Результаты поиска

Move more, age well: prescribing physical activity for older adults.

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Social Support in Older Adults With CKD: A Report From the CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study.

Rationale & objectiveSocial support in older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a potentially modifiable factor that may affect important clinical outcomes such as health-related quality of life, cognitive function, and frailty. However, limited data about the effects of social support in older patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD exist. Our objective was to evaluate the association of social support with health-related quality of life, cognitive function, and frailty in older adults with CKD.Study designCross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study.Setting & population1,

Novel therapies emerging in oncology to target the TGF-β pathway.

The TGF-β signaling pathway governs key cellular processes under physiologic conditions and is deregulated in many pathologies, including cancer. TGF-β is a multifunctional cytokine that acts in a cell- and context-dependent manner as a tumor promoter or tumor suppressor. As a tumor promoter, the TGF-β pathway enhances cell proliferation, migratory invasion, metastatic spread within the tumor microenvironment and suppresses immunosurveillance. Collectively, the pleiotropic nature of TGF-β signaling contributes to drug resistance, tumor escape and undermines clinical response to therapy. Based

Safety of solid oncology drugs in older patients: a narrative review.

The older population represents ∼50%-60% of the population of newly diagnosed patients with cancer. Due to physiological and pathological aging and the increased presence of comorbidities and frailty factors, this population is at higher risk of serious toxicity from anticancer drugs and, consequently, often under-treated. Despite the complexity of these treatments, a good knowledge of the pharmacology of anticancer drugs and potentially risky situations can limit the emergence of potentially lethal toxicities in this population. This review focuses on optimizing systemic oncology treatments f

Imaging body composition in cancer patients: visceral obesity, sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity may impact on clinical outcome.

UnlabelledIn recent years, there has been increasing interest in the influence of body composition on oncological patient outcomes. Visceral obesity, sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity have been identified as adverse factors in cancer patients. Imaging quantification of body composition such as lean muscle mass and fat distribution is a potentially valuable tool. This review describes the following imaging techniques that may be used to assess body composition: dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CT and MRI are acquired as part

Abstracts

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Резюме докладов 2017 Ежегодное совещание Общества общей внутренней медицины.

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Brazilian Academy of Neurology recommendations for diagnosis, management, and treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP).

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an acquired autoimmune disorder that leads to progressive motor and sensory impairment, resulting in significant morbidity. While the incidence rates vary, CIDP remains a challenging condition requiring a standardized and optimized approach to diagnosis and management. In Brazil, a middle-income country with substantial regional disparities in healthcare access, the availability of specialized neuromuscular centers is uneven, creating obstacles to timely and effective treatment. To address these challenges, the Brazilian Acade

Phase II study of the c-MET inhibitor tivantinib (ARQ 197) in patients with relapsed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

The hepatocyte growth factor/c-MET pathway has been implicated in the pathobiology of multiple myeloma, and c-MET inhibitors induce myeloma cell apoptosis, suggesting that they could be useful clinically. We conducted a phase II study with the c-MET inhibitor tivantinib in patients with relapsed, or relapsed and refractory myeloma whose disease had progressed after one to four prior therapies. Tivantinib, 360 mg orally per dose, was administered twice daily continuously over a 4-week treatment cycle without a cap on the number of allowed cycles, barring undue toxicities or disease progression.

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… In the event of treatment-emergent grade 2 rash or hand-foot syndrome, grade 3 nonhematologic toxicities, or grade 4 hematologic adverse events (AEs), the drug was held until these returned to grade 0–1 or the pretreatment baseline. …

Pediatric Drug Development: Reviewing Challenges and Opportunities by Tracking Innovative Therapies.

The paradigm of pediatric drug development has been evolving in a "carrot-and-stick"-based tactic to address population-specific issues. However, the off-label prescription of adult medicines to pediatric patients remains a feature of clinical practice, which may compromise the age-appropriate evaluation of treatments. Therefore, the United States and the European Pediatric Formulation Initiative have recommended applying nanotechnology-based delivery systems to tackle some of these challenges, particularly applying inorganic, polymeric, and lipid-based nanoparticles. Connected with these, adv

Cancer, more than a "COVID-19 co-morbidity".

Patients with cancer represent a particularly vulnerable population at risk of adverse outcomes related to COVID-19. Collectively, the initial studies, including patients with and without cancer, confirmed that patients with cancer had a higher risk of complications and death related to COVID-19. Subsequent studies on patients with COVID-19 and cancer investigated patient and disease-related factors associated with COVID-19 severity and morality. Multiple interconnected factors include demographics, comorbidities, cancer-associated variables, treatment side effects, and other parameters. Howev

ESCP 36th European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy ‘Implementing Clinical Pharmacy in Community and Hospital Settings: Sharing the Experience’, Istanbul, Turkey 25–27 October 2007; Abstracts

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Ocular effects caused by viral infections and corresponding vaccines: An overview of varicella zoster virus, measles virus, influenza viruses, hepatitis B virus, and SARS-CoV-2.

Many viral infections can affect vision and the visual system. Vaccination to prevent diseases is commonplace today, acting by stimulating an immune response without developing the pathology. It involves the production of persisting antibodies against the pathogen and the activation of T cells. Certain diseases have already been eradicated by rigorous vaccination campaigns, while others are hoped to be eliminated soon. Vaccines currently available on the market are largely safe, even if they can rarely cause some adverse effects, such as ocular complications. Analyzing existing literature, we

Prevalence of symptomatic toxicities for novel therapies in adult oncology trials: a scoping review.

BackgroundPatients' self-report of their symptoms can provide important data for the evaluation of treatment benefit and tolerability of oncology drugs. Contemporary treatment approaches, including immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapies, have unique toxicities based on their novel mechanisms of action. This scoping review aimed to summarize evidence from existing reviews and clinical practice guidelines to examine the type and prevalence of toxicities including symptomatic adverse events (sympAEs) for adult cancer patients to inform clinical care and therapeutic trials.MethodsA systema

Decoding chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: ion channels, disease models, and future directions.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a significant side effect of cancer treatments like paclitaxel and oxaliplatin, impacting patient quality of life (QoL). Despite much research, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear and effective therapies are lacking. This review evaluates whether current experimental models accurately reflect CIPN, emphasizing recent molecular and cellular findings, especially the role of sensory ion channels. We outline limitations of existing models and propose more translational preclinical approaches to better capture disease complexity and patient

Challenges and Advances in Managing Thrombocytopenic Cancer Patients.

Cancer patients have varying incidence, depth and duration of thrombocytopenia. The mainstay of managing severe chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) in cancer is the use of platelet transfusions. While prophylactic platelet transfusions reduce the bleeding rate, multiple unmet needs remain, such as high residual rates of bleeding, and anticancer treatment dose reductions/delays. Accordingly, the following promising results in other settings, antifibrinolytic drugs have been evaluated for prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors. I

Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания

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Развитие микробиотерапии: роль синтетической биологии в инженерных микробных сообществах для точной медицины.

В последние годы исследования в области микробиотических исследований и синтетической биологии были посвящены изучению новых подходов к микробным манипуляциям в терапевтических целях. Тем не менее, по этому аспекту имеется фрагментированная информация с ключевыми идеями, разбросанными по различным дисциплинам, таким, как молекулярная биология, генетика, биоинженерия и медицина. Цель этого обзора заключается в создании преобразующего потенциала синтетической биологии в плане развития исследований и лечения микробиоме, что имеет значительные последствия для здравоохранения, сельского хозяйства и

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Kidney Disease: A Review of Clinical Evidence.

Mesenchymal stem cells form a population of self-renewing, multipotent cells that can be isolated from several tissues. Multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated that the administration of exogenous MSC could prevent renal injury and could promote renal recovery through a series of complex mechanisms, in particular via immunomodulation of the immune system and release of paracrine factors and microvesicles. Due to their therapeutic potentials, MSC are being evaluated as a possible player in treatment of human kidney disease, and an increasing number of clinical trials to assess the safety

Рецепт 1 в диабете и его хронические осложнения: механизмы сигнализации и новые терапевтические достижения.

Диабет моллюсков (DM) — системное метаболическое расстройство, характеризующееся хронической гипергликемией, которая может оказывать воздействие на почки, сетчатку, периферийные нервы и сердечно-сосудистую систему, что в конечном счете приводит к многочисленным хроническим осложнениям. 1 (PAR1) — G-белковый рецептор, приводимый в действие через каноническое декольте, например тромбинированный декольте и неканоническое декольте, например, декольте с помощью активированного белка C или матрицы Metalloproteinase-1. Эти режимы активации инициируют различные каналы подачи сигналов вниз по течению,