Результаты поиска

Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus: challenges and therapeutic advances. Insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists.

In the United States, approximately 30% of all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients are also infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Both viruses share similar routes of transmission. Unlike HIV or hepatitis B virus, HCV is curable if treated and the patient achieves a sustained virologic response. The impact of coinfection includes greater morbidity and mortality, with higher rates of opportunistic disease, development of cirrhosis, and death. The standard of treatment for HIV-HCV coinfection is similar to that for HCV monoinfection and consists of pegylated interferon alpha an…

Clearance of hepatitis C virus RNA from serum in HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection indicates eradication from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study are to determine the frequency of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA persistence in peripheral blood monon … CONCLUSION: Our findings lend support to the view that clearance of HCV RNA from serum in HIV/HCV coinfection indicates eradication from PBMCs. Thus, absence of serum HCV RNA 6 months after the end of therapy can be used as a marker of treatment success for interferon-based therapies. However, the advent of small molecule HCV inhibitors may require us to re …

Hepatic steatosis in patients with HIV-Hepatitis C Virus coinfection: is it associated with antiretroviral therapy and more advanced hepatic fibrosis?

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Patients with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection are at increased risk of developing hepatic steatosis. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of steatosis in a cohort with HIV-HCV coinfection, and to determine an association, if any, between steatosis, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and advanced hepatic fibrosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: HIV-HCV coinfected patients were retrospectively identified from the HIV clinic. ART was classified as none, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) only, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) only, …

Impact of hepatitis C virus coinfection on immune restoration during successful antiretroviral therapy in chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 disease.

The effect of coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) on immune restoration in 39 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients during treatment with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) was prospectively evaluated. After 48 weeks of treatment, HCV-coinfected patients had lower increases in CD4% (P = .05), total CD4+ (P = .01), and naïve CD4+ (P = .06) T cells than did single-infected subjects. Higher baseline naïve CD4+ T-cell levels were associated with better CD4+ (P = .05) and naïve CD4+ (P < .001) T-cell recovery. After a 4-year follow up, the differences disappeared (median CD4…

Coinfection with antigenically and genetically distinct virulent strains of Babesia bovis is maintained through all phases of the parasite life cycle.

Antigenic polymorphism is a defining characteristic of the Babesia bovis variable merozoite surface antigen (VMSA) family. Sequence analysis strongly suggests that recombination between virulent strains contributes to VMSA diversity. While meiosis during the aneuploid stage of the parasite's life cycle in the tick vector Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is the most probable source of interstrain recombination, there is no definitive evidence that coinfection of the mammalian host or R. microplus ticks with more than one virulent strain occurs. Using allele-specific real-time quantitative PC…

[Study on the coinfection status of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and spotted fever group Rickettsia in ticks from Hunchun, Jilin province].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the coinfection status of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B.b.s.l) and spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) in Hunchun of Jilin province, China. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer of B. b. s. l and ompA of SFGR in ticks was collected in Hunchun,Jilin province. The amplification products of positive ticks were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was conducted by PHYLIP software package. RESULTS: The infection rate of B. b. s. l was 36.0% in Ixodes persulcatus ticks and the SFGR was discovered in I. persulca…

Etiology of genital ulcers and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus coinfection in 10 US cities. The Genital Ulcer Disease Surveillance Group.

To determine the etiology of genital ulcers and to assess the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in ulcer patients in 10 US cities, ulcer and serum specimens were collected from approximately 50 ulcer patients at a sexually transmitted disease clinic in each city. Ulcer specimens were tested using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay to detect Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex virus (HSV); sera were tested for antibody to HIV. H. ducreyi was detected in ulcer specimens from patients in Memphis (20% of specimens) and Chicago (12%). T. pal

Purified protein derivative tuberculin and delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing in migrant farm workers at risk for tuberculosis and HIV coinfection.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the joint use of purified protein derivative (PPD) and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) antigens in screening individuals of unknown HIV serostatus for tuberculosis (TB) preventive therapy eligibility. DESIGN: Population-based survey. METHODS: A group of migrant farm workers were screened for HIV and skin-tested with PPD, tetanus toxoid (TET), Candida albicans (CAN) and mumps (MUM) antigens by the Mantoux method. Anergy was defined as a < or = 2 mm reaction to all four antigens. Eligibility for preventive therapy was defined as a reaction of > or = 5 mm to PPD among H

Репликация вируса гепатита В в остром гепатите В, остром вирусе гепатита В, дельтавите и остром гепатите дельта-суперинфекции.

Для оценки воздействия вируса гепатита дельты на уровень репликации вируса гепатита В и для оценки клинического значения, которое такое воздействие может иметь для конечного результата инфекции, был изучен серологический профиль ДНК вируса гепатита В у 153 пациентов с острым или хроническим вирусом гепатита В, инфицированных с соответствующими дельтами или без таковых. ДНК вируса гепатита В была обнаружена у 57% пациентов с острым гепатитом В, 67% пациентов с острым вирусом гепатита В и дельта-гепатитом и 25% носителей HBsAg с суперинфекцией вируса гепатита дельта в течение первой недели после

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
To evaluate the effect of hepatitis delta virus on the level of replication of hepatitis B virus and to assess the clinical significance tha … of patients with acute hepatitis B, 67% of those with acute hepatitis B virus-hepatitis delta virus coinfection and 25% of HBsAg carriers with hepatitis delta virus superinfection during the first week after the onset of symptoms. Patients with acute hepatitis B and those with acute hepatitis B virus-hepatitis delta virus coinfection did not differ significan …

Diabetic Striatopathy in a Middle-Aged African Woman With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and HIV Coinfection-A Case Report.

Diabetic striatopathy is a reversible cause of acute chorea occurring in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, including those even with complex comorbidities like HIV. Timely neuroimaging and prompt metabolic correction are crucial, emphasizing the need for high clinical suspicion.

Host immune responses to viral coinfection with Human papillomavirus (HPV)16/18 SARS-CoV-2 and HIV: an ex-vivo study.

OBJECTIVE: In an ex-vivo study, immune responses to HPV antigens among women aged 18 to 50 years living with confirmed HPV 16/18 positive and previous exposure to SARS-CoV-2, were compared among women with and without HIV. DESCRIPTION OF RESULTS: Overall, 23 women with HPV and SARS-CoV- 2 exposure were recruited and 14/23(61%) were WLHIV. Upon stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 and HPV 16/18 antigens, CD4 T-cells from women living with HIV (WLHIV) had lower IL-2 production [median 15.6, IQR(14.0,32.25)] and higher production of Th2 cytokine IL-10; median 4.090,IQR(0.355,5.540)] versus those without H

Fatal coinfection by Mycobacterium fortuitum and Epicoccum sp. with concurrent severe coccidial enteritis in an olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea).

Sea turtles are susceptible to opportunistic infections, particularly when debilitated, injured, or exposed to environmental stressors. Although nontuberculous mycobacteria are increasingly recognized as emerging pathogens in marine wildlife, documented cases in sea turtles remain limited, and coinfections involving mycobacteria and uncommon environmental fungi are rarely reported. Here, we describe a fatal multisystemic disease involving Mycobacterium fortuitum infection, Epicoccum sp.-associated coelomitis, and severe coccidial enteritis in an adult olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys oliv…

Retrospective Study of Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Mpox-HIV Coinfection in Men Who Have Sex with Men in Hangzhou, China.

UNLABELLED: Monkeypox (Mpox) resurgence raises global public health concerns, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We recruited 104 confirmed Mpox cases in Hangzhou, categorized into Mpox-HIV coinfection and Mpox monoinfection groups, and HIV monoinfections were 1:1 matched with Mpox-HIV co-infections. We compared the characteristics and identifying coinfection risk factors. Mpox-HIV co-infections had higher lesion pain (67.39% vs. 39.66%, P = 0.004) and all 27 hospitalized (including 1 ICU) were coinfected. Despite 97.83% receiving antire…

Liver transplantation for hepatitis D virus/hepatitis B virus coinfection in Italy: An intention-to-treat analysis of long-term outcomes.

Patients with hepatitis D virus (HDV)/hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related end-stage liver disease candidates for liver transplantation (LT) have traditionally been regarded as a special population, although their outcomes are controversial. An intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis of long-term outcomes of HDV/HBV-coinfected patients waitlisted for LT in Italy, between 2011 and 2020, was performed and compared with HBV-monoinfected LT candidates. Of 1731 HBV-infected LT candidates, 1237 (71.5%) had HBV monoinfection and 494 (28.5%) HDV/HBV coinfection. At listing, HDV/HBV-coinfected patients were signi…

Protective viral interference in HEV-ZIKV coinfection: Serological evidence and foetomaternal outcomes in HIV-infected and immunocompetent pregnant women in Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Viral interference - where one viral infection affects susceptibility to another - remains poorly characterized in pregnancy. We investigated whether hepatitis E virus (HEV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) coinfection demonstrates interference patterns and affects foetomaternal outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional seroepidemiological study across three tertiary hospitals in Nigeria from December 2020 to November 2021. We recruited 619 pregnant women aged 15-49 years attending antenatal care or HIV treatment centres. We tested sera for HEV (IgG/IgM) and ZIKV (IgG) antibodies usi…

Network-based integration of hsa-miR-150-5p reveals key regulatory roles in HIV-HCV coinfection and HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

HIV-HCV coinfection markedly accelerates liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet the molecular regulators driving this progression remain elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) orchestrate host-virus interactions, but their roles in coinfection are poorly defined. Here, we applied an integrative multi-omics strategy to profile plasma miRNAs from cohorts of HIV, HCV, HIV-HCV coinfection, and healthy controls, followed by TaqMan qRT-PCR validation. Cross-referencing with HCV-HCC transcriptomes (GSE6764, GSE14323, GSE62232) and experimentally confirmed targets from miRTarBase enabled high-con…

Enhancing the understanding of coinfection outcomes: Impact of natural atypical porcine pestivirus infection on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in pigs.

Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a novel member of the Pestivirus genus detected in association with congenital tremor (CT) type A-II outbreaks and from apparently healthy pigs, both as singular infection and as part of multi-pathogen infections. 'Classical' pestiviruses are known to cause immunosuppression of their host, which can increase susceptibility to secondary infections, severely impacting health, welfare, and production. To investigate APPV's effect on the host's immune system and characterise disease outcomes, 12 piglets from a natural APPV CT type A-II outbreak were experiment

Effect of Malaria and Schistosoma mansoni Coinfection on Selected Biochemical Profiles among Patients Attending Selected Health Institutions at Dembiya, Northwest Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Malaria and schistosomiasis are infectious diseases that cause biochemical abnormalities. Malaria and Schistosoma mansoni coinfection causes exacerbations of health consequences and comorbidities. The study area is found in Ethiopia, where coinfection of malaria and S. mansoni is common. However, there is limited data on the biochemical profiles of patients coinfected with malaria and S. mansoni schistosomiasis in the study area. Hence, this study aimed to assess the effect of malaria and S. mansoni schistosomiasis coinfection on selected biochemical profiles. METHODS: An institut…

Highly Heterogeneous Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Oral Shedding Kinetics Among People With and Without Kaposi Sarcoma and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection.

BACKGROUND: An improved understanding of oral Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) viral dynamics could provide insights into transmission risk and guide vaccine development. METHODS: We evaluated KSHV oral shedding dynamics in Ugandan adults stratified by Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status. Participants were followed for ≥4 weeks, with daily home oral swab collection to quantify KSHV using polymerase chain reaction. Shedding rates were defined by number of days with KSHV DNA detected divided by total days with swabs and compared by group using hurdle mo

Уровни микроРНК у пациентов с хроническим вирусом гепатита В и ВИЧ-инфекцией в условиях высокой распространенности; Квазулу-Натал, Южная Африка.

ВИД В (ВБ) и ВИЧ (ВИЧ) являются серьезными проблемами в области здравоохранения, несмотря на наличие эффективной вакцины против ВИЧ на протяжении почти трех десятилетий и значительный прогресс, достигнутый в профилактике и лечении ВИЧ. Как ГБВ, так и ВИЧ-инфицированные микро-рибонуклеиновые кислоты (микроРНК) выражаются в поддержку распространения вирусов. Цель этого исследования заключалась в том, чтобы описать структуру микроРНК-выражения у пациентов, инфицированных хроническим ГБВ и ВИЧ с различной степенью тяжести, как это видно из состояния гепатита В и антигена (ГБЭАg), вирусной нагрузки