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Rapid detection and strain typing of Chlamydia trachomatis using a highly multiplexed microfluidic PCR assay.

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are recommended by the CDC for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) urogenital infections. Current commercial NAATs require technical expertise and sophisticated laboratory infrastructure, are time-consuming and expensive, and do not differentiate the lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) strains that require a longer duration of treatment than non-LGV strains. The multiplexed microfluidic PCR-based assay presented in this work simultaneously interrogates 13 loci to detect Ct and identify LGV and non-LGV strain-types. Based on amplified fragment length poly…

Interrogating Genes That Mediate Chlamydia trachomatis Survival in Cell Culture Using Conditional Mutants and Recombination.

UNLABELLED: Intracellular bacterial pathogens in the family Chlamydiaceae are causes of human blindness, sexually transmitted disease, and p … genes of many microorganisms, so we screened a library of 4,184 ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized Chlamydia trachomatis isolates for temperature-sensitive (TS) mutants that developed normally at physiological temperature (37°C) but not at nonphysiological temperatures. Heat-sensitive TS mutants were identified at a high frequency, while cold-sensitive mutants were le …

Proportion of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Cases Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis: Consistent Picture From Different Methods.

BACKGROUND: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a leading cause of both tubal factor infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Chlamydia trachomatis is an important risk factor for PID, but the proportion of PID cases caused by C. trachomatis is unclear. Estimates of this are required to evaluate control measures. METHODS: We consider 5 separate methods of estimating age-group-specific population excess fractions (PEFs) of PID due to C. trachomatis, using routine data, surveys, case-control studies, and randomized controlled trials, and apply these to data from the United Kingdom before introductio…

Multiplex Strand Invasion Based Amplification (mSIBA) assay for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Nucleic acid amplification tests have become a common method for diagnosis of STIs due to their improved sensitivity over immunoassays and t … . Here, we report the development of multiplexed SIBA (mSIBA) that allows simultaneous detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and an internal control in the same reaction tube. SIBA is compatible with probes, allowing the detection of multiple DNA targets in the same reaction tube. The IC was developed to assess the quality of the isolated …

Inhibitory activities of the marine streptomycete-derived compound SF2446A2 against Chlamydia trachomatis and Schistosoma mansoni.

Infectious diseases caused by chlamydia or schistosomes are a major health problem worldwide, and particularly so in developing countries. T … nalysis and MS and comparison with the literature data. SF2446A2 showed inhibitory activity against Chlamydia trachomatis and was able to inhibit the primary infection in a dose-dependent manner, as well as progeny formation. Moreover, it caused disruptive effects on the surface area of Schistosoma mansoni and affected the gonads by impairing oogenesis and spermatogene …

Development of a rectal sexually transmitted infection--HIV coinfection model utilizing Chlamydia trachomatis and SHIVSF162p3.

BACKGROUND: Rectal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may increase HIV susceptibility in men who have sex with men (MSM), and Chlamydia trachomatis is prevalent among HIV-positive MSM. To study STIs and HIV infection in MSM, we first evaluated whether cynomolgus macaques can sustain both C. trachomatis and SHIVSF162p3 infections. METHODS: Four SHIVSF162p3 -positive male cynomolgus macaques were used (n = 3 rectally inoculated with 10(6) IFU; n = 1 control). Systemic and rectal SHIV RNA levels and cytokines were measured by real-time PCR and Luminex assays, respectively. RESULTS: Macaques…

Цитопатологические исследования в цервице у корейских женщин с хламидией трахоматисом, микоплазмой гоминис и уреаплазматическими инфекциями.

Это для изучения цитологических аномалий шейки матки, связанных с хламидией трахоматисом, микоплазмой гоминис, гениталиями микопласмы и уриаплазматическими инфекциями на обычных экранах. В ходе ретроспективного обследования было выявлено в общей сложности 714 лиц, прошедших мазки Папаниколау и сопутствующие анализы на шейные инфекции. Частота реактивных клеточных изменений (RCC) и неровных эпителиальных аномалий в хламидии была значительно выше, чем в неинфекционных предметах (P<0,001). Из 124 обследованных предметов на M. hominis, M. Genium и U. urealiticum 14 (11%) были положительными для M.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
This is to investigate the cervical cytological abnormalities associated with Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Ureaplasma urealyticum infections on routine screen. A total of 714 subjects who had undergone cervical Pap smears and concomitant analyses for cervical infections were included by a retrospective search. The fre…

Integrin α4β1 is necessary for CD4+ T cell-mediated protection against genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in the United States and a significant health burden worldwide. Protection from Chlamydia infection in the genital mucosa is dependent on IFN-γ derived from CD4(+) Th1 cells. These CD4(+) T cells must home successfully to the genital tract to exert their effector function and decrease C. trachomatis burden. Although adhesion receptors expressed by CD4(+) T cells in the genital tract have been characterized, the integrin receptor required for Chlamydia-specific CD4(+) T cell-mediated protection has not b…

Urethral polyp-like lesions on prostatic urethra caused by Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a case report.

Urethral polyp is one of differential diagnoses for the male patients complain of gross-hematuria and/or hematospermia. However, there have been limited numbers of case reports including infectious etiology. Here we reported clinical course and pathological findings of one rare case who was diagnosed and treated as urethral polyp-like lesions on the prostatic urethra caused by Chlamydia trachomatis infection. A 25 year-old man who had a past history of frequent sexual intercourse with unspecified female sexual partner visited the clinic. His chief complaint was gross-hematuria and hematospermi…

Chlamydia trachomatis remodels stable microtubules to coordinate Golgi stack recruitment to the chlamydial inclusion surface.

Chlamydia trachomatis (Ctr), an obligate intracellular bacterium, survives and replicates within a membrane-bound vacuole, termed the inclusion, which intercepts host exocytic pathways to acquire nutrients. Ctr subverts cellular trafficking pathways from the Golgi by targeting small GTPases, including Rab proteins, to sustain intracellular bacterial replication; however, the precise mechanisms involved remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that Chlamydia infection in human epithelial cells induces microtubule remodeling, in particular the formation of detyrosinated stable MTs, to recru…

Chlamydia trachomatis infections and subfertility: opportunities to translate host pathogen genomic data into public health.

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections in women can result in tubal pathology (TP). Worldwide 10-15% of all couples are subfertile, meaning they did not get pregnant after 1 year. Part of the routine subfertility diagnostics is the Chlamydia Antibody Test (CAT) to decide for laparoscopy or not in order to diagnose TP. The CAT positive and negative predictive value is such that many unneeded laparoscopies are done and many TP cases are missed. Addition of host genetic markers related to infection susceptibility and severity could potentially improve the clinical management of couples who suffer …

Association of Chlamydia trachomatis infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) & cervical intraepithelial neoplasia - a pilot study.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the necessary cause of cervical cancer and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is considered a potential cofactor in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The objective of this pilot study was to determine the association of CT infection with HPV, other risk factors for cervical cancer, and CIN in symptomatic women. METHODS: A total of 600 consecutively selected women aged 30-74 yr with persistent vaginal discharge, intermenstrual/postcoital bleeding or unhealthy cervix underwent conventional Pap smear, Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2…

Prevalence and risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis infection among young Thai men in 2008-2009.

BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection and other sexually transmitted infections in men potentially contribute significantly in sustaining the spread of the infection. To describe the distribution and related sexual behaviors, we conducted a cross-sectional study among young Thai men using a (1:30) systematic sampling of all newly inducted military conscripts in Thailand. METHODS: In November 2008 and May 2009, participants' urine and serum samples were tested for CT and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction technique, and serologic testing …

Predictors of repeat Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections among African-American adolescent women.

BACKGROUND: Young African-American women have the highest rates of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the USA. The objective was to identify baseline predictors of repeat chlamydia and/or gonorrhoea infections among African-American adolescent women. METHODS: Sociodemographic, psychosocial and behavioural data were collected at baseline and every 6 months for 2 years from 701 African-American women (14-20 years) enrolled in an HIV prevention trial. Vaginal swabs were self-collected at each visit and assayed for chlamydia and gonorrhoea using DNA amplification. Among participan…

Multilocus sequence typing of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis from patients with different degrees of clinical symptoms.

BACKGROUND: In the past, contradictory results have been obtained linking Chlamydia trachomatis serovars (ompA gene) to different clinical courses of infection. METHODS: A high resolution multilocus sequence typing (MLST) system was used to genotype 6 genetic regions, including ompA, in 70 Dutch urogenital C. trachomatis strains from patients with different degrees of defined clinical symptoms (asymptomatic, symptomatic, and lower abdominal pain), to determine if MLST genotypes correlated with clinical manifestations of infection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified 46 MLST types, with on…

Endometrial leukocyte subpopulations associated with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis genital tract infection.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to characterize endometrial inflammation associated with common genital tract pathogens. STUDY DESIGN: The design of the study was the immunohistochemical characterization of the endometrial leukocyte subpopulations from 37 controls and 45 women infected with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or Trichomonas vaginalis. RESULTS: Compared with uninfected women, endocervical infection with C trachomatis, N gonorrhoeae, or T vaginalis was associated with significant increases in endometrial T cells, B cells, plasma cells, and polymorphonuclear…

Risk of Chlamydia trachomatis infection during pregnancy: effectiveness of guidelines-based screening in identifying cases.

Our goal was to define the risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection among pregnant women at a large urban medical centre. In a retrospective study, clinical records at a US maternity unit from July 2005 through February 2008 were reviewed. The study population included all pregnant women with a singleton newborn of at least 20 weeks gestation and antenatal care information. Logistic regression was used to analyse the association between a positive CT test and demographic, behavioural and prenatal care variables. A total of 2127 women were included in this analysis. The prevalence …

Productive Chlamydia trachomatis lymphogranuloma venereum 434 infection in cells with augmented or inactivated autophagic activities.

Autophagy, a eukaryotic cellular activity leading to the degradation of cellular components, serves as a defense mechanism against facultative intracellular bacteria as well as a growth niche for the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. We here demonstrate that the obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis lymphogranuloma venereum strongly induced autophagy in the middle of the chlamydial developmental cycle (24 h after infection), a time point with maximal level of chlamydial replication, but not during the early stages with low overall chlamydial metaboli…

Characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis omp1 genotypes detected in eye swab samples from remote Australian communities.

Chlamydia trachomatis conjunctival samples collected over a 6-month period from individuals with clinical signs of trachoma and located in remote communities in the Australian Northern Territory were differentially characterized according to serovar and variants. The rationale was to gain an understanding of the epidemiology of an apparent increased prevalence of acute trachoma in areas thought to be less conducive to this disease. Characterization was performed through sequencing of a region of the omp1 gene spanning the four variable domains and encoding the major outer membrane protein. Nuc…