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Structural connectivity of right frontal hyperactive areas scales with stuttering severity.

A neuronal sign of persistent developmental stuttering is the magnified coactivation of right frontal brain regions during speech production … lcus. In contrast, with decreasing speech motor deficits connection strength increased in the right uncinate fasciculus. Additional group comparisons of whole-brain white matter skeletons replicated the previously reported reduction of fractional anisotropy in the left and right superior longitudinal fasciculus as well as at the junction of right frontal aslant tract …

Diffusion Tensor Imaging to Map Brain Microstructural Changes in CADASIL.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is sensitive to brain microstructural changes. The aims of this DTI study were to map … mporal poles, superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior frontal-occipital fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, cingulum, forceps major and minor, corticospinal tracts, and thalamic radiations), thalami, and corpus callosum. Additional areas of increased RD were observed in pons, midbrain, cerebellar peduncles, and cerebellar WM. Only FA was negatively corre …

Mendelian Randomization and Double Machine Learning Modeling Reveal Brain Imaging-Derived Phenotypes as Functional Contributors to 18 Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases.

Autoimmune inflammatory diseases (AIDs) are genetically linked disorders with unclear causal links to brain functional networks. Using bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) on GWAS data from 18 AIDs and 1,366 brain imaging-derived phenotypes (n = 8,428), we identified significant associations, including reduced left striatal activity increasing multiple sclerosis risk (OR = 0.59), left uncinate fasciculus activity elevating systemic lupus erythematosus risk (OR = 3.72), and asymmetric cerebellar peduncle effects in cutaneous vasculitis (left: OR = 0.11; right: OR = 8.57) [explo…

Estimated Disease Progression Trajectory of White Matter Disruption in Unilateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Data-Driven Machine Learning Approach.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although the involvement of progressive brain alterations in epilepsy was recently suggested, individual patients' tr … n algorithm identified a single subtype model in which the initial damage occurs in the ipsilateral uncinate fasciculus (UF), followed by damage in the forceps, superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and anterior thalamic radiation (ATR). This pattern was replicated when analyzing TLE with hippocampal sclerosis (n = 50) and TLE with no lesions (n = 105) separately. …

A Role for the Action Observation Network in Apraxia After Stroke.

Limb apraxia is a syndrome often observed after stroke that affects the ability to perform skilled actions despite intact elementary motor a … arietal area PGi, the superior longitudinal fasciculus underlying the primary motor cortex, and the uncinate fasciculus, subserving connections between temporal and frontal regions. No significant lesions were identified when language deficits, as indicated via a picture naming task, were controlled for. The implication of the superior temporal sulcus and the anatomi …

Diffusion tensor imaging of normal-appearing white matter in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The occult changes in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) were investigated and compared amongst patients with neur … inferior cerebellar peduncle, external capsule, cingulum, superior fronto-occipital fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus. CONCLUSIONS: Using DTI, widespread occult damage was demonstrated in the NAWM of patients with NMOSD. However, the NAWM was less affected in patients with NMOSD than it was in patients with MS; specifically, the axonal injuries and diffusion abnor …

White Matter Integrity in General Paresis: An Exploratory Tract-Based Spatial Statistical Analysis.

PURPOSE: The white matter integrity and fine structure changes were rarely reported in General Paresis (GP). We discussed white matter (WM) … ferior longitudinal fasciculus L (ILF_L), ILF_R, superior longitudinal fasciculus_L (SLF_L), SLF_R, uncinate fasciculus L (UF_L), UF_R and SLFTP_R. AD increased in Ch_R, ILF_L, UF_L. RD increased in FCPm, IFOF_L, IFOF_R, ILF_L, ILF_R, UF_L, UF_R, SLFTP_R. LDHs decreased in anterior thalamic radiation L (ATR_L), cingulum (cingulate gyrus) L (CCG_L). LDHk decreased in …

Differences in structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging underlie visuomotor performance declines in older adults with an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease.

INTRODUCTION: Visuomotor impairments have been demonstrated in preclinical AD in individuals with a positive family history of dementia and … ciculus (IFOF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and uncinate fasciculus (UF). Some of these tracts overlap with those important for visuomotor integration, namely the forceps minor, forceps major, SLF, IFOF, and ILF. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that measuring the dysfunction of brain networks underlying visuomot …

Abnormal White Matter Microstructure in the Limbic System Is Associated With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex-Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders.

OBJECTIVE: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease that arises from TSC1 or TSC2 abnormalities and induces the overactivation … fasciculus (IFOF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), uncinate fasciculus (UF), and genu of corpus callosum (CC) in the TSC group relative to the control group. In the association analysis, intellectual disability was widely associated with all target regions. In contrast, behavioral problems and autistic features were as …

Impairment and Plasticity of Language-Related White Matter in Patients With Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.

BACKGROUND: Language dysfunction is rarely seen in patients with unruptured brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) albeit the AVM nidus involving language areas, which provides a unique disease model to study language reorganization. The objective of this study was to investigate the impairment and reorganization patterns and characteristics of language-related white matter in AVMs located at different brain areas. METHODS: Thirty-three patients with AVMs involving language areas were prospectively enrolled. Patients were categorized into 3 groups according to the lesion locations: the fronta

Quantifying multimodal longitudinal brain changes in presymptomatic C9orf72 disease.

INTRODUCTION: The presymptomatic phase of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated with C9orf72 repeat expansion … C up to four-fold higher than in controls. Increases in mean diffusivity occurred first in the left uncinate fasciculus, followed by thalamo-cortical bundles (p < 0.05), associated with higher neurofilament levels. DISCUSSION: Our study highlighted the GM and WM structures showing the greatest longitudinal decline during the preclinical stage, whose ARC may serve as …

Segmental abnormalities of white matter microstructure in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder identified by automated fiber quantification.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are different in pathogenesis, but both could lead t … in pointwise comparison in RRMS patients. However, the FA in left thalamic radiation (TR) and right uncinate fasciculus showed significant differences between RRMS and HC only in the pointwise comparison, but not in the entire tract comparison. The MD, AD and RD of WM fiber tracts in RRMS patients were extensively increased both in the entire level and in the pointwi …

White matter changes in reward circuits of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a fixel-based study of appetite loss.

BACKGROUND: Non-motor symptoms such as appetite loss contribute to weight and fat mass reduction in people living with Amyotrophic Lateral S … tion reductions throughout the temporo-ponto-cerebellar tract, the medial forebrain bundle, and the uncinate fasciculus. Though no direct associations were observed between fibre characteristics and measures of appetite or metabolism, we found significant correlation between fibre cross-section of the corticospinal/corticobulbar tracts and fat-free mass in NND contro …

Local neuroanatomical and tract-based proxies of optimal subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation.

BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate area (SCC-DBS) is a promising neuromodulatory therapy for treatment-resistan … teral (but primarily left) cingulum bundle, forceps minor/rostrum of corpus callosum, and bilateral uncinate fasciculus. Conversely, negative discriminative streamlines mostly belonged to the right cingulum bundle and bilateral uncinate fasciculus. The best performing linear model, which utilized information about VTA volume overlap with each of the positive discrimi …

Does white matter structure relate to hemispheric language lateralization? A systematic review.

The relationship between functional language lateralization and diffusion MRI-based white matter metrics remains a subject of considerable i … e more variable, often influenced by factors such as handedness. Other white matter tracts, such as uncinate fasciculus, showed less consistent associations with language dominance across studies. Interestingly, temporal lobe regions, especially those involved in semantic processing, exhibited stronger correlations with diffusion measures compared to frontal areas as …

White Matter Regional Volumes in Relation to Menstrual Cycle Phase and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.

BACKGROUND: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is an understudied, debilitating, and hormone-related mental disorder. Recent evidence su … cle phases, women with PMDD exhibited greater WMVs than control women within ROIs (in the bilateral uncinate fasciculus, right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and left crus and fimbria of the fornix) and across the whole brain (in inferior occipital areas and near the angular gyrus), indicating trait- rather than state-like structural markers of PMDD. CONCLUSI …

Связи между фронто-лимбическими связями белой материи и интернализации симптомов педиатрической демиелионирующей болезни.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Дети, страдающие нервно-воспалительными расстройствами, такими, как множественный склероз (MS), спектральное расстройство нейромиелита (NMOSD) и гликопротеиновое расстройство миэлина олигодендроцита (MOGAD), имеют высокий уровень тревоги и депрессии. Эти симптомы могут быть связаны с нарушениями в фронтально-лимбовых белых трактатах (WM), включая связку цингулума (CB), нижний фронтозащитный фаскил (IFOF) и неининативный фаскил (UF), который поддерживает эмоциональное регулирование. Мы обследовали 33 ребенка с нервно-воспалительными расстройствами и 28 здоровыми средствами контроля. Б

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Children with neuroinflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), an … r (WM) tracts, including the cingulum bundle (CB), inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), and uncinate fasciculus (UF), which support emotional regulation. METHODS: We studied 33 children with neuroinflammatory disorders and 28 healthy controls. Diffusion tensor imaging and white matter tract integrity maps were generated, focusing on WM tracts of interest (CB …

Wider and faster degeneration of white matter in Parkinson's disease with possible REM sleep behaviour disorder.

BACKGROUND: In Parkinson's disease (PD), rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) signifies a poorer prognosis, yet its impac … RESULTS: At baseline, PD-npRBD showed increased RD in several regions, predominantly in bilateral uncinate fasciculus (UF) and inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), compared to HC (PFDR<0.05). During follow-up, PD-npRBD had further FA decrease in left UF and ILF (PFDR<0.05). PD-pRBD showed reduced FA in several regions relative to HC at baseline (PFDR<0.05), and …

White Matter Abnormalities Associated With Prolonged Recovery in Adolescents Following Concussion.

Background: Concussion symptoms in adolescents typically resolve within 4 weeks. However, 20 - 30% of adolescents experience a prolonged recovery. Abnormalities in tracts implicated in visuospatial attention and emotional regulation (i.e., inferior longitudinal fasciculus, ILF; inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, IFOF; uncinate fasciculus; UF) have been consistently reported in concussion; yet, to date, there are no objective markers of prolonged recovery in adolescents. Here, we evaluated the utility of diffusion MRI in outcome prediction. Forty-two adolescents (12.1 - 17.9 years; female: 4…

Neural structures supporting spontaneous and assisted (entrained) speech fluency.

Non-fluent speech is one of the most common impairments in post-stroke aphasia. The rehabilitation of non-fluent speech in aphasia is partic … o had preservation of the posterior middle temporal gyrus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus, while exhibiting lesions in areas typically associated with non-fluent aphasia, such as the superior longitudinal fasciculus, precentral, inferior frontal, supramarginal and insular cortices. Our findings suggest that individuals with dorsal stream …