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Submaximal exercise coronary artery flow increases in postmenopausal women without coronary artery disease after estrogen and atorvastatin.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of statins and hormone therapy on submaximal exercise-induced coronary artery blood flow in postmenopausal women without a history of coronary artery disease. Hormone therapy or statin therapy in early postmenopausal women without coronary artery disease has been shown to enhance arterial endothelial function; we hypothesized that these agents would improve submaximal exercise-induced coronary artery blood flow. METHODS: Sixty-four postmenopausal women, aged 50 to 65 years without documented coronary artery disease, were randomized

Long-term compliance of continuous combined estrogen and progestogen replacement in postmenopausal women.

The occurrence of uterine bleeding usually associated with hormonal replacement therapy is not acceptable for many women. Our objective was to review data on compliance and bleeding patterns in 70 postmenopausal women on oral replacement with estradiol 2 mg, estriol 1 mg, and norethisterone acetate 1 mg daily administered in a continuous combined fashion to avoid withdrawal bleeding. After 1 year, compliance was 97%, after 5 and 9 years 76% and 58%. The most common reason for discontinuation was spotting. Reproductive history, body weight and pretreatment estradiol and FSH concentrations were

Non-conventional dosing of oral anticancer agents in oncology and malignant haematology: a systematic review protocol.

BackgroundRecent advances in cancer therapeutics have resulted in significantly improved overall survival and progression-free survival for patients. Targeted oral systemic anticancer therapies (SACT) offer a range of treatment approaches that differ from traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy: non-cytotoxic oral SACT target malignant disease continuously, have less broad and more favourable safety profiles, which can improve patients' quality of life (QoL). Toxicities associated with daily oral SACT administration can, however, result in non-adherence and a reduced QoL. Non-conventional dosing of

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… Medroxyprogesterone/ or Medroxyprogesterone Acetate/ 68. Megestrol/ or Megestrol Acetate/ 69. norethisterone.mp. or Norethindrone/ 70. Diethylstilbestrol/ 71. Ethinyl Estradiol/ or ethinylestradiol.mp. 72. Idarubicin/ 73. Methotrexate/ 74. … Medroxyprogesterone/or Medroxyprogesterone Acetate/ 68. Megestrol/or Megestrol Acetate/ 69. norethisterone.mp. or Norethindrone/ 70. Diethylstilbestrol/ 71. Ethinyl Estradiol/or ethinylestradiol.mp. 72. Idarubicin/ 73. Methotrexate/ 74. …

[Effect of acupuncture on the expressions of TNF-α and IFN-γ in patients with premature ovarian failure].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effect of acupuncture and the potential effect mechanism in patients with premature ovarian failure. METHODS: A total of 104 patients with premature ovarian failure were randomized into an acupuncture group and a western medication group, 52 cases in each one. In the western medication group, the conjugated estrogens tablets were prescribed for oral administration, 0.625 mg each time, once a day, consecutively for 21 days. On the 16th day of medication with conjugated estrogens tablets, the oral administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets were supp…

A Case of Organo-Axial Gastric Volvulus Following Laparoscopic Fundoplication: a Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of mortality in women, with an incidence that increases after menopause, hence … ). Progesterone was not administered during the study period and women with intact uteri were given medroxyprogesterone 10 mg daily for 14 days at the completion of the study. RESULTS: After 16 weeks of treatment, both groups had a significant increase in serum oestradiol levels from baseline. The levels of total oestrogen were significantly higher in the E-group co …

Single-dose, subcutaneous recombinant phenylalanine ammonia lyase conjugated with polyethylene glycol in adult patients with phenylketonuria: an open-label, multicentre, phase 1 dose-escalation trial.

BACKGROUND: Phenylketonuria is an inherited disease caused by impaired activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase, the enzyme that converts pheny … self-limited and without sequelae. Two participants had serious adverse reactions to intramuscular medroxyprogesterone acetate, a drug that contains polyethylene glycol as an excipient. Three of five participants given the highest dose of rAvPAL-PEG (0·100 mg/kg) developed a generalised skin rash. By the end of the study, all participants had developed antibodies ag …

Prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

In the beginning, that is from the 1960's, when a link between menopause and osteoporosis was first identified; estrogen treatment was the s … in the 50-60 year age group. Estrogen alone appeared to be safer to use than estrogen+the progestin medroxyprogesterone acetate and actually reduced breast cancer. At the same time other drugs were being developed for bone that belong to the bisphosphonate group and the first generation of compounds showed moderate potency on bone resorption. The second and third gen …

Effects of alendronate combined with hormone replacement therapy on osteoporotic postmenopausal Chinese women.

To evaluate the effect of alendronate combined with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on postmenopausal osteoporotic Chinese women living in Taiwan, we treated 151 women (age range, 47-70 years; mean, 61 years) with conjugated equine estrogen (0.625 mg), medroxyprogesterone 5 mg, and elemental calcium 500 mg daily with either alendronate 10 mg (n = 79) or placebo (n = 72), and measured their bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine and hip every 6 months for 3 years. Urine N-telopeptide of type I collagen corrected by concentration of urine creatinine (NTx/Cr) and serum osteocalcin (OC) …

Knowledge of contraceptive methods and services among tertiary students in far North Queensland.

Despite the availability of a wide range of contraceptive options in Australia, rates of unintended pregnancy remain high. A survey of tertiary students in Far North Queensland in regard to their knowledge of contraceptive methods and services revealed significant deficiencies, suggesting that existing sex education and contraceptive advice services need improving if unplanned pregnancy rates are to be reduced in this population.

Androgen deprivation treatment of sexual behavior.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists are underutilized in patients seeking diminution of problematic sexual drives. This chapter reviews the literature on surgical castration of sex offenders, anti-androgen use and the rationale for providing androgen deprivation therapy, rather than selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or more conservative interventions, for patients with paraphilias and excessive sexual drive. Discussions of informed consent, side effects, contraindications and case examples are provided.

CNR1 may reverse progesterone-resistance of endometrial cancer through the ERK pathway.

Endocrine therapy is a promising treatment for endometrial cancer (EC) that preserves fertility, however, progesterone-resistance is currently the major challenges. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database analysis showed that CNR1 was closely have a negative correlation with overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in endometrial cancer. To explore the role of CNR1 in progesterone resistance and possible molecular regulation mechanism, we established stable progesterone-resistant cell lines (IshikawaPR) via progesterone tolerance of ordinary cancer cells (Ishikawa). The difference

Characterization of the temporal and spatial expression of a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 in the human endometrium and fallopian tube.

Metalloproteinases are thought to mediate shedding of mucins from the endometrium surface, exposing oligosaccharide ligands involved in implantation. We hypothesized that a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is upregulated during the "window of implantation" in human endometrium but not in fallopian tube (FT) where implantation is pathological. Endometrial and FT expression of ADAM17 throughout the menstrual cycle was determined using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The ADAM17 transcription was significantly downregulated (P < .01

Uptake and adherence to long-acting reversible contraception post-abortion.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to increase use of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods by women post-abortion. STUDY DESIGN: Ten-week intervention at a public abortion clinic involving free access to three LARC methods (DMPA, LNG-IUS, Multiload Cu375); posters promoting LARC; updated information for clinic staff. OUTCOME MEASURES: change in the proportion of women choosing LARC prior to and during the intervention; rate of follow-up and method retention at 6 weeks and at 6 months post-abortion. RESULTS: Use of post-abortion LARC increased significantly from 44% at baseline (226

The impact of sex and contraceptive therapy on the plasma and intracellular pharmacokinetics of zidovudine.

OBJECTIVES: Zidovudine remains part of combination antiretroviral therapy. Pharmacological studies rely on quantitation of active triphosphates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This study evaluated the impact of female sex and contraceptive therapy on zidovudine plasma and intracellular pharmacokinetics and the impact of contraceptive therapy on HIV viral load. METHODS: Serial plasma and intracellular zidovudine pharmacokinetics following oral and intravenous dosing were determined in 18 men and 20 women treated with zidovudine. Women could repeat pharmacokinetics assessment following 2

Oral estrogen antagonizes the metabolic actions of growth hormone in growth hormone-deficient women.

We have determined whether oral estrogen reduces the biological effects of growth hormone (GH) in GH-deficient (GHD) women compared with transdermal estrogen treatment. In two separate studies, eight GHD women randomly received either oral or transdermal estrogen for 8 wk before crossing over to the alternate route of administration. The first study assessed the effects of incremental doses of GH (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 IU/day for 1 wk each) on insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels during each estrogen treatment phase. The second study assessed the effects of GH (2 IU/day) on lipid oxidation and

Luteal Phase Stimulation in the Same Cycle Is an Effective Strategy to Rescue POSEIDON Poor Responders with No Embryos after the First Follicular Stimulation.

BACKGROUND: Poor responders may benefit from recruiting a 'second wave' of antral follicles within the same cycle. This concept forms the ba … arted 3 days after the first retrieval, with the same dose of gonadotropin along with a daily 10 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate tablet, followed by a second oocyte retrieval. Blastocysts produced in both the phases were subsequently vitrified. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The paired t-test was used for comparing means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for different p …

Zihuai recipe alleviates cyclophosphamide-induced diminished ovarian reserve via suppressing PI3K/AKT-mediated apoptosis.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Zihuai recipe (ZHR), a Chinese herbal prescription, is widely used for the clinical treatment of Diminished … d DOR groups). Rats in the HRT group received estradiol valerate tablets (0.16 mg/kg/day), and with medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets (0.86 mg/kg/day) added on day 4. After 32 days of treatment, the rats were euthanized and the ovaries were collected for sampling. Ovarian morphology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and the number of follicles was coun …

Effects of hormonal contraceptives on the periodontium, in a population of rural Sri-Lankan women.

AIMS: Women using hormonal contraceptives can be considered to be a 'risk group' for periodontal disease, due to prolonged, sustained serum levels of oestrogens and progesterone. This investigation aims to study the effects of hormonal contraceptives on periodontal tissues. METHODS: 32 women using hormonal contraceptives for less than 2 years, 17 for 2-4 years and a matched control group of 39 non-users were selected for the study. They were clinically examined for plaque levels (plaque index: PLI), gingival condition (gingival index: GI) and loss of periodontal attachment (LA). RESULTS: Con

Granulosa cells apoptosis and follicular fluid hormones: comparison of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation versus GnRH antagonist protocols.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation protocol (PPOS) on mural granulosa cells (GCs) apoptosis and hormonal profiles in follicular fluid (FF) and efficacy over GnRH antagonist (GnRH-A) protocols. METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study from June through August 2017 at a tertiary teaching hospital. 63 Patients meeting our criteria were recruited in this prospective study voluntarily and stratified to PPOS or GnRH-A group randomly. Mural GCs and FF were collected during oocyte retrieval. Apoptosis of GCs was assessed using the Annexin V-affinity assay

Effect of injectable contraceptive use on response to antiretroviral therapy among women in Rakai, Uganda.

BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence on the effect of injectable contraception on response to antiretroviral therapy (ART). DESIGN: Using modified Poisson regression, we assessed data from 418 female Ugandan ART initiators to examine the effect of injectable contraceptive use on a composite virologic failure outcome (defined as failure to achieve virologic suppression, switch to second line therapy, or death within 12 months of ART initiation) and also assessed ART adherence. RESULTS: About 12% of women reported using injectable contraceptives at ART initiation, and their composite virologi