation of engineered plasma cell biology and therapeutic function.

Engineered plasma cells (ePCs) offer a durable strategy for in vivo delivery of therapeutic antibodies, but standard immunodeficient mouse models lack human immune factors critical for plasma cell survival and function. We utilized a humanized mouse model in which NOD.Cg- Prkdc scid Il2rg tm1Wjl /SzJ (NSG) mice were engrafted with human CD34 + stem cells as recipients for infusions with autologous ePCs. In this setting, ePCs localized to plasma cell niches and stably secreted antibodies for over three months. To improve the selection of antibodies for secretion, we developed a B cell receptor …

The bone marrow immune ecosystem shapes daratumumab acquired resistance in plasma cell myeloma.

Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, is an effective therapy for plasma cell myeloma (PCM). However, many initial responders relap … f NK-cells decreased and had an increased inhibitory phenotype. Transcription of CD38 in neoplastic plasma cells decreased. Numbers of immune cells in cancer centre defined by DSP were significantly decreased in parallel with an increased exhaustion signature. The acquired resistance signature and elevated PCM subset phenotype were associated with worse progno …

Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Content Is Associated With Plasma Aldosterone Concentration in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism.

BACKGROUND: Inflammation plays a pivotal role in blood pressure regulation. Current data reflect the important role of T cells in primary hypertension. The role of dendritic cells (DC) in secondary hypertension-primary aldosteronism (PA) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to quantify peripheral blood T lymphocytes, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), and inflammatory markers in individuals with PA compared to essential hypertension (HTN). METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with PA and 15 patients with HTN were enrolled. Clinical data, serum aldosterone concentration, ambulatory blood pres

Fusion of liposomes incorporating α-linolenic acid with the cell plasma membrane is site-restricted.

This study assesses the interactions of liposomes incorporating unsaturated cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (α-linolenic acid) with model and cell membranes. The liposome-cell membrane interactions that initiate a membrane fusion process may enable a direct cytoplasmic delivery of liposomal cargo. Experimental results confirm the incorporation of α-linolenic acid (αLA) into, and a consequent concentration-dependent increase in the fluidity of, the liposomal lipid bilayer, as demonstrated by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and a laurdan emission assay, respectively. On mixing with simple membrane-model l

CYTOKINE IMBALANCE IN PLASMA CELL MYELOMA PATIENTS SURVIVED AFTER THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT.

BACKGROUND: As is commonly known, cytokines have an ability to influence the inflammatory reactions, cytotoxiceffects, as well as the immune defense of the body. Study of the disease course depending on the ratio of pro andanti inflammatory cytokines is an urgent problem of contemporary oncohematology for the purpose of personalizedtreatment and improvement of the quality of life of patients with plasma cell myeloma who survived after theChornobyl NPP accident. OBJECTIVE: comparative analysis of the state of cytokine regulation in plasma cell myeloma patients at differentstages of therapy dep

Comparative Diagnostic Performance of Flow Cytometry, Aspiration, and Biopsy with Immunohistochemistry in Plasma Cell Neoplasms.

Background: Plasma cell neoplasms (PCNs) are a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies that require accurate and timely diagnosis for effective management. Despite the availability of multiple diagnostic tools, challenges remain due to clinical and morphological variability. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of three key modalities, including flow cytometry (FCM), bone marrow aspiration (BMA), and bone marrow biopsy with immunohistochemistry (BMB+IHC), in patients with plasma cell neoplasms. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 52 patient

Prospective Pilot Study of Plasma Cell-Targeted Therapy With Bortezomib in Refractory IgA Nephropathy.

INTRODUCTION: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a leading cause of kidney failure, characterized by galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) deposition and immune complex formation. Aberrant trafficking of IgA+ plasma cells and autoantibody production (IgG or IgA) contribute to disease pathogenesis. Proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib may modulate B or plasma cell activity and reduce pathogenic antibody production. METHODS: This open-label, prospective, uncontrolled trial evaluated bortezomib in adults with biopsy-confirmed IgAN, proteinuria > 1.5 g/d, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥…

Perforation of the host cell plasma membrane during Toxoplasma invasion requires rhoptry exocytosis.

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite. Proteins released during host cell invasion from apical secretory organelles known as rhoptries are delivered into the host cell cytosol to perform functions critical for parasite survival and virulence. How these effector proteins move across the host cell plasma membrane is unknown but may involve a previously noted temporary loss of host cell plasma membrane barrier integrity. Here, we use high-speed, multi-wavelength fluorescence imaging to spatially monitor the barrier integrity of the host cell plasma membrane, in real time, during

Текущая стратификация и установка множественных миелом и связанные с этим нарушения клональной плазменной клетки.

Клональные расстройства плазменных клеток охватывают целый спектр таких заболеваний, как множественная миелома (ММ), моноклонная гаммопатия неопределённого значения (МГУС), хмельная миелома (МММ), макроглобулиномия Уолденстрёма (ВМ) и амилоидоз иммуноглобулиновой цепи. В MGS, SMM и MM риск развития сильно варьируется и зависит от сложного взаимодействия нагрузки опухоли, цитогенетических аномалий, микроокружающей среды костного мозга и факторов хостинга. Уолденстрёмская макроглобулинемия, хотя она обычно и является бестактной, представляет собой свой собственный спектр молекулярных аномалий и

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Introduction Clonal plasma cell disorders encompass a broad and biologically diverse group of plasma cell and lymphoplasmacytic neoplasms, including multiple myeloma (MM), smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) … MGUS is defined by the presence of a circulating monoclonal (M) protein <3 g/dL, clonal bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) < 10%, and no evidence of end-organ damage attributable to the plasma cell disorder [ 32 ]. …

Plasma Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-free DNA assay: a diagnostic tool for tuberculosis lymphadenitis.

BACKGROUND: Bacterial confirmation in suspected tuberculosis lymphadenitis patients is challenging. This study evaluates plasma Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-free DNA as a diagnostic tool for tuberculosis lymphadenitis. METHODS: A quantitative PCR assay targeting IS6110, IS1081, and cyp141 genes was performed on plasma samples. The study included 95 tuberculosis lymphadenitis patients and 60 controls. Sensitivity of the plasma Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-free DNA assay was assessed against fine needle aspiration GeneXpert Ultra, fine needle aspiration culture, and fine needle aspiration

Renal Transplant Outcomes in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias and AL Amyloidosis after Treatment with Daratumumab.

Background: The morbidity and mortality from AL amyloidosis has significantly improved with the development of novel treatments. Daratumumab is a highly effective treatment for AL amyloidosis, but end-stage kidney disease is a common complication of this condition. Kidney transplantation is the ideal form of renal replacement therapy but has historically been contraindicated in this group of patients. Methods: Given the improved survival and better treatments of both conditions, we argue that it is time to reconsider transplanting these patients. Results: We report our experience of transplant