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Spinal cord herniation: a missing piece in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis?

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic spinal cord herniation (SCH) is a rare and often misdiagnosed condition characterized by displacement of the spinal c … comitant, relatively rare disabling neurological diseases, namely amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis. The third patient underwent surgery and gradually recovered over 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent central nervous system trauma due to idiopathic SCH might provide an unexpected hint about the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and mul …

Jejunal immunopathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis. Identification of viral antigens by immunofluorescence.

Jejunal mucosa from 7 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (A.L.S.), 20 newly reported patients with multiple sclerosis (M.S.), and 35 control patients without either disease was studied by immunofluorescence. An immune reaction was present in all A.L.S. specimens and consisted of altered ratios of immunoglobulin-labelled cells in the lamina propria, complement-labelled cells in the same location, and, in some, immunoglobulin and complement deposits in the epithelial basement membrane. Poliovirus antigen was detected in 4 cases, and in 1 of the these cases measles antigen was also prese…

Balo concentric sclerosis, an emerging variant of multiple sclerosis: A case-series and literature review.

INTRODUCTION: Balo concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare demyelinating disease. This study aims to follow up on patients initially diagnosed with BCS and MS or presented with BCS in the context of MS. METHODS: This study was conducted at an MS clinic center in Isfahan, monitoring 2600 MS patients, among which 10 cases were related to BCS. These 10 patients were assessed clinically and radiologically during 2013-2024, with consecutive MRIs and periodic clinical examinations. RESULTS: Among the 10 patients, BCS was either the inaugural presentation of MS or occurred in the context of the diseas

Recurrent myelinoclastic diffuse sclerosis: a case report of a child with Schilder's variant of multiple sclerosis.

Myelinoclastic diffuse sclerosis (MDS, Schilder's disease) is a rare CNS demyelinating disorder affecting mainly children and usually presenting as an intracranial mass lesion. We report the first case of recurrent intracranial MDS where the third episode of demyelination involved the cervical spinal cord. This may represent a subset of the disease, which should be considered as Schilder's variant (childhood form) of multiple sclerosis.

Repurposed Anti-Multiple Sclerosis Drug Fty720 Targets Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii via Multiple Pathways.

Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly multidrug resistance (MDR) in gram-negative bacterial strains, has emerged as a formi … ability of Fty720 in vivo. In this study, we identified Fty720, a pharmaceutical agent for treating multiple sclerosis, as a potent inhibitor of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). We demonstrated that Fty720 exerts antibacterial effects through multiple strategies, including disruption of the structural integrity of the membranes by interacting wit …

Multimodal Neuroimaging and Electrophysiological Markers in Multiple Sclerosis: An Integrative Review of fMRI, EEG, and EMG Approaches : fMRI, EEG, EMG in Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease marked by demyelination, neurodegeneration, and widespread network dysfunction. While conventional MRI remains central to diagnosis, advanced techniques such as functional MRI (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and electromyography (EMG) are increasingly recognized for their ability to capture dynamic functional changes that underlie clinical symptoms. This review explores the individual and combined applications of fMRI, EEG, and EMG in MS, emphasizing recent clinical findings from 2019 to 2024. fMRI provides high-resolution mapping…

Validation of the Chinese version of the 12-Item multiple sclerosis walking scale in individuals with multiple sclerosis: a psychometric and item response theory analysis.

BACKGROUND: The 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12) is widely used to assess patient-perceived walking disability in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite its international application, a validated Mandarin version has been lacking. This study aimed to translate and validate the Chinese version of the MSWS-12 and examine its psychometric properties using both classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) approaches. METHODS: The MSWS-12 was translated into Chinese following international guidelines, including forward and backward translation, expert pan…

Validation of the Georgian Version of the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54) Questionnaire for Assessing the Quality of Life in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) significantly impacts health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54) is a widely used tool for assessing HRQOL in individuals with MS. Adapting this tool to the local language and culture is essential for ensuring cultural relevance, enabling comprehensive care, and allowing international comparability. This study aims to validate the Georgian version of the MSQOL-54 (MSQOL-54 GEO) and assess HRQOL in MS patients in Georgia. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 384 individ…

Validity and Reliability of the Scale to Report Emotional Stress Signs-Multiple Sclerosis (STRESS-MS) in Assessing Abuse and Neglect of Adults With Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 30% of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) require caregiving, with unknown prevalence of abuse and neglect. To explore these issues, we created the Scale to Report Emotional Stress Signs-Multiple Sclerosis (STRESS-MS). The objective was to develop, validate, and field-test a self-report questionnaire for screening people with MS for mistreatment. METHODS: We developed the STRESS-MS questionnaire and administered it to 102 adults with advanced MS-related disability and 97 primary informal caregivers, correlating responses with direct observation of mistreatment, cond…

Диагноз множественных склерозов и связанных с ними расстройств и корректирующих болезни методов лечения: сравнение датского регистра множественных склерозов с другими датскими регистрами здравоохранения.

ЦЕЛИ: Сопоставление зарегистрированных диагнозов множественных склерозов (MS) и связанных с ними расстройств и методов лечения заболеваний (DMT) в Датском регистре множественных склерозов (DMSR) с другими общенациональными регистрами состояния здоровья. Цель этого исследования заключается в том, чтобы описать и сопоставить информацию о диагнозах MS и связанных с ними расстройствах и лечении с данными, имеющимися в системе DMT. three d) национальные реестры, в которых освещаются основные различия, имеющие отношение к исследованиям в области НР, и исследователям предоставляется возможность ознак

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVES: Comparison of recorded diagnoses of multiple sclerosis (MS) and related disorders and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in The Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry (DMSR) with other nationwide health registries. The aim of the study is to describe and compare information on diagnoses of MS and related disorders and treatments with DMTs available i…

Воздействие корректирующих болезни методов лечения на результаты беременности при множественном склерозе: перспективное когортное исследование из немецкого реестра множественных склерозов и беременности.

В последние десятилетия повторный перенос множественных склерозов (МС) стал более излечимым с помощью новых методов лечения, направленных на изменение заболеваний (ДМТ). Необходимо определить безопасные методы лечения с минимальными рисками для плода при планировании семьи. МЕТОДЫ: В этой предполагаемой когорте из Германского регистра MS и Беременности (DMSKW) мы проанализировали результаты беременности и неонатальные результаты в пациентах MS-клиентов с использованием описательной статистики и логистических/линейных регрессионных моделей для сопоставления беременностей, вызванных ДМТ, с неогр

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: In recent decades, relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) became more treatable through new disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). Identifying safe treatments with minimal fetal risks for family planning is needed. METHODS: In this prospective cohort from the German MS and Pregnancy Registry (DMSKW), we analyzed pregnancy and neonatal outcomes…

A qualitative evaluation of a clinic versus home exercise rehabilitation program for adults with multiple sclerosis: The tele-exercise and multiple sclerosis (TEAMS) study.

BACKGROUND: Substantial evidence supports therapeutic exercise for improving health and function in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, few studies have considered the patients' perspective. OBJECTIVE: This study explored perspectives of adults with MS following participation in a 3-month clinic- and home-based exercise rehabilitation program. METHODS: Twenty participants with MS were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide on the design and implementation processes of the exercise programs as well as any perceived facilitators or barriers to exercise. Data analysis was…

Impact of Proactive Case Management by Multiple Sclerosis Specialist Nurses on Use of Unscheduled Care and Emergency Presentation in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Study.

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) affects approximately 100,000 people in the United Kingdom, with rising emergency admissions to the hospital. The multiple sclerosis specialist nurse plays a pivotal role in managing MS care in the United Kingdom, and there is anecdotal evidence that this role can help avoid emergency presentations and unnecessary hospital admissions.MethodsA retrospective service evaluation took place in one established MS nursing service. The impact of the introduction of proactive nurse-led management and a rapid response service on rates of emergency presentation, hospital…

Childhood infections in multiple sclerosis: a study of North African-born patients who migrated to France. The French Collaborative Group on Multiple Sclerosis.

We conducted a study on 152 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who were born in North Africa and migrated to France. Information was obtained from patients on common childhood infections. We found that, in most cases, common childhood illnesses occurred before migration, but these infections occurred at later ages when the patients were in France: the mean differences were equal to 3 years for measles, 2.1 years for chickenpox, and 4.5 years for mumps. In comparison with data available for the general populations of Algeria and France, the mean ages of childhood infections, and particularly…

Multiple sclerosis: Advances in diagnosis, biomarkers, and disease management.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) care has advanced rapidly across diagnosis, biomarkers, and disease-modifying therapy. The 2024 revision of the McDonald criteria enables earlier and more biologically grounded diagnosis through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kappa free light chain (KFLC) index, the central vein sign (CVS), and paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), and applies uniform criteria across adults and children. Our understanding of disease subtypes is also evolving. In parallel, fluid biomarkers-particularly serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-together wi…

Familial occurrence of multiple sclerosis - current state of knowledge.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system with a complex, multifactorial etiology. Familial aggregation, along with a higher concordance rate in monozygotic than dizygotic twins, supports a significant, albeit non-Mendelian, genetic contribution to MS susceptibility. The strongest genetic association involves the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region, particularly HLA-DRB1*15:01, while genome-wide association studies have identified over 200 additional susceptibility signals, most of which implicate immune regulation…

Early determinants of long-term outcomes in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibits remarkable heterogeneity in its clinical course, yet the determinants of long-term disability progression remain incompletely understood. Identifying demographic and clinical predictors of unfavorable trajectories is essential for individualized management. OBJECTIVE: To investigate demographic, clinical, and laboratory factors influencing disability progression and relapse dynamics in a large Turkish MS cohort with over two decades of follow-up. METHODS: This retrospective study included 1580 patients diagnosed with MS according to the 2017 McDon…

Highly active multiple sclerosis - An important, yet inaccurate concept.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease that often leads to disability in young adults. Among its various phenotypes, highly active MS (HA-MS) presents with frequent relapses, incomplete recovery, and a high burden of MRI lesions. Despite its clinical importance, there is no universally accepted definition of HA-MS, which complicates early identification and treatment decisions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether Brazilian neurologists can recognize HA-MS and whether there is agreement regarding its defining characteristics. It also explored how thi…