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Integrating Genomic Data into Public Health Surveillance for Multidrug-Resistant Organisms, Washington, USA.

Mitigating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health priority to preserve antimicrobial treatment options. The Washington State Department of Health in Washington, USA, piloted a process to leverage longitudinal genomic surveillance on the basis of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and a genomics-first cluster definition to enhance AMR surveillance. Here, we outline the approach to collaborative surveillance and describe the pilot using 6 carbapenemase-producing organism outbreaks of 3 species: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. We also highlight ho…

Evaluation of Surveillance for Suspected Human Exposure to Rabies, Washington State, 2018-2023.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the data quality, acceptability, sensitivity, simplicity, and representativeness of the surveillance system for suspected human rabies exposure in Washington State to understand current surveillance practices and areas for improvement. METHODS: We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation of the state's surveillance system for suspected rabies exposures. Specifically, we compared the number of suspected rabies exposures in the Washington Disease Reporting System (WDRS) with (1) the number of possible rabies exposures captured by syndromic surveillance (Rapid Health Informa…

The Origins of Engineered Biomaterials: NSF-Funded, University of Washington Engineered Biomaterials (UWEB).

The University of Washington Engineered Biomaterials (UWEB) Engineering Research Center (ERC) was funded from 1996 to 2007 by the U.S. National Science Foundation. The mission of UWEB was to advance biomaterials by integrating modern biology with materials science. UWEB specifically focused on the healing and integration of medical implants. UWEB teamed biologists, physicians, engineers, and industry and demonstrated three paths that might advance biomaterials so they could seamlessly integrate and heal in the body. The three primary lines of investigation were precision porous scaffolds, supe…

Trends in Chlamydia trachomatis Treatment Prescribing Practices in King County, Washington, 2010-2018.

BACKGROUND: In 2021, national Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) treatment guidelines changed from recommending either azithromycin (1 g; single dose) or doxycycline (100 mg twice daily for 7 days) to recommending only doxycycline as first-line treatment. The distribution and trends in CT prescribing practices before the guidelines change is largely unknown. METHODS: We conducted a trends analysis using Washington STD surveillance data. We included all female cases of urogenital CT 15 years or older who resided in King County and were diagnosed between 2010 and 2018. Surveillance data included inform…

Baylisascaris procyonis Roundworm Infection in Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Washington, USA, 2022.

We describe a case of Baylisascaris procyonis roundworm infection in a child in Washington, USA, with autism spectrum disorder. Environmental assessment confirmed nearby raccoon habitation and B. procyonis eggs. B. procyonis infections should be considered a potential cause of human eosinophilic meningitis, particularly among young children and persons with developmental delays.

Prevalence of Listeria Species on Food Contact Surfaces in Washington State Apple Packinghouses.

The 2014 caramel apple listeriosis outbreak was traced back to cross-contamination between food contact surfaces (FCS) of equipment used for packing and fresh apples. For Washington state, the leading apple producer in the United States with 79% of its total production directed to the fresh market, managing the risk of apple contamination with Listeria monocytogenes within the packing environment is crucial. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of Listeria spp. on FCS in Washington state apple packinghouses over two packing seasons and to identify those FCS types with …

COVID-19 Outbreak Among Three Affiliated Homeless Service Sites - King County, Washington, 2020.

On March 30, 2020, Public Health - Seattle and King County (PHSKC) was notified of a confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a resident of a homeless shelter and day center (shelter A). Residents from two other homeless shelters (B and C) used shelter A's day center services. Testing for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, was offered to available residents and staff members at the three shelters during March 30-April 1, 2020. Among the 181 persons tested, 19 (10.5%) had positive test results (15 residents and four staff members). On April 1, PHSKC and CDC collaborated

Abstracts From JADPRO Live 2019: Washington State Convention Center • Seattle • October 24-27.

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… Washington; Justin Speyer, ARNP, University of Washington Medical Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Melissa Winckler, DNP, ARNP, FNP-C, University of Washington Medical Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Gabrielle Zecha, PA-C, MHA, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance/UW Medicine; Kelda Gardner, PA-C, … MHS, University of Washington; Olivia Gilbert, University of Washington Department of Medicine; Paul Hendrie, MD, PhD, University of Washington Background: The number of patients with cancer has increased due to an aging population and improved cancer survival. …

Cancer in an Historic Washington DC African American Population and Its Geospatial Distribution.

Background: Cancer continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the African American community but insights into the types an … storical depth to our knowledge of the common cancer causes of morbidity among African Americans of Washington DC from 1931 to 1969. We contrast these findings with national historical data on cancer etiology and ethnic disparities in incidence. Our study suggests that historic data can provide longitudinal depth to our understanding of the persistence of ca …

Increasing methamphetamine injection among non-MSM who inject drugs in King County, Washington.

BACKGROUND: In King County, Washington, the HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) who inject methamphetamine is high, while it is low among other people who inject drugs (PWID). Local drug problem indicators suggest that methamphetamine use is increasing. The extent to which this increase affects MSM and non-MSM, and whether MSM and non-MSM networks are connected through injection equipment sharing, is unknown. METHODS: We used data from two serial cross-sectional surveys of PWID including five biannual surveys of Public Health-Seattle and King County Needle and Syringe Exchang…

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Washington State: Estimated Coverage and Missed Opportunities, 2006-2013.

OBJECTIVE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes almost all cervical cancer in women and contributes to vaginal, anal, oropharyngeal, and penile cancer morbidity and mortality. Although vaccines effective in preventing up to nine types of HPV are available, vaccination rates are low nationally. We assessed HPV vaccination coverage by age, sex, and county using Washington State Immunization Information System data. METHODS: We calculated on-time dose coverage by county and statewide among adolescents aged 11-12 years and assessed coverage by age 18 years. We calculated missed opportunities as the …

Cystic Fibrosis is Associated with Adverse Neonatal Outcomes in Washington State, 1996-2013.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with adverse neonatal outcomes in a recent birth cohort in the US. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective matched cohort study of infants born in Washington State from 1996 to 2013 was identified through birth certificate data and linked to statewide hospital discharge data. Infants with CF were identified by hospitalization (through age 5 years) in which a CF-specific International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code was recorded. "Unexposed" infants lacked CF-related International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revisio…

Work related injuries in Washington State's Trucking Industry, by industry sector and occupation.

BACKGROUND: The trucking industry continues to have some of the highest work-related injury and illness rates and costs of any industry in t … : The purpose of this descriptive study is to report on recent injuries in the trucking industry in Washington State. Data are presented by occupation and industry sector, in order to better understand the magnitude of specific injuries in terms of time-loss days and workers' compensation costs. METHODS: All accepted, compensable (time-loss) claims from 200 …

Notes from the field: norovirus infections associated with frozen raw oysters - Washington, 2011.

On October 19, 2011, Public Health - Seattle & King County was contacted regarding a woman who had experienced acute gastroenteritis after dining at a local restaurant with friends. Staff members interviewed the diners and confirmed that three of the seven in the party had consumed a raw oyster dish. Within 18-36 hours after consumption, the three had onsets of aches, nausea, and nonbloody diarrhea lasting 24-48 hours. One ill diner also reported vomiting. The four diners who had not eaten the raw oysters did not become ill.

Incidence and descriptive epidemiologic features of traumatic brain injury in King County, Washington.

OBJECTIVE: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability among US children. Our goal was to obtain population-based data on TBI incidence rates. METHODS: We conducted surveillance through a stratified random sample of hospital emergency departments in King County, Washington, to identify children 0 to 17 years of age with medically treated TBIs during an 18-month study period in 2007-2008. Additional cases were identified through hospital admission logs and the medical examiner's office. For a sample of nonfatal cases, parents were interviewed to verify TBIs, and medical record …

Vaccinia virus infection after sexual contact with a military smallpox vaccinee -Washington, 2010.

On March 1, 2010, the Washington State Department of Health (WADOH) notified Public Health - Seattle & King County (PHSKC) of a suspected case of contact transmission of vaccinia virus from sexual contact with a member of the military who had been vaccinated against smallpox. Vaccinia virus infection after sexual contact has been reported previously (1-4). Despite the patient's exposure history and clinical presentation, the diagnosis initially was not considered by the patient's physician, who ordered laboratory testing for several common sexually transmitted infections. The patient was seen …

Public health dispatch: tuberculosis outbreak among homeless persons--King County, Washington, 2002-2003.

The Public Health-Seattle and King County (PH-SKC) Tuberculosis Control Program, with assistance from the Washington State Department of Health and CDC, is continuing to investigate an ongoing outbreak of tuberculosis (TB) disease among homeless persons in Seattle. This report describes patient characteristics, methods used to identify active TB cases and contacts at highest risk for exposure, and control measures under way to prevent further transmission of this outbreak strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Reproductive and sexual health benefits in private health insurance plans in Washington State.

CONTEXT: Although unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are considerable problems in the United States, private health insurance plans are inconsistent in their coverage of reproductive and sexual health services needed to address these problems. METHODS: A survey administered to a market-representative sample of 12 health insurance carriers in Washington State assessed benefit coverage for gynecologic services, maternity services, contraceptive services, pregnancy termination, infertility services, reproductive cancer screening, STD services, HIV and AIDS services, an…

A follow-up study of childhood nasopharyngeal radium irradiation in Washington County, Maryland.

In 1978 an epidemiologic study exploring the health consequences of nasopharyngeal radium irradiation among individuals treated for adenoid enlargement in Washington County, Maryland, found an excess risk of brain tumors and a deficit of female breast cancers. The study population included all persons first seen at the Washington County Clinic for the Prevention of Deafness in Children from 1940 to January 1, 1960. We will continue the follow-up of irradiated and nonirradiated patients to (1) assess the risk of brain tumors and other neoplasms of the head and neck developing during a 40-year p…