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Pencil Beam Scanning (PBS) Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT) Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Canal Cancer-Single Institution Experience.

Background: A favourable dose distribution has been described for proton beam therapy (PBT) of anal cancer in dosimetric studies. The relati … DP plus capecitabine was administered as per protocol. The treatment effect was assessed using DRE (digital rectal examination) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) within the follow-up period. Toxicity was scaled using CTCAE version 4.0 criteria. Results: 39 of 41 patients treated during the period of February 2014-August 2021 were eligible for analysis. All patients compl …

[Finasteride in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

BACKGROUND: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common urinary disorders in elderly men. The symptoms of this disease are … S: Prostatocystitis was diagnosed in 30 men among the patients treated at the first visit after the digital rectal examination (DRE) trial and they qualified for antibiotic therapy. Suspicion of a tumor was diagnosed in 69 (1.59 %) patients of the study group at the first visit after the DRE trial and they qualified for biopsy of the prostate after the PSA trial and TRUS at …

Minority issues in prostate disease.

This article has discussed the increased incidence and disproportionately increased mortality of prostate cancer among African American men. … rostate cancer should be offered screening beginning at age 40. Proper screening consists of both a digital rectal examination to assess for asymmetry or nodules of the prostate and a serum PSA. Current recommendations are that individuals with a serum PSA greater than 4 ng/mL ora prostate nodule or asymmetric prostate should be referred to an urologist,where a biopsy can b …

Association of Nonadherence to Cancer Screening Examinations With Mortality From Unrelated Causes: A Secondary Analysis of the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Patient nonadherence to chronic disease prevention guidelines is associated with increased mortality. Nonadherence to offered ca … ed chest radiographs and flexible sigmoidoscopy for both sexes, prostate-specific antigen tests and digital rectal examinations for men, and cancer antigen 125 tests and transvaginal ultrasonography for women. At baseline, participants completed a self-administered questionnaire. The cohort was classified into those receiving all sex-specified PLCO Cancer Screening trial sc …

Utility of free/total prostate specific antigen (f/t PSA) ratio in diagnosis of prostate carcinoma.

The discovery that PSA exists in serum in both free and complexed forms led to development of immunoassays specific for different PSA forms. … have been biopsied but with combination of total PSA in the range of 5-20 ng/ml, normal findings in digital rectal examination and TRUS and f/t PSA ratio more than 0.16 (cutoff), we could have avoided 16 biopsies which were unnecessary that means there was 43% reduction in unnecessary biopsies.

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays for prostate cancer.

RT-PCR, if targeted against a prostate-specific marker, can be a highly specific and sensitive assay to detect the presence of occult prosta … ostic information. Prostate manipulation does, in fact, appear to affect the RT-PCR assay. Although digital rectal examination and cystoscopy do not seem sufficiently invasive to release prostate cells into the circulation, a small number of individuals undergoing transrectal ultrasound biopsy will experience this phenomenon. This observation provides a cautionary note rela …

[Efficient capture and proteomics analysis of urinary extracellular vesicles by affinity purification].

Liquid biopsy is a promising alternative to traditional tissue biopsies for diagnosing cancer because it offers advantages such as minimal i … ally evaluate patients with suspected PCa include serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and digital rectal examination (DRE), with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transrectal ultrasound often recommended for further assessment. However, both PSA testing and DRE have limited specificities, which results in a substantial number of unnecessary prostate biopsies. C …

Zinc α2-glycoprotein as a potential novel urine biomarker for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer.

UNLABELLED: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The use of biomarkers to detect a cancer early, especially prostate cancer, is not a new idea and PSA has been proved to be the best biomarker for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Since the introduction and wide use of PSA various efforts have been made to find novel biomarkers in both serum and urine of individuals at high risk for prostate cancer. The best example of a biomarker detected in the urine after a vigorous digital rectal examination is PCA3, which is used mainly in the subgroup of patients with PSA 4-10 n…

Effect of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in men with equivocal or clinically high-risk non-suspicious findings on multiparametric MRI (PRIMARY2): a multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: MRI is recommended for men with clinical suspicion of significant prostate cancer. Those with high clinical risk but non-suspici … specific antigen [PSA] density of >0·1 ng/mL/mL, strong family history of prostate cancer, abnormal digital rectal examination, BRCA mutation, PSA >10 ng/mL, PSA doubling time <36 months, or PSA velocity >0·75 ng/mL per year), PSA of 20 ng/mL or less, and clinical T2 disease or less. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) using a centralised web-based system to undergo [ …

Local anaesthetic transperineal biopsy versus transrectal prostate biopsy in prostate cancer detection (TRANSLATE): a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer diagnosis requires biopsy, traditionally performed under local anaesthetic with ultrasound guidance via a transr … for suspected prostate cancer based on elevated age-specific prostate-specific antigen or abnormal digital rectal examination, and if biopsy-naive having received pre-biopsy MRI on a 1·5 or higher Tesla scanner. Individuals were excluded if they had any previous prostate biopsy, extensive local disease easily detectable by any biopsy (prostate-specific antigen >50 ng/mL or …

Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

RATIONALE: A range of surgical options is available for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), including holmium laser enuclea … randomized trials of men over 40 years of age with a prostate volume of at least 20 mL (assessed by digital rectal examination, ultrasound, or conventional imaging) who exhibited lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) defined by an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of eight or greater undergoing surgical interventions for BPH. OUTCOMES: The critical outcomes measure …

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer screening.

RATIONALE: Prostate cancer screening remains controversial. A 2013 update of this Cochrane review concluded that prostate cancer screening d … aged 45 to 80 years. Five trials compared prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, with or without digital rectal examination (DRE), to usual care without systematic PSA screening. The three largest studies, accounting for 85% of randomised participants, were the CAP trial (UK), PLCO trial (USA), and ERSPC (Europe). One trial with preliminary results compared PSA-based scr …

Presumptive Prostate Cancer Presenting as Low Back Pain in the Chiropractic Office: Two Cases and Literature Review.

Prostate cancer is a common type of cancer in men and may metastasize to the spine and pelvis, causing back and/or radicular pain that appears to be musculoskeletal. This presents a diagnostic challenge and can be complicated by a lack of routine screening for prostate cancer. In two similar cases, elderly males (ages 78 and 82) with no known history of cancer and no previous prostate-specific antigen screening presented to a chiropractor with chronic, worsening radiating low back pain. In each case, a previous provider obtained radiographs and ascribed symptoms to a non-cancerous etiology (i.

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… Diagnostic methods that initially helped uncover the cancer diagnosis varied, including digital rectal examination, laboratory testing, radiography, and MRI, as in the current cases. No patients reported a history of an elevated PSA or abnormal digital rectal examination [ 30 ]. … In HKSAR, digital rectal examination is not within the chiropractic scope of practice, which may have guided the management strategy toward advanced imaging. …

Нейрогенная желудочно-кишечная, мочевая и сексуальная дисфункция при множественном склерозе: многодисциплинарная основа для клинической практики.

Нейрогенные желудочно-кишечные, мочевые и сексуальные симптомы широко распространены у людей с множественным склерозом и существенно ухудшают качество жизни, повседневное функционирование и психосоциальное благополучие. Несмотря на их частотность и клиническую актуальность, управление по-прежнему носит разрозненный характер по различным специальностям, тесная взаимосвязь между этими симптомами зачастую игнорируется, а у клинических работников отсутствует прагматическая основа, адаптированная к различным условиям здравоохранения. Этот обзор преобразует нынешние данные в прагматичную модель уход

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… Abbreviations: BET = balloon expulsion test; DRE = digital rectal examination; HR = high-resolution; IBS-C = constipation associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome; NT-C = normal transit constipation; ST-C = slow transit constipation. … Digital rectal examination-A reliable screening tool for dyssynergic defecation. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2018;37(2):176–177. doi: 10.1007/s12664-018-0846-9. 13. Lee B.E., Kim G.H. How to perform and interpret balloon expulsion test. …

The social vulnerability index as a risk stratification tool for health disparity research in cancer patients: a scoping review.

PurposeThe social vulnerability index (SVI), developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is a novel composite measure encompassing multiple variables that correspond to key social determinants of health. The objective of this review was to investigate innovative applications of the SVI to oncology research and to employ the framework of the cancer care continuum to elucidate further research opportunities.MethodsA systematic search for relevant articles was performed in five databases from inception to 13 May 2022. Included studies applied the SVI to analyze outcomes in cancer

Доклад о деле: модификация пульсодоза пелфаланской терапии для клинической паллиэктальной плазматомы с предполагаемым распространением печени после хирургической эксцизии.

У старшего мальтийского пса был диагностирован одинокий ректальный экстрамеуллярный плазмоцитома, который был полностью акцизирован чистыми окраинами. 5 Месяцами позже были выявлены опухоли многофуакальной печени в плазменных клетках без признаков множественной миэломы. Системная химиотерапия была начата с использованием протокола пульсовой дозы в сочетании с преднизоном. В связи с периодическим ограничением доз миэлосоппрессией протокол лечения постепенно модифицировался путем сокращения продолжительности управления мелфаланом в рамках фиксированного цикла лечения. Модифицированный протокол б

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… No colorectal mass was detected on abdominal ultrasonography or digital rectal examination. Thoracic and skeletal radiographs remained unremarkable. Figure 2 Abdominal ultrasonographic images of the liver obtained before (A) and after (B) melphalan therapy. … No recurrent colorectal masses were detected on abdominal ultrasonography or digital rectal examination. Outcome The dog later presented with lethargy and decreased appetite on day 19 of a treatment cycle. …

Analysis of 2023 World Health Organization cancer Essential Medicines List and concordance with resource-stratified guidelines.

BackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) Essential Medicines List (EML) and resource-stratified guidelines both prioritize high-value medicines. We compared the 2023 EML cancer medicines list with global cancer statistics, examined the proportion of EML therapies recommended by resource-stratified guidelines, and identified gaps that merit evaluation by the WHO EML Committee.MethodsWe compared the 2023 EML medicines for adult cancers with cancer incidence and mortality data from GLOBOCAN 2022. We cross-referenced the EML with 2 resource-stratified guidelines (National Comprehensive Cancer

Phenotypes and rates of cancer-relevant symptoms and tests in the year before cancer diagnosis in UK Biobank and CPRD Gold.

Early diagnosis of cancer relies on accurate assessment of cancer risk in patients presenting with symptoms, when screening is not appropriate. But recorded symptoms in cancer patients pre-diagnosis may vary between different sources of electronic health records (EHRs), either genuinely or due to differential completeness of symptom recording. To assess possible differences, we analysed primary care EHRs in the year pre-diagnosis of cancer in UK Biobank and Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) populations linked to cancer registry data. We developed harmonised phenotypes in Read v2 and C

Difficulties in diagnosing anorectal melanoma: A case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Anorectal melanoma is a tumour that is difficult to identify due to its rarity and variability of presentation. Insufficient data published in the literature do not allow for diagnostic and treatment guidelines to be established. Anorectal melanoma has the worst prognosis among mucosal melanomas and is frequently misdiagnosed by standard identification methods. CASE SUMMARY: A 66-year-old woman presented with intermittent anal bleeding, pain, and tenesmus in the past month, with no associated weight loss. Colonoscopy revealed a cauliflower-like tumour with a diameter of 1.5 cm, wi

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… Physical examination On digital rectal examination, a protrusive, sessile tumour was noted, located near the anal verge on the posterolateral anorectal wall (Figure 1 ). The tumour was 1.5 cm in diameter, and no other pathological changes of the rest of the anorectal wall were noted. …

Multiple Myeloma Presenting as Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case Report.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant hematologic neoplasm that primarily affects the bone marrow and can invade other organs, leading to diverse clinical manifestations. Presentation with gastrointestinal bleeding as the initial symptom is exceptionally rare. We report a case of MM in a 46-year-old man who presented with gastrointestinal bleeding and severe anemia. Routine endoscopic evaluation was inconclusive, but further hematologic and imaging investigations confirmed multiple myeloma. The patient was successfully treated with bortezomib-based chemotherapy and supportive care. This case em

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… Digital rectal examination showed no active bleeding, melena, or masses. Differential Diagnosis, Investigations and Treatment Initial investigations on March 10, 2025, revealed severe normocytic anemia (hemoglobin 5.5 g/dL) and a mildly prolonged INR of 1.4. …