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Brain abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an idiopathic inflammatory syndrome of the central nervous system that is characterized by severe attacks of optic neuritis (ON) and myelitis. Until recently, NMO was considered a disease without brain involvement. However, since the discovery of NMO-IgG/antiaqaporin-4 antibody, the concept of NMO was broadened to NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and brain lesions are commonly recognized. Furthermore, some patients present with brain symptoms as their first manifestation and develop recurrent brain symptoms without ON or myelitis. Brain lesions with characteristic l…

Neuromyelitis optica: potential roles for intravenous immunoglobulin.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an idiopathic central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease that causes optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and other CNS syndromes. It is distinct from multiple sclerosis and is associated with autoantibodies that target aquaporin-4 (AQP4), an astrocyte water channel. Evidence indicating antibody-mediated immune injury in NMO includes its association with other autoimmune diseases, lesional pathology that reveals prominent complement activation and immunoglobulin deposition, pathogenic potential of AQP4 autoantibodies based on in vitro studies, and r…

Brain involvement in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) are severe inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system. Brain involvement is increasingly recognized. OBJECTIVE: To study brain involvement in NMOSDs among Hong Kong Chinese patients. DESIGN: Retrospective study of patients with NMOSDs. SETTING: Tertiary medical center in Hong Kong. Patients  Thirty-four Hong Kong Chinese patients with NMOSDs of 2 years or longer were recruited. INTERVENTIONS: Brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging was performed during NMOSD attacks and was repeated yearly for the…

Neuromyelitis optica treatment: analysis of 36 patients.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze treatment response in Brazilian patients with neuromyelitis optica. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Neuroimmunology Clinic of the Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Patients  Thirty-six patients with relapsing-remitting optic-spinal disease; long, extending spinal cord lesions; and brain magnetic resonance images not meeting Barkhof criteria for multiple sclerosis, thus fulfilling the 1999 and 2006 criteria for neuromyelitis optica. Patients were followed up from 1994 to 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relapses and accumulation of disability. RESU…

Serum uric acid levels and neuromyelitis optica.

Uric acid (UA) has been reported to be reduced in the serum of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and optic neuritis (ON). However, the relationship between UA and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) was unknown. NMO was claimed to be a distinct nosologic entity from MS. The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between serum UA level and the clinical characteristics of NMO. The serum UA level was measured in 403 Chinese patients; 69 with NMO, 32 ON, 127 MS, 80 cerebral infarction (CI) patients, and 95 healthy controls (CTL). Serum UA level in NMO was significantly lower than that in C…

[Devic's neuromyelitis optica and related neurological disorders].

Devic's neuromyelitis optica (DNMO) is a demyelinating and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) essentially restricted to the spinal cord and the optic nerves. It is a rare disorder. Since the first description by Eugène Devic in 1894, the relationship between DNMO and multiple sclerosis (MS) has been controversial. Recent clinical, epidemiological, pathological and immunological data suggest that MS and DNMO are distinct entities. This distinction between DNMO and MS is however crucial, as prognosis and treatment are indeed different. The clinical course of NMO deteriorate…

Interferon-beta(1b) treatment in neuromyelitis optica.

BACKGROUND: The effects of interferon-beta(1b) (IFN-beta(1b)) administration in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients have been confirmed, however, those in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients have not been shown. In this study, we assessed the effects of IFN-beta(1b) treatment on disease exacerbation and disability progression in MS or NMO patients. METHODS: We reviewed a series of 104 consecutive patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (69) or NMO (35) treated with IFN-beta(1b) in the MS clinical center of a national hospital in Japan. RESULTS: The relapse number in the RRMS patients signif…

Neuromyelitis optica preceded by brain demyelinating episode.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is considered a distinct disease from multiple sclerosis (MS) because of its pathogenesis. It is well accepted that NMO selectively affects the spinal cord and optic nerve and is not associated with brain lesions at the onset of the disease, unlike MS. We present a unique case where the patient's initial lesion was in the brain, and optic neuritis and myelitis were revealed 6 years after the brain lesion. In addition, the patient's serum antiaquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody was positive. We consider the brain lesion to precede abnormal lesion of NMO, and the AQP4 measurem…

Neuromyelitis optica and non organ-specific autoimmunity.

BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is often associated with other clinical or serological markers of non-organ-specific autoimmunity. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between NMO spectrum disorders (NMOSDs), including NMO, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, and recurrent optic neuritis, and autoimmune disease. We concentrated on the association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren syndrome (SS), or serological evidence of these disorders, which commonly is a source of diagnostic confusion. DESIGN: Retrospective blinded serological survey. SETTING: Mayo Clin…

Devic's neuromyelitis optica: clinical and imaging findings.

Devic's neuromyelitis optica is an uncommon but severe monophasic or relapsing demyelinating disease. Current evidence supports the concept that it is a distinct disorder from multiple sclerosis, with some specific imaging characteristics. The aim of this paper is to report the clinical and imaging features of this rare entity and to discuss its differential diagnosis.

Devic's neuromyelitis optica: study of nine cases.

OBJECTIVE: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is by far the most popular diagnosis for patients with multifocal neurological disease. Owing to demyelinating inflammatory non-necrotic plaques of the white matter, MS can give remitting symptoms of virtually every part of the central nervous system. Corticosteroids are usually helpful. Devic's neuromyelitis optica (DNMO) is a neurological disease involving only the optic nerves and the spinal cord, where demyelination evolves towards necrosis and atrophy; the prognosis is poor and no satisfactory treatment is known. The objectives of this study are to descr…

Neuromyelitis optica: a case report from India.

A young Indian male was admitted for paraplegia of acute onset and with bilateral optic neuritis. The diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica was made. This is possibly the first case report of its kind from India.

Neuromyelitis optica (Devic's syndrome) in two sisters.

Neuromyelitis optica (Devic's syndrome) typically occurs in a sporadic pattern. We studied the disorder in two sisters, ages 6 and 10 years, who presented with sudden loss of vision at age 3 years, followed 5 months later by a transverse myelopathy. The older girl had only light perception in either eye, persistent paraparesis and progressive scoliosis; her sister had a visual acuity of 20/200 in both eyes and mild spinal cord dysfunction. Results of electrodiagnostic tests correlated well with the severity of clinical neurologic deficits and provided objective estimates of the extent of tissu…

Планирование семьи при расстройстве спектра нейромиелита.

Нейромиелитное расстройство спектра (NMOSD) — аутоиммунное инфламматорное расстройство нервной системы, связанное с почтой спинного мозга и зрительными нервами, и очерченное сильными рецидивами с высокой степенью вероятности оставлять инвалидность позади. AQP4-IgG NMOSD имеет сильное женское превосходство с превалентностью во время деторождения. Беременность по линии НМОСР считается высокой и сопряжена с повышенным риском осложнений при родах и родах. В отличие от множественного склероза, беременность сопряжена с риском увеличения вероятности рецидива. Одной из важнейших проблем, связанных с п

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune inflamammatory disorder of the cnetral nervous system involving maily the spinal cord and optic nerves and is charaectrized by severe relapses with a high possibilty of leaving disability behind. AQP4-IgG NMOSD has a strong female predominance with a prevalnce during the childbearing priod. NMOS…

Динамика липопротеина в расстройстве спектра нейромиелита.

Нейромиелитное расстройство спектра (NMOSD) — нейровоспалительное заболевание, вызванное аквапорином-4 IgG антителами, которое повреждает астроциты и приводит к воспалению. Хотя в различных нейро-воспалительных заболеваниях наблюдались изменения в липидовых профилях, роль дислипидемии в активности НМОСД по-прежнему малоизвестна. В ходе этого исследования мы проанализировали профили плазменного липопротеина у 40 пациентов с NMOSD во время рецидивов, 35 пациентов с множественным склерозом (MS) во время рецидивов, а также 41 возрастной и секс-мониторинг (HC). Из 112 липопротеиновых компонентов 39

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a neuroinflammatory disease caused by aquaporin-4 IgG antibodies, which damage astrocytes and trigger inflammation. Although altered lipid profiles have been observed in various neuroinflammatory diseases, the role of dyslipidemia in NMOSD disease activity remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed…

Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography in Neuromyelitis Optica.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To determine optic nerve and retinal damage in aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG)-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) in a large international cohort after previous studies have been limited by small and heterogeneous cohorts. METHODS: The cross-sectional Collaborative Retrospective Study on retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) in neuromyelitis optica collected retrospective data from 22 centers. Of 653 screened participants, we included 283 AQP4-IgG-seropositive patients with NMOSD and 72 healthy controls (HCs). Participants underwent OC…

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is an autoimmune, astrocytopathic CNS disease, mainly involving the optic nerves, spinal cord, and brain stem regions. The "International Panel for NMOSD Diagnosis (IPND) Diagnostic Criteria" was implemented to define the disorder. CASE PRESENTATION: A 38-year-old patient presented with visual loss of eight months' duration and weakness of the lower extremities of one week's duration. The patient had bilateral optic atrophy on fundoscopic examination, and flaccid paraplegia with sensory loss below T4 level. Serological tests for syphilis, HIV…