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Vestibular dysfunction and infratentorial MRI abnormalities in multiple sclerosis.

AIMS: To determine the prevalence of vestibular symptoms in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and to examine associations with infratentorial MRI abnormalities. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of pwMS attending a university hospital, using a self-report questionnaire to assess vestibular symptoms. MRI brain scans were analysed for (i) active T2 lesions, (ii) middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) lesion count, and (iii) total infratento-rial lesion count. Associations with symptoms were tested using Chi-squared analysis. RESULTS: Eighty pwMS participated with a mean age 46.1 ± 13…

Controversies in neuroimmunology: Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating disorders.

Multiple sclerosis is the most prevalent demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system. In the past two decades, significant milestones have been achieved in this domain, including the identification of critical immunological pathways, novel biomarkers, and effective immunotherapies. Nonetheless, several areas of uncertainty and challenges persist. Globally, there has been a notable increase in multiple sclerosis cases. In Colombia, recent studies indicate a rise in prevalence from fewer than 5 cases per 100 000 inhabitants to 7.5 cases per 100 000. It is imperative for neurologis…

Invisible symptoms and associated factors in multiple sclerosis patients.

BACKGROUND: The invisible symptoms and associated factors have remained controversial especially about the effect of invisible symptoms on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the daily life of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. So, this study aimed to determine the invisible symptoms and associated factors in MS patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 155 patients with MS registered at a referral clinic in Kerman during 2023-2024. Regression was utilized to identify factors associated with the invisible symptoms (fatigue, mood…

Opioid Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis: Emerging Targets for Repair.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by persistent inflammation, demyelination, and progressive neurodegeneration, driven largely by aberrant activation of T and B lymphocytes that infiltrate the CNS and cause myelin and axonal damage, leading to neurological impairment. Although current therapies broadly suppress immune activity and reduce relapse rates, their effects on neurodegenerative processes remain limited. Also, the safety profile of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) may become problematic, especially in older…

Men's health research priorities in men with multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Men with multiple sclerosis (MwMS) experience distinct health, symptoms, and disease progression patterns compared to women, necessitating targeted research and clinical approaches. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the perceived relative importance of topics in men's health for future research in this area and sought to understand research priorities and sources of information among MwMS. METHODS: In a cross-sectional survey, male participants in the North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis (NARCOMS) Registry ranked research priorities among 14 men's health-specifi…

Somatic variation in multiple sclerosis: from blood to brain.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects nearly 3 million people worldwide. Pathologically, MS is characterised by inflammation, demyelination and neurodegeneration, leading to declining neurological function and increasing disability. To date, investigations of somatic variation in MS have focused primarily on peripheral immune cells and, more recently, neurons. Deep targeted and exome sequencing of blood‑derived T cells have not demonstrated enrichment of somatic driver mutations in individuals with MS compared with controls…

Pseudotumoral multiple sclerosis: unveiling its clinical and imaging characteristics.

INTRODUCTION: Pseudotumoral Multiple Sclerosis (PTMS) is characterized by lesions larger than two centimeters and/or with a tumefactive appearance, mimicking brain tumors or other space-occupying lesions. OBJECTIVES: We ought to describe of a cohort of patients diagnosed with PTMS, encompassing detailed imaging analyses, clinical evaluations, and neuropsychological outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with PTMS according to the 2017 McDonald criteria, followed in a tertiary center between January 2000 and April 2024. RESULTS: Eighteen patients were inc…

Rituximab versus Ocrelizumab in Newly Diagnosed Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies are effective for relapsing multiple sclerosis. However, data from head-to-head trials are lacking. METHODS: In this phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned adults with newly diagnosed relapsing multiple sclerosis and recent disease activity in a 3:2 ratio to receive rituximab or ocrelizumab every 6 months for 24 months. The primary end point was the absence of new or enlarging lesions on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from month 6 to month 24. Noninferiority was defined as a lower limit of the 95…

Serum angiogenesis-hypoxia biomarkers in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that the hypoxia-angiogenic axis is dysregulated in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), with an upregulation of hypoxic biomarkers with a paradoxical reduction of angiogenic biomarkers. In this study, we postulated that the hypoxia-angiogenic axis would be relatively preserved in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS; a predominantly neuroinflammatory driven process) as opposed to its progressive counterpart (predominantly neurodegenerative driven). METHODS: Serum samples were collected from RRMS participants screened for a randomized pilot trial of domperidone a…

Targeting progressive multiple sclerosis: Toward mechanism-informed precision medicine.

Multiple sclerosis has undergone a therapeutic revolution over the past three decades. Randomized clinical trials and real-world data demonstrate that modern disease-modifying therapies substantially reduce relapse rates and acute inflammatory activity detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, disability accumulation increasingly occurs independent of relapse activity, highlighting progression biology as the principal unmet need. Converging epidemiological and molecular evidence supports a pivotal role for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in disease initiation, whereas later sta…

Shared etiology of late- and adult-onset multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Late-onset multiple sclerosis (LOMS), defined as disease onset at or after 50 years, is increasingly recognized and associated with distinct features. However, it remains unclear whether LOMS differs etiologically from adult-onset multiple sclerosis (AOMS). OBJECTIVES: To determine whether established MS risk factors differ between LOMS and AOMS and influence age at onset. METHODS: We conducted a Swedish population-based case-control study including 3950 incident MS cases and 7340 controls. Cases were classified as LOMS (n = 396) or AOMS (n = 3554). Associations between risk fact…

Racial disparities in multiple sclerosis quality of care metrics.

BACKGROUND: Modifiable factors that contribute to racial disparities in healthcare have been highlighted in multiple clinical settings; however, the role of these factors in individuals with multiple sclerosis has not been well examined. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we quantify disparities in multiple sclerosis care among non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White patients. METHODS: Longitudinal data across four encounters obtained via retrospective chart review were analyzed for non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White patients across two multiple sclerosis centers. Variables included demogra…

Множественный педиатрический склероз: демография, симптомы и прогрессирование болезней.

Множественный склероз (MS) является наиболее распространенным нейроиммунологическим заболеванием среди молодых людей. Данные о его клиническом наступлении до достижения 18-летнего возраста (педиатрические MS (POMS)) являются ограниченными. МЕТОДЫ: Настоящее исследование наблюдений содержит данные о >1000 ПОМС в сравнении с MS (AOMS) для взрослых и анализирует пациентов в отношении диагностических задержек, первоначальных симптомов и долгосрочных результатов с использованием обобщенных моделей присадок и корректировки для соответствующих лиц. Результаты: Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neuroimmunological disease in young adults. Data on its clinical onset before the age of 18 (paediatric-onset MS (POMS)) are limited. METHODS: This observational study present data on >1000 POMS compared with adult-onset MS (AOMS) and analysed patients regarding diagnostic delay, initial symptoms and lo…

Публичное молекулярное сканирование и развитие наркотиков в множестве склерозов.

Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой хроническое воспалительное нейродегенеративное расстройство, которое, как правило, затрагивает молодых людей и характеризуется главным образом демиелинирующими повреждениями в центральной нервной системе (КНС). Согласно пересмотренным критериям McDonald, клиническая диагностика MS может быть установлена на основе сочетания клинических наблюдений, наличия фокусных повреждений по крайней мере в двух отдельных областях CNS на магнитных резонансных изображениях (MRI) и обнаружения конкретных олигоклонных полос в цереброспайнальной жидкости. Обычная МРТ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disorder that typically affects young adults and is primarily characterized by demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). According to the Revised McDonald Criteria, the clinical diagnosis of MS can be established based on a combination of clinical observations, the presence …

Педиатрический множественный склероз: улучшение результатов за счет высокоэффективной терапии.

Педиатрический множественный склероз (POMS) означает множественный склероз у лиц в возрасте до 18 лет. Она характеризуется плохими когнитивными результатами и более подстрекательским курсом, более частыми клиническими рецидивами и более значительным числом МРТ по сравнению со взрослыми MS (AOMS). Важное значение имеет оперативное признание множественного склероза среди этой группы населения, поскольку раннее вмешательство с помощью методов лечения, позволяющих регулировать заболевания, может изменить траекторию развития заболеваний. В настоящем документе мы рассмотрим диагностические критерии

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) refers to multiple sclerosis occurring in individuals under 18 years of age. It is characterized by poor cognitive outcomes and a more inflammatory course, more frequent clinical relapses, and a greater number of MRI lesions compared to adult-onset MS (AOMS). Prompt recognition of multiple sclerosis in this populatio…