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Potential of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of Bintaro (Cerbera manghas L.) seeds as bioinsecticides against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).

Research on vector control with bioinsecticides is still being done to reduce the negative impacts of employing pesticides. Reduced insecticide use should prevent mosquitoes from harming the environment and from developing resistance to the active components in insecticides. Botanical insecticides are derived from plants that have bioactive compounds (toxic to insects) that readily break down in the environment, do not pollute the ecosystem, and are more selective and safer than conventional pesticides. The point of this study is to find out what happens to Ae. aegypti when ethyl acetate and e

Developing methods for chilling, compacting, and sterilizing adult Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and comparing mating competitiveness between males sterilized as adults versus pupae for sterile male release.

The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti L., can transmit several pathogens responsible for human diseases. With insecticide resistance deve … have fixed schedules for irradiation. We produced a workflow for adult Ae. aegypti irradiation in a mosquito control district with an operational SIT program that currently irradiates pupae. The impacts of chilling, compaction, and radiation dose on survival were all assessed before combining them into a complete adult irradiation protocol. Males chilled up to 16 …

Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (Vgsc) Mutation-Based Pyrethroid Resistance in Aedes aegypti Populations of Three Endemic Dengue Risk Areas of Sri Lanka.

BACKGROUND: Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used in many countries for chemical-based control of Ae. aegypti. Regardless of their efficacy, the constant use of insecticides has induced insecticide resistance mechanisms, such as knockdown resistance (kdr) in mosquitoes. Sri Lankan Vector Controlling Entities (VCE) have been using a variety of pyrethroid insecticides as the primary approach for dengue control. However, development of any resistance among the Aedes mosquitoes has been limitedly studied in the country. Therefore, the current study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of F15

Distribution areas and monthly dynamic distribution changes of three Aedes species in China: Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Aedes vexans.

BACKGROUND: Mosquitoes play an absolute role in the spread of epidemic arbovirus diseases. Worldwide, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the main vectors responsible for the spread of these mosquito-borne diseases. Aedes vexans, a mosquito species native to China, also carries mosquito-borne viruses, such as dengue fever virus and Japanese encephalitis virus, but research on this mosquito has been inadequate. Mapping the potential distribution range of and monthly change in the distribution of these three Aedes species is of particular importance for mosquito surveillance, eradication and

Dengue fever as a reemerging disease in upper Egypt: Diagnosis, vector surveillance and genetic diversity using RT-LAMP assay.

BACKGROUND: The recent increase in dengue virus (DENV) outbreaks and the absence of an effective vaccine have highlighted the importance of developing rapid and effective diagnostic surveillance tests and mosquito-based screening programs. To establish effective control measures for preventing future DENV transmission, the present study was established to identify the main mosquito vector involved in the dengue fever (DF) outbreak in Upper Egypt in 2016 and detect the diversity of dengue virus serotypes circulating in both humans and vectors. METHODS: We investigated the prevalence of DENV in

Dengue and Zika virus infection patterns vary among Aedes aegypti field populations from Belo Horizonte, a Brazilian endemic city.

Dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) belong to the same viral family, the Flaviviridae. They cause recurring threats to the public health systems of tropical countries such as Brazil. The primary Brazilian vector of both viruses is the mosquito Aedes aegypti. After the mosquito ingests a blood meal from an infected person, the viruses infect and replicate in the midgut, disseminate to secondary tissues and reach the salivary gland (SG), where they are ready to be transmitted to a vertebrate host. It is thought that the intrinsic discrepancies among mosquitoes could affect their ability to

Differential roles of an Anopheline midgut GPI-anchored protein in mediating Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax ookinete invasion.

Novel strategies to directly thwart malaria transmission are needed to maintain the gains achieved by current control measures. Transmission-blocking interventions (TBIs), namely vaccines and drugs targeting parasite or mosquito molecules required for vector-stage parasite development, have been recognized as promising approaches for preventing malaria transmission. However, the number of TBI targets is limited and their degree of conservation among the major vector-parasite systems causing human disease is unclear. Therefore, discovery and characterization of novel proteins involved in vector

Dual RNA-seq of parasite and host reveals gene expression dynamics during filarial worm-mosquito interactions.

BACKGROUND: Parasite biology, by its very nature, cannot be understood without integrating it with that of the host, nor can the host response be adequately explained without considering the activity of the parasite. However, due to experimental limitations, molecular studies of parasite-host systems have been predominantly one-sided investigations focusing on either of the partners involved. Here, we conducted a dual RNA-seq time course analysis of filarial worm parasite and host mosquito to better understand the parasite processes underlying development in and interaction with the host tissu

Histone deacetylases synergistically regulate juvenile hormone signaling in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti.

Controlling Aedes aegypti mosquitoes is crucial for managing mosquito-transmitted diseases like dengue, zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. One of the efficient methods to control mosquitoes is to block their progression from the larval to the adult stage. Juvenile hormones (JH) maintain the larval stage and ensure proper developmental timing for transitioning from larval-pupal-adult stages. Our previous studies showed that histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate JH signaling and metamorphosis in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. However, the role of HDACs in regulating JH signaling in

Genomic characterization and evolutionary analysis of dengue virus from Aedes mosquitoes in Telangana, India.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Entomological surveillance for mosquito-borne viruses is vital for monitoring disease transmission and vector control programs. The vector control program is reliant not only on vector density but also on the timely detection of mosquito-borne infections. In the present study, we conducted an entomological surveillance in different locations of Hyderabad, Telangana, India during 2017-2018 and the collected mosquitoes were screened for dengue virus. METHODS: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for the identification and serotyping of the d

Infection mechanisms and putative effector repertoire of the mosquito pathogenic oomycete Pythium guiyangense uncovered by genomic analysis.

Pythium guiyangense, an oomycete from a genus of mostly plant pathogens, is an effective biological control agent that has wide potential to … virulence effectors of P. guiyangense uncovered by this study provide the basis to develop improved mosquito control strategies. These data also provide useful knowledge on host adaptation and evolution of the entomopathogenic lifestyle within the oomycete lineage. A deeper understanding of the biology of P. guiyangense effectors might also be useful for managemen …

OTU7B Modulates the Mosquito Immune Response to Beauveria bassiana Infection via Deubiquitination of the Toll Adaptor TRAF4.

The Aedes aegypti mosquito transmits devastating flaviviruses, such as Zika, dengue, and yellow fever viruses. For more effective control of the vector, the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana, a fungus commonly used for biological control of pest insects, may be enhanced based on in-depth knowledge of molecular interactions between the pathogen and its host. Here, we identified a mechanism employed by B. bassiana, which efficiently blocks the Ae. aegypti antifungal immune response by a protease that contains an ovarian tumor (OTU) domain. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that the depletion of O

Nosocomial malaria transmission risk in hospital wards in Abeokuta Nigeria: entomological and parasitological evidence from secondary healthcare facilities.

BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a major public health challenge in Nigeria, yet the potential for malaria transmission within healthcare facilities is poorly understood. This study investigated malaria prevalence among patients and caregivers, the presence of malaria vectors within hospital wards, and the potential for nosocomial malaria transmission in two secondary hospitals in Abeokuta, Ogun State. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among inpatients admitted for conditions other than malaria across the Surgical/Orthopaedic, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics/Gynaecology wards. Finger-prick

Spatio-temporal variation in malaria transmission intensity in five agro-ecosystems in Mvomero district, Tanzania.

In Africa, malaria is predominantly a rural disease where agriculture forms the backbone of the economy. Various agro-ecosystems and crop production systems have an impact on mosquito productivity, and hence malaria transmission intensity. This study was carried out to determine spatial and temporal variations in anopheline mosquito population and malaria transmission intensity in five villages, representing different agro-ecosystems in Mvomero district, Tanzania, so as to provide baseline information for malaria interventions. The agro-ecosystems consisted of irrigated sugarcane, flooding ric

Baseline malaria burden and pyrethroid resistance in Muheza, Tanzania informing a cluster randomized trial of the 3D window screens.

Insecticide resistance in malaria vectors has created an urgent need for alternative, non-insecticidal control tools. In response, a novel window screen, the Three-dimensional (3D) Screen, was developed. Before launching a cluster-randomized controlled trial to evaluate its impact, a baseline study was conducted in 20 hamlets (clusters) from 17 villages in Muheza District, northeastern Tanzania, to assess malaria burden, vector characteristics, and risk factors for infection. Structured questionnaires collected household information; malaria prevalence was measured among 778 children aged 6 mo

High resistance of Anopheles gambiae s.L. populations to public health insecticides in Ghana: contribution of domestic and agricultural pesticide use.

BACKGROUND: Malaria elimination efforts in sub-Saharan Africa are increasingly threatened by the spread of insecticide resistance in Anophel … erate frequencies (range: 0 to 0.39). Household surveys revealed widespread use of pyrethroid-based mosquito control products (88.10%), including aerosol sprays (25.33%) and coils (53.95%). Farm surveys showed extensive application of pesticides containing organophosphates (16.2%), carbamates (11.29%), neonicotinoids (25.7%), and diamides (5.4%). CONCLUSION: This …

Differential effects of dual and synergist-based insecticide-treated bed nets on pyrethroid resistance and L995F/S knockdown resistance mutation dynamics in Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations in south-western Burkina Faso.

BACKGROUND: The introduction of next-generation insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) in Burkina Faso aims to mitigate pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors. This study evaluated the impact of different ITN types on phenotypic resistance and kdr mutation frequencies in Anopheles gambiae sensus lacto (s.l.) populations across three health districts over 3 years. METHODS: Annual mosquito collections were conducted in Banfora (where pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr nets had been distributed), Gaoua (pyrethroid-only ITNs) and Orodara (pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide [PBO] ITNs). Two populations were analysed:

Стабилизация и характеристика листьев листьев филлантусной кислоты синтезировали металлические наночастицы и их сравнительную эффективность как личинки против трех переносчиков комаров.

Постоянные глобальные вспышки заболеваний, передаваемых через комары, и отсутствие вакцин, а также профилактические терапевтические подходы к борьбе с заболеваниями в сочетании с резистентностью к инсектицидам в конечном счете подчеркивают необходимость разработки стратегий борьбы с комарами, ориентированных на биологические системы. В настоящем исследовании для синтеза металлических наночастиц (МНП), таких, как серебро, окись меди, окись железа и окись цинка, использовался водный экстракт листьев на заводе < < Филлантхус кислотус Л. > > , и была проведена проверка их эффективности

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The recurring global outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases and the lack of vaccines, and preventive therapeutic approaches to combat diseases coupled with insecticide resistance, eventually emphasize the necessity of developing biological system-focused mosquito control strategies. In the present study, aqueous leaf extract from the Phyllanthus acidus L. plan…

Analysis of the 24-h biting patterns and human exposures to malaria vectors in south-eastern Tanzania.

BACKGROUND: Afrotropical malaria vectors are generally believed to bite nocturnally, leading to the predominant use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), which target indoor, nighttime-biting mosquitoes. This focus is reinforced by biases in entomological surveys, which largely overlook daytime mosquito activity. However, recent evidence challenges this paradigm, showing that Anopheles biting can extend way into the daytime, coinciding with human activities at dawn, daytime and evenings, suggesting a broader risk spectrum and potential protection gaps. We have therefore investigated the diurnal

Co-developing a common glossary with stakeholders for engagement on new genetic approaches for malaria control in a local African setting.

Stakeholder engagement is an essential pillar for the development of innovative public health interventions, including genetic approaches for malaria vector control. Scientific terminologies are mainly lacking in local languages, yet when research activities involve international partnership, the question of technical jargon and its translation is crucial for effective and meaningful communication with stakeholders. Target Malaria, a not-for-profit research consortium developing innovative genetic approaches to malaria vector control, carried out a linguistic exercise in Mali, Burkina Faso and