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Sophorolipids as anticancer agents: progress and challenges.

Sophorolipids (SLs) are considered effective biosurfactant for cancer treatment, which can efficiently inhibit the viability of various cancer types including breast, lung, liver, cervical and colon cancers. Their mechanism of action targets apoptosis and operates at the level of caspase enzymes, upregulation and downregulation of the B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-family proteins, and changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability. The binding of SLs to the cancer cell receptors modulates the expression of Bax, APAF1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-x, and triggers the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol which fur

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… Commercialization of SL-based products requires academic innovation, industrial resources and market expertise, leading to successful academia-industry collaborations. … Fundamental research and process optimization come from academia, while industries provide large scale production and regulatory insights. Thus, the partnerships can promote application of SLs in various sectors including healthcare, cosmetic, environmental remediation etc. …

Clinical evaluation and determinants of response to HBI0101 (BCMA CART) therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

AbstractHBI0101 is an academic chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART)-targeted to B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (R/RMM) and light chain amyloidosis. Herein, we present the phase 1b/2 results of 50 heavily pretreated patients with R/RMM dosed with 800 × 106 CART cells. Inclusion criteria were relatively permissive (i.e., performance status and baseline organ function) and consequently, approximately half of the enrolled patients would have been ineligible for pivotal clinical trials. The median time elapsed from patient enrollmen

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… ARI0002h therapy, developed by academia in Spain to facilitate access and administration of CART products, exemplifies the feasibility of such an approach. 14 , 15 HBI0101 is an academic CART therapy targeted to the BCMA molecule. 16 We have recently reported the phase 1a results of the first 20 patients … outperform those of approved bispecific antibodies for MM in a cohort enriched with heavily pretreated and HR patients. 27 , 28 , 29 This observation demonstrates HBI0101 efficacy in a real-world population of patients with myeloma but also highlights the importance of point-of-care CART therapy in academia …

New clinical research strategies in thoracic oncology: clinical trial design, adaptive, basket and umbrella trials, new end-points and new evaluations of response.

In the genomics era, our main goal should be to identify large and meaningful differences in small, molecularly selected groups of patients. Classical phase I, II and III models for drug development require large resources, limiting the number of experimental agents that can be tested and making the evaluation of targeted agents inefficient. There is an urgent need to streamline the development of new compounds, with the aim of identifying "trials designed to learn", which could lead to subsequent "trials designed to conclude". Basket trials are often viewed as parallel phase II trials within

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… In addition, a solid collaboration between academia and industry is required. An example of a successful umbrella trial is the BATTLE (Biomarker-integrated Approaches of Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer Elimination) trial [ 26 ]. … Costs for sequencing are decreasing and are becoming affordable for single investigators [ 74 , 75 ]; however, the prevalence of the identified molecular alterations is so low in most cases that designing clinical trials in these rare populations is extremely challenging for both academia and pharmaceutical …

What outcomes matter in recovery from depression? A pilot study of young adults.

INTRODUCTION: "Positive" outcomes such as flourishing and personal recovery are important predictors of physical health, mental illness, quality of life, and all-cause mortality. However, behavioral health outcome measures often emphasize symptom reduction, while overlooking "positive" outcomes. The objective of this study is to describe (1) the outcomes most important to individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and (2) "positive" outcomes and psychiatric symptoms in a real-world sample of young adults with MDD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-three participants aged 18-35 with a diagnos

The relationships between indomethacine-induced gastric ulcer, ulcer protection by cimetidine and prostacyclin and the cAMP system of the gastric fundic mucosa in the rat.

Gastric ulcer was provoked by indomethacine (20 mg/kg s.c.) in rats. The ulcer protection by prostacyclin and cimetidine as well as the changes of tissue cAMP level in the gastric fundic mucosa--during ulcer-provocation and ulcer protection--were studied. The animals received prostacyclin (125, 250 and 500 micrograms/kg) and cimetidine (2.5 and 50 mg/kg) together with indomethacine. Evaluation of the results was undertaken 4 hours after the administration of the provoking agent. The number and severity of the ulcers as well as the cAMP level of the gastric fundic mucosa were measured. The foll

On the cytoprotective action of sulfhydryl-containing substances.

Sulfhydryl substances (cysteine, glutathione, cysteamine and BAL) provide protection against experimental gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin while being ulcerogenous in stress-ulcer. Experimental data indicate the necessity to distinguish between "real" and "occasional" cytoprotective drugs.

Pharmacologic assessment of the functional state in stenosed coronary circulation of the dog.

In open chest dogs under sodium pentobarbital anaesthesia the interaction of mechanical constriction on a large coronary branch and autoregulatory capacity of the relevant small resistance vessels was analyzed. Coronary blood flow (CBF) was measured with an electromagnetic flowmeter. Step-by-step mechanical constriction gradually abolished adenosine-induced coronary vasodilation, whereas the resting level of mean CBF remained unaltered. At this point verapamil (0.2 mg/kg i.v.), a vasodilator with a strong potency of blocking adenosine action, eventually decreased CBF and increased coronary res

[Epidermoid cyst of the testis].

After a brief review of the literature on the epidermoid cyst of the testicle, the aspects of the disease are discussed. It stressed that castration is an unavoidable part of the treatment of this type of cyst.

Developmental changes in lymphocyte surface markers.

The aim of the study was to establish normal values for TG and TM cells in neonates and small babies who are more susceptible to infections than children and adults. For the same reason, the T- and B-lymphocyte ratios were also determined. The percentage of B- and T-cells in neonates was significantly lower, while their absolute number higher, than the adult value. The percentage of TG cells was significantly higher in neonates than in the other age groups. There was a significant decrease in the ratio of TM cells as compared to adult values. Spontaneous thymidine uptake showed an inverse corr

HLA antigens in bullous epidermolysis, congenital ichthyosis and ectodermal dysplasia.

HLA-ABC antigen typing was carried out in 4 homozygous patients and 10 family members from three families with bullous epidermolysis, 7 homozygous patients and 19 family members of six families with ichthyosis, and 4 homozygous patients and 8 family members of 4 families with ectodermal dysplasia. The type of heredity was established on the basis of genetical evidence and the clinical picture. In bullous epidermolysis cases autosomal recessive heredity was detected in two families with congenital bullous epidermolysis, and autosomal heredity in two families with dystrophic bullous epidermolysi