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Natural Products as Anticancer Agents: Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Natural products have been an invaluable and useful source of anticancer agents over the years. Several compounds have been synthesized from natural products by modifying their structures or by using naturally occurring compounds as building blocks in the synthesis of these compounds for various purposes in different fields, such as biology, medicine, and engineering. Multiple modern and costly treatments have been applied to combat cancer and limit its lethality, but the results are not significantly refreshing. Natural products, which are a significant source of new therapeutic drugs, are cu

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… For example, berberine is a secondary metabolite produced by plants, commonly found in the roots, rhizomes, and stem barks of Chinese herbs and plants of the Berberis genus. … Moreover, barbamine isolated from Berberis amurensis effectively inhibited the growth of cancer in vitro (SKOV3 and Es2 cell lines) and in vivo (SKOV3 xenograft model) by inducing apoptosis and targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway [ 119 ]. …

Gut-Bone Axis: A Non-Negligible Contributor to Periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a polymicrobial infectious disease characterized by alveolar bone loss. Systemic diseases or local infections, such as diabetes, postmenopausal osteoporosis, obesity, and inflammatory bowel disease, promote the development and progression of periodontitis. Accumulating evidences have revealed the pivotal effects of gut microbiota on bone health via gut-alveolar-bone axis. Gut pathogens or metabolites may translocate to distant alveolar bone via circulation and regulate bone homeostasis. In addition, gut pathogens can induce aberrant gut immune responses and subsequent homing o

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… Berberine is an alkaloid present in some medicinal plants, such as Berberis vulgaris , and Hydrastis canadens . …

Non-coding RNA/microRNA-modulatory dietary factors and natural products for improved cancer therapy and prevention: Alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids and water-soluble vitamins.

Non-coding small RNA molecules, the microRNAs (miRNAs), contribute decisively to the epigenetic regulation processes in cancer cells. Problematic pathogenic properties of cancer cells and the response of cancers towards anticancer drugs are highly influenced by miRNAs. Both increased drug activity and formation of tumor resistance are regulated by miRNAs. Further to this, the survival and proliferation of cancer cells and the formation of metastases is based on the modulated expression of certain miRNAs. In particular, drug-resistant cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) depend on the presence and abs

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… 74] , miR-24 [73] , miR-34b [75] , miR-431 [75] , miR-518c-AS [75] Trabectedin | let-7e [78] , miR-98 [78] , miR-130a [78] , miR-192 [78] | miR-7 [78] , miR-21 [78] The isoquinoline alkaloid berberine features a quaternary cationic quinolizinium derivative found in various medicinal plants such as Berberis …

Obesity: pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions.

Over the past few decades, obesity has transitioned from a localized health concern to a pressing global public health crisis affecting over 650 million adults globally, as documented by WHO epidemiological surveys. As a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by pathological adipose tissue expansion, chronic inflammation, and neuroendocrine dysregulation that disrupts systemic homeostasis and impairs physiological functions, obesity is rarely an isolated condition; rather, it is frequently complicated by severe comorbidities that collectively elevate mortality risks. Despite advances in nutr

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… BBR also exists in other medicinal plants, such as Berberis aristata , and B. vulgaris [ 324 ], and it is metabolized into berberrubine (M1), thalifendine (M2), demethyleneberberine (M3), and jatrorrhizine (M4) [ 325 ]. …

Interplay of non-coding RNAs and approved antimetabolites such as gemcitabine and pemetrexed in mesothelioma.

Gemcitabine and pemetrexed are clinically approved antimetabolites for the therapy of mesothelioma diseases. These drugs are often applied in combination with platinum complexes and other drugs. The activity of antimetabolites depended on the expression levels of certain non-coding RNAs, in particular, of small microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The development of tumor resistance towards antimetabolites was regulated by non-coding RNAs. An overview of the interplay between gemcitabine/pemetrexed antimetabolites and non-coding RNAs in mesothelioma is provided. Further to th

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… In addition, the oncogene miR-21 was suppressed by the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine (ex Berberis aristata ) [ 183 ]. Another natural isoquinoline called palmatine chloride induced the expression of miR-34a [ 183 , 184 ]. …

Molecular mechanisms underlying methotrexate-induced intestinal injury and protective strategies.

Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid reductase inhibitor that manages various malignancies as well as immune-mediated inflammatory chronic diseases. Despite being frequently prescribed, MTX's severe multiple toxicities can occasionally limit its therapeutic potential. Intestinal toxicity is a severe adverse effect associated with the administration of MTX, and patients are significantly burdened by MTX-provoked intestinal mucositis. However, the mechanism of such intestinal toxicity is not entirely understood, mechanistic studies demonstrated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions as key fa

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… Berberine and zinc Berberine, a well-known natural isoquinoline alkaloid, is found in a variety of plants, such as Coptis and Berberis (Cicero and Baggioni 2016 ). It is interesting to note that traditional medicine uses berberine to treat intestinal disorders and diarrhea (Tan et al. 2019 ). …

Polyphenols as Antitumor Agents Targeting Key Players in Cancer-Driving Signaling Pathways.

Polyphenols constitute an important group of natural products that are traditionally associated with a wide range of bioactivities. These are usually found in low concentrations in natural products and are now available in nutraceuticals or dietary supplements. A group of polyphenols that include apigenin, quercetin, curcumin, resveratrol, EGCG, and kaempferol have been shown to regulate signaling pathways that are central for cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Here, we describe novel mechanistic insights on the effect of this group of polyphenols on key elements of the signaling

Эпигенетика и метаболическая метаболическая дисфункция при многоразовом склерозе: обзор подходов к травяным лекарствам и текущих клинических испытаний.

Множественный склероз (MS) — сложная аутоиммунная болезнь, характеризующаяся воспалением, обезвоживанием и нейродегенерацией в центральной нервной системе (КНС). Хотя точные причины остаются неясными, недавние исследования подчеркивают важную роль эпигенетических изменений и митохондриальной дисфункции в начале и развитии болезни. Эпигенетические изменения, такие, как метилация ДНК, модификация гистона и регулирование микроРНК, влияют на генное выражение, не изменяя последовательности ДНК, что приводит к иммунной дисрегуляции и воспалению. Аналогичным образом, митохондриальная дисфункция, отме

Natural biomolecules and derivatives as anticancer immunomodulatory agents.

Despite advancements in chemotherapy, the issue of resistance and non-responsiveness to many chemotherapeutic drugs that are currently in clinical use still remains. Recently, cancer immunotherapy has gathered attention as a novel treatment against select cancers. Immunomodulation is also emerging as an effective strategy to improve efficacy. Natural phytochemicals, with known anticancer properties, been reported to mediate their effects by modulating both traditional cancer pathways and immunity. The mechanism of phytochemical mediated-immunomodulatory activity may be attributed to the remode

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… Berberine Berberine is an alkaloid found in Berberidaceae and thus the barberry fruit ( Berberis vulgaris ). Berberine use as an antioxidant, chemoprotective and anthelminthic agent in the treatment of infections and skin conditions dates back to 650BC. …

Oxidative Stress: Signaling Pathways, Biological Functions, and Disease.

The dysregulated accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species disrupts redox homeostasis, triggering oxidative stress (OS) and driving pathophysiological changes across multiple organ systems. OS modulates critical signaling pathways, induces inflammation, impairs mitochondrial function, alters metabolic homeostasis, and dysregulates autophagy, contributing to disease progression. While prior research has largely focused on OS within single-organ diseases (e.g., neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and oncological disorders), the systemic role of OS in pan-organ di

Неделя ГЭЭ 2018 Презентации на плакате

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