Результаты поиска

Early Detection and Diagnostic Approach Through Automated Hematological Analysis for Plasma Cell Leukemia.

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a clinically aggressive variant of multiple myeloma, characterized by a high burden of circulating plasma cells, necessitating swift and accurate diagnosis due to its poor prognosis. The conventional diagnostic criteria, including the recent recommendation by the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) of > 5% circulating plasma cells as positive, have evolved over time. In this context, we present a detailed case report that underscores the pivotal role of the ADVIA 2120 automated hematology counter in detecting plasma cells through cytogram analysis, along wi…

A Representation of Metastatic Plasma Cell Myeloma as an Uncommonly Shaped Liver Tumor-A Case Report.

The presence of an oval-shaped lesion in the liver is mainly associated with either primary liver cancer or metastatic disease from another malignancy. However, we present the case of a 62-year-old patient diagnosed with plasma cell myeloma, which reveals that these kinds of lesions can also be found during the course of this disease. Rarity and non-specificity make this a very challenging diagnosis for radiologists. It involves a special alert from the doctors taking care of the patient. Biopsy may sometimes be necessary to make a correct diagnosis. It is significant to ensure that the correc

Bilateral plasma cell mastitis simulating breast cancer: a case report and literature review.

Plasma cell mastitis (PCM) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the breast. It is a benign entity mainly found in nonpregnant and nonlactating women. PCM presents with symptoms of inflammation, breast erythema, masses, and indurations. We herein describe a 26-year-old woman with a 2-year history of right breast swelling and a 1-year history of left breast swelling during pregnancy and lactation. She was clinically diagnosed with bilateral breast cancer, but a biopsy specimen revealed PCM. During pregnancy and lactation, PCM can present as bilateral lesions. Early presentation and diagnosis are

IgA plasma cell myeloma presenting as cold agglutinin-induced haemolytic transfusion reaction.

Cold agglutinins produced in the setting of B cell neoplasms, such as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma and plasma cell myeloma, can mediate autoimmune haemolytic anemia. Transfusion of these patients can exacerbate cold agglutinin-mediated haemolysis. Moreover, the workup for these reactions represents a diagnostic challenge due in part to false negative direct antiglobulin tests (DATs). Here, we report an anaemic patient who after a red blood cell (RBC) transfusion performed without blood warming, experienced a DAT-negative haemolytic transfusion reaction, and was later diagnosed with IgA-multiple

Analysis of the effect of permeant solutes on the hydraulic resistance of the plasma membrane in cells of Chara corallina.

In the cells of Chara corallina, permeant monohydric alcohols including methanol, ethanol and 1-propanol increased the hydraulic resistance of the membrane (Lpm-1). We found that the relative value of the hydraulic resistance (rLpm-1) was linearly dependent on the concentration (Cs) of the alcohol. The relationship is expressed in the equation: rLpm-1 = ρmCs + 1, where ρm is the hydraulic resistance modifier coefficient of the membrane. Ye et al. (2004) showed that membrane-permeant glycol ethers also increased Lp-1. We used their data to estimate Lpm-1 and rLpm-1. The values of rLpm-1 fit the

Plasma cell myeloma in a 9-year-old male: Case report and literature review.

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Plasma cell myeloma is a rare entity in the pediatric population. The peak incidence is in the seventh decade, with less than 2% of cases occurring in patients under the age of 40. It is worth noting that any destructive bony lesion in a child should be investigated. ABSTRACT: Plasma cell myeloma (multiple myeloma) is the most common form of plasma cell neoplasm. It is a rare entity in young patients. The peak incidence is in the seventh decade, with less than 2% of cases occurring in patients under the age of 40. A male patient aged 9 years old with a progressive pain i

Widespread purplish-red plaques with plasma cell infiltrate: A rare type of lichen planus.

Diseases in which cutaneous plasma cell infiltrates predominate are rare and usually of unknown etiology, including those that transition from benign to malignant, such as cutaneous plasmacytosis, multicentric Castleman disease, and extramedullary plasmacytoma. These diseases may present as purplish, reddish-brown cutaneous plaques or nodules. Here, we report an exceptional case of lichen planus (LP) in which the patient had classic histopathological features, but the infiltrating inflammatory cells were plasma cells with restricted light chain expression. The patient presented with severe ras…

Differences in the proteome within extracellular vesicles between premalignant and malignant plasma cell disorders.

BACKGROUND: Precursor plasma cell disorders such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) always precede the development of active malignancies such as multiple myeloma (MM). There is a need for novel biomarkers to identify those patients with such precursor plasma cell disorders who rapidly progress to MM. Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) may serve as a reservoir of potential biomarkers that can shed light on the pathogenesis and disease biology of MM. METHODS: This study isolated small EVs (SEVs) and large EVs (LEVs) from the platelet-poor peripheral blood pla

A rare presentation of spontaneous splenic rupture from plasma cell leukaemia-a case report.

Spontaneous/atraumatic splenic rupture is rare, and often associated with underlying infectious disease, or haematological malignancy. Plasma cell leukaemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive subtype of multiple myeloma, with a higher prevalence of hepatosplenomegaly with a bleeding diathesis from secondary to thrombocytopaenia. We report the case of an 82-year-old male presenting to the emergency department with altered mentation and complaints of left abdominal pain. He presented with haemorrhagic shock. Imaging revealed a spontaneous splenic rupture. He underwent emergency laparotomy and splene

Tolerability of Daratumumab Amongst Asian Patients with Plasma Cell Dyscrasias - A Single Centre Experience.

Daratumumab is increasingly incorporated into the standard treatment regimens for patients with plasma cell dyscrasias in Asia, especially with cost-containment measures implemented by various regional health authorities. This analysis aimed to study daratumumab's tolerability amongst Asian patients. This is a retrospective medical records review of patients who received daratumumab between November 2016 and August 2021 as part of routine clinical care. Sixty-two patients were included in the study: 62.9% had renal impairment, and 27.4% had creatinine clearance (CrCl) \<30ml/min. Forty-five pa

Proteasome inhibition reduces plasma cell and antibody secretion, but not angiotensin II-induced hypertension.

INTRODUCTION: Depletion of mature B cells affords protection against experimental hypertension. However, whether B cell-mediated hypertension is dependent on differentiation into antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) remains unclear. Using the proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, the present study tested the effect of ASC reduction on angiotensin II-induced hypertension. METHODS: Male C57BL6/J mice were infused with angiotensin II (0.7 mg/kg/day; s.c.) for 28 days via osmotic minipump to induce hypertension. Normotensive control mice received saline infusion. Bortezomib (750 μg/kg) or vehicle (0.1% DM

TNF-α AND IONIZING RADIATION: THE ROLE IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT OF PLASMA CELL MYELOMA (review).

The review presents data from the literature on the role of Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and ionizing radiation (IR) in the pathogenesis and treatment of plasma cell myeloma (PCM). There was analyzed disturbance of regulation of functioning of this cytokine, which affects the interaction of the immune system with substrate plasma cells under the influence of negative external factors, including ionizing radiation IR. Modern directions of therapy of this disease using the latest technologies are presented, in particular CAR T-cell therapy, which will allow to optimize in the future treatment…

Plasma Cell Leukemia-Clinicopathological Profile from a Tertiary Care Center in Western India.

Poornima ManimaranIntroduction  Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is very uncommon and aggressive neoplasm constituting 2 to 4% of all plasma cell dyscrasias. By definition, clonal plasma cells should make up 20% of peripheral blood or have an absolute plasma cell count of 2 × 10 9 cells/cu.mm. PCL can be primary or secondary. In this study, the clinicohematological features of PCL, and correlation of immunophenotypic profile and conventional therapies with overall survival was analyzed. Materials and Methods  This retrospective study involved PCL patients who were diagnosed across a 12-year period, …

Krüppel-like factor 2 controls IgA plasma cell compartmentalization and IgA responses.

Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is a potent regulator of lymphocyte differentiation, activation and migration. However, its functional role in adaptive and humoral immunity remains elusive. Therefore, by using mice with a B cell-specific deletion of KLF2, we investigated plasma cell differentiation and antibody responses. We revealed that the deletion of KLF2 resulted in perturbed IgA plasma cell compartmentalization, characterized by the absence of IgA plasma cells in the bone marrow, their reductions in the spleen, the blood and the lamina propria of the colon and the small intestine, concomita…

IgM Plasma Cell Myeloma: Clinicopathologic Features Including Evaluation for MYD88 and CXCR4 Mutations.

OBJECTIVES: Immunoglobulin M plasma cell myeloma (IgMPCM) is a rare entity that is difficult to distinguish from other IgM-related neoplasms. The study aims to characterize the clinicopathologic features of IgMPCM, including MYD88 L265P and CXCR4 mutations. METHODS: From our institutional archives, bone marrow biopsy specimens from January 1, 2008, to December 1, 2018, with monotypic plasma cells (PCs) expressing IgM that met current International Myeloma Working Group/World Health Organization criteria for PCM were included. Sanger sequencing was used to test for MYD88 L265P and WHIM-like CX…

Identification of High-Risk Multiple Myeloma With a Plasma Cell Leukemia-Like Transcriptomic Profile.

PURPOSE: Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is an aggressive subtype of multiple myeloma, which is distinguished from newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) on the basis of the presence of ≥ 20% circulating tumor cells (CTCs). A molecular marker for pPCL is currently lacking, which could help identify NDMM patients with high-risk PCL-like disease, despite not having been recognized as such clinically. METHODS: A transcriptomic classifier for PCL-like disease was bioinformatically constructed and validated by leveraging information on baseline CTC levels, tumor burden, and tumor transcriptom

Secondary Hemophagocytic Syndrome in a Patient with Plasma Cell Myeloma and CNS Involvement Treated with Lenalidomide.

We present an extremely rare case report of a 29-year-old multiple myeloma patient with central nervous system involvement and secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). We observed that HLH was presumably triggered by the immunomodulatory drug-lenalidomide. HLH is frequently misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed. As HLH requires immediate treatment, our report emphasizes the need to consider HLH in the differential diagnosis when the condition of a patient receiving chemotherapy rapidly deteriorates and an infectious etiology is excluded. We furthermore discuss the pathogenesis of HLH, with

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Introduction Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is a malignancy which contributes to approximately 10% of hematological neoplasms and 1% of all cancers [ 1 ]. … Plasma cell leukemia was excluded, as no plasma cells were detected in the peripheral blood smear. The concentration of monoclonal protein increased to 1.9 g/dL. Taking into account the rapid progression, it was decided to initiate the KRD-PACE protocol. …

Complete response following treatment of plasma cell leukemia with venetoclax and dexamethasone: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare but aggressive variant of multiple myeloma (MM) with a poor prognosis. Due to the limited … initiating venetoclax-dexamethasone, including a repeat bone marrow biopsy that showed no abnormal plasma cells. He successfully underwent consolidation with melphalan-based autologous stem cell transplantation. He remains disease-free 9 months after venetoclax initiation. DISCUSSION: Combination all-oral therapy with venetoclax and dexamethasone can induce …

β Cell function and plasma insulin clearance in people with obesity and different glycemic status.

BackgroundIt is unclear how excess adiposity and insulin resistance affect β cell function, insulin secretion, and insulin clearance in people with obesity.MethodsWe used a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp procedure and a modified oral glucose tolerance test to evaluate the interrelationships among obesity, insulin sensitivity, insulin kinetics, and glycemic status in 5 groups of individuals: normoglycemic lean and obese individuals with (a) normal fasting glucose and normal glucose tolerance (Ob-NFG-NGT), (b) NFG and impaired glucose tolerance (Ob-NFG-IGT), (c) impaired fasting glucose and I

Apocrine Hidrocystoma with IgG4 Plasma Cell Infiltration Presenting as Recurrent Chalazion: A Case Report.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign cystic tumors resulting from apocrine sweat glands' proliferation. They typically present as solitary, slow-growing nodules at the head and neck, especially in the periorbital cutaneous region. We present a case of periorbital apocrine hidrocystoma in a 22-year-old woman that was treated as chalazion previously. Besides the hallmark histopathological findings of apocrine hidrocystoma, IgG4 plasma cell infiltration of the cystic wall was also found. The ratio of IgG4-to-IgG-positive plasma cells was high, whereas serum IgG4 was within the standard limit. This i…