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Polydatin alleviated radiation-induced lung injury through activation of Sirt3 and inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common and fatal complications of thoracic radiotherapy. It is characterized with two main features including early radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis in later phase. This study was to investigate the potential radioprotective effects of polydatin (PD), which was shown to exert anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative capacities in other diseases. In this study, we demonstrated that PD-mitigated acute inflammation and late fibrosis caused by irradiation. PD treatment inhibited TGF-β1-Smad3 signalling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transit

Resveratrol ameliorates benzo(a)pyrene-induced testicular dysfunction and apoptosis: involvement of p38 MAPK/ATF2/iNOS signaling.

Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] is an environmental toxicant that alters the steroidogenic profile of testis and induces testicular dysfunction. In the present study, we have investigated the molecular signaling of B(a)P and the ameliorative potential of the natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) antagonist and antioxidant, resveratrol, on B(a)P-induced male reproductive toxicity. Studies showed that B(a)P treatment resulted in p38 MAPK activation and increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production along with testicular apoptosis and steroidogenic dysfunction. Resveratrol cotreatment maint

Resveratrol Inhibits Aortic Root Dilatation in the Fbn1C1039G/+ Marfan Mouse Model.

OBJECTIVE: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene. Patients with MFS are at risk of aortic aneurysm formation and dissection. Usually, blood pressure-lowering drugs are used to reduce aortic events; however, this is not sufficient for most patients. In the aorta of smooth muscle cell-specific sirtuin-1-deficient mice, spontaneous aneurysm formation and senescence are observed. Resveratrol is known to enhance sirtuin-1 activity and to reduce senescence, which prompted us to investigate the effectiveness of resveratrol in inhibition of a

Sonic hedgehog signaling mediates resveratrol to increase proliferation of neural stem cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury in vitro.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: There is interest in drugs and rehabilitation methods to enhance neurogenesis and improve neurological function after brain injury or degeneration. Resveratrol may enhance hippocampal neurogenesis and improve hippocampal atrophy in chronic fatigue mice and prenatally stressed rats. However, its effect and mechanism of neurogenesis after stroke is less well understood. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is crucial for neurogenesis in the embryonic and adult brain, but relatively little is known about the role of Shh signaling in resveratrol-enhanced neurogenesis after stroke. METH

Resveratrol suppresses TPA-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression through the inhibition of MAPK pathways in oral cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Naturally occurring agents, such as resveratrol, have been determined to benefit health. Numerous studies have demonstrated that resveratrol has antioxidative, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective properties. However, the effect of resveratrol exerts on the metastasis of oral cancer cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect the anti-invasive activity of resveratrol on a human oral cancer cell line (SCC-9) in vitro and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Cell viability was examined by MTT assay, whereas cell motility was measured by migration and wound-heali

Mutual exacerbation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α deregulation and α-synuclein oligomerization.

OBJECTIVE: Aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and α-syn cytotoxicity are hallmarks of sporadic and familial Parkinson disease (PD), with accumulating evidence that prefibrillar oligomers and protofibrils are the pathogenic species in PD and related synucleinopathies. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular energy metabolism, has recently been associated with the pathophysiology of PD. Despite extensive effort on studying the function of PGC-1α in mitochondria, no studies have addressed whether PGC-1α directl

Immunoliposome encapsulation increases cytotoxic activity and selectivity of curcumin and resveratrol against HER2 overexpressing human breast cancer cells.

Natural compounds have been studied as a source of countless bioactive compounds with diverse activities. Among them, many dietary phytochemicals have been thoroughly studied for their cytotoxic or apoptotic effects in several cellular models in order to explain their anticancer capacity. Curcumin and resveratrol are two natural compounds with a large body of evidence showing their cytotoxic activity against a wide variety of cancer cells; however, their poor absorption, bioavailability, and low selectivity have limited their clinical use. With the aim of improving bioavailability and selectiv

Resveratrol attenuates C5a-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting phospholipase D and sphingosine kinase activities.

The anti-inflammatory activity of the phytoalexin resveratrol (RSV) was evaluated in C5 anaphylatoxin (C5a)-stimulated primary neutrophils and in a mouse model of acute peritonitis. Pretreatment of human and mouse neutrophils with RSV significantly blocked oxidative burst, leukocyte migration, degranulation, and inflammatory cytokine production. The anti-inflammatory activity of RSV was a function of inhibition of sphingosine kinase (SphK) activity (IC(50) approximately 20 microM) within 5 min of exposure, its membrane localization, and SphK1-mediated Ca(2+) release. As an experimental control

Beneficial effect of resveratrol on cholecystokinin-induced experimental pancreatitis.

Resveratrol is a phytoalexin with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects reaching high concentrations in red wine. The aim of our study was to test the effects of resveratrol pretreatment on cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8)-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. Animals were divided into a control group, a group treated with CCK-8 and a group receiving 10 mg/kg resveratrol prior to CCK-8 administration. Resveratrol ameliorated the CCK-8-induced changes in the laboratory parameters, and reduced the histological damage in the pancreas. The drug failed to improve the pancreatic antioxid

Variations of intracellular pH in human erythrocytes via K(+)(Na(+))/H(+) exchange under low ionic strength conditions.

The change of intracellular pH of erythrocytes under different experimental conditions was investigated using the pH-sensitive fluorescent dye BCECF and correlated with (ouabain + bumetanide + EGTA)-insensitive K(+) efflux and Cl(-) loss. When human erythrocytes were suspended in a physiological NaCl solution (pH(o) = 7.4), the measured pH(i) was 7.19 + or - 0.04 and remained constant for 30 min. When erythrocytes were transferred into a low ionic strength (LIS) solution, an immediate alkalinization increased the pH(i) to 7.70 + or - 0.15, which was followed by a slower cell acidification. The

Полифенолы и нейродегенеративные заболевания: понимание знаний, механистические свидетельства и новые виды применения в области питания.

Полифенолы представляют собой разнообразную группу биоактивных веществ растительного происхождения, которые были исследованы в качестве многоцелевых возможностей для потенциальной профилактики и лечения нейродегенеративных заболеваний (НДИ). Мы провели комплексный библиометрический и механистический обзор, охватывающий 12 классов полифенола и семь основных НИЗ, с использованием записей из PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Bibrary и Web of Science (1940-2024). Для картирования исследовательских ландшафтов и новых тем использовались ключевые слова, анализы по группам и модели BERTopic. Механистические до

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… They are broadly classified into flavonoids (including flavones, isoflavones, flavonols, flavanols, flavanones, anthocyanidins), phenolic acids (e.g., caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid), stilbenes (e.g., resveratrol), lignans, tannins [ 19 ], and others (e.g., coumarins, anthraquinones). … Across nearly all compound categories, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) shows the largest publication volume, with particularly strong representation for flavones (1578), flavonols (1369), tannins (1275), phenolic acids (1185), and stilbenes (1153). …

(Поли) фенолы и множественный склероз: результаты межсекционного исследования наблюдений.

(Поли) фенолы представляют собой широкий и разнородный класс веществ с рядом потенциальных преимуществ для здоровья. Их роль в нейрозащите и когниции по-прежнему вызывает сомнения. Цель этого исследования заключается в изучении возможной взаимосвязи между общим и индивидуальным (поли)поглощением фенола, основными источниками питания и остротой множественного склероза (МС) в группе пациентов, страдающих НР. Были собраны демографические данные, данные о физической активности участников, данные о курении и рационе питания наряду с клиническими параметрами, включая Расширенный цикл оценки инвалидн

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… There are several subgroups of (poly)phenols, mainly represented by flavonoids and their main groups (i.e., flavonols, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, anthocyanins, and isoflavones) and non-flavonoid molecules (i.e., phenolic acids, resveratrol, other stilbenes, lignans, tyrosols, and tannins) [ 4 , 5 ]. … Mild Multiple Sclerosis, OR (95% CI) * Low Consumption High Consumption Total (poly)phenols 1 1.48 (0.53, 4.16) Flavonoids 1 1.26 (0.46, 3.44) Phenolic acids 1 1.49 (0.52, 4.26) Stilbenes 1 1.93 (0.73, 5.11) Lignans 1 0.57 (0.22, 1.49) Anthocyanins 1 1.54 (0.54, 4.36) Flavonols 1 1.10 (0.39, 3.08) …

Boron Chemicals in Drug Discovery and Development: Synthesis and Medicinal Perspective.

A standard goal of medicinal chemists has been to discover efficient and potent drug candidates with specific enzyme-inhibitor abilities. In this regard, boron-based bioactive compounds have provided amphiphilic properties to facilitate interaction with protein targets. Indeed, the spectrum of boron-based entities as drug candidates against many diseases has grown tremendously since the first clinically tested boron-based drug, Velcade. In this review, we collectively represent the current boron-containing drug candidates, boron-containing retinoids, benzoxaboroles, aminoboronic acid, carboran

A systems-pharmacology analysis of herbal medicines used in health improvement treatment: predicting potential new drugs and targets.

For thousands of years, tonic herbs have been successfully used all around the world to improve health, energy, and vitality. However, their underlying mechanisms of action in molecular/systems levels are still a mystery. In this work, two sets of tonic herbs, so called Qi-enriching herbs (QEH) and Blood-tonifying herbs (BTH) in TCM, were selected to elucidate why they can restore proper balance and harmony inside body, organ and energy system. Firstly, a pattern recognition model based on artificial neural network and discriminant analysis for assessing the molecular difference between QEH an

Resveratrol attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor B.

The objective was to examine the protective effect of resveratrol (RSV) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury and whether the mechanism was related to vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) signaling pathway. Rat hearts were isolated for Langendorff perfusion test and H9c2 cells were used for in vitro assessments. RSV treatment significantly improved left ventricular function, inhibited CK-MB release, and reduced infarct size in comparison with IR group ex vivo. RSV treatment markedly decreased cell death and apoptosis of H9c2 cells during IR. We found that RSV was responsible

Resveratrol-induced cytotoxicity in human Burkitt's lymphoma cells is coupled to the unfolded protein response.

BACKGROUND: Resveratrol (RES), a natural phytoalexin found at high levels in grapes and red wine, has been shown to induce anti-proliferation and apoptosis of human cancer cell lines. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are at present only partially understood. METHOD: The effects of RES on activation of unfolded protein responses (UPR) were evaluated using Western blotting, semi-quantitative and real-time RT-PCR. Cell death was evaluated using Annexin V/PI staining and subsequent FACS. RESULTS: Similar as tunicamycin, treatment with RES lead to the activation of all 3 branches of t

Resveratrol inhibits mTOR signaling by promoting the interaction between mTOR and DEPTOR.

Resveratrol (RSV) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has been found to exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. However, how RSV exerts its beneficial health effects remains largely unknown. Here, we show that RSV inhibits insulin- and leucine-stimulated mTOR signaling in C2C12 fibroblasts via a Sirt1-independent mechanism. Treating C2C12 cells with RSV dramatically inhibited insulin-stimulated Akt, S6 kinase, and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation but had little effect on tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and activation of the p44/42 MAPK signaling pathwa

Resveratrol increases rate of apoptosis caused by purine analogues in malignant lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

In this study, we attempted to assess the interactions of resveratrol, a natural compound present in various plant species, with the purine analogues fludarabine and cladribine in terms of their effects on DNA damage and apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. The experiments were performed ex vivo using short-term cell cultures of blood and bone marrow cells from newly diagnosed untreated patients. We analyzed the expression of active caspase-3 and the BCL-2/BAX ratio as markers of apoptosis and the expression of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) and activated ATM kinase, whi

Membrane potential shifts caused by diffusible guidance signals direct growth-cone turning.

Plasma membrane potentials gate the ion channel conductance that controls external signal-induced neuronal functions. We found that diffusible guidance molecules caused membrane potential shifts that resulted in repulsion or attraction of Xenopus laevis spinal neuron growth cones. The repellents Sema3A and Slit2 caused hyperpolarization, and the attractants netrin-1 and BDNF caused depolarization. Clamping the growth-cone potential at the resting state prevented Sema3A-induced repulsion; depolarizing potentials converted the repulsion to attraction, whereas hyperpolarizing potentials had no ef

Snake venom metalloproteinases, crotarhagin and alborhagin, induce ectodomain shedding of the platelet collagen receptor, glycoprotein VI.

Glycoprotein (GP)VI, that binds collagen, together with GPIb-IX-V which binds vonWillebrand factor, forms an adheso-signalling complex on platelets that initiates thrombus formation in haemostasis and thrombosis. In this study, we show that two snake venom metalloproteinases, crotarhagin and alborhagin, induce ectodomain shedding of GPVI by a mechanism that involves activation of endogenous platelet metalloproteinases. Alborhagin is a viper venom metalloproteinase from Trimeresurus albolabris, while crotarhagin is a previously undescribed toxin from the rattlesnake Crotalus horridus horridus (