Результаты поиска

Potential Alternatives to Spinosad as the Killing Agent Mixed With Two Attractant Products in Attract-and-Kill Formulations Used to Manage the Spotted-Wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae).

Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is a key pest of many berry and fruit crops worldwide. The primary method of controlling this pest is the application of insecticides. Attract-and-kill is a management tactic that may reduce the number of insecticide applications needed to manage D. suzukii. ACTTRA SWD OR1 and ACTTRA SWD TD, developed by ISCA Technologies Inc., combine D. suzukii attractants with a gel matrix. Growers add an insecticide as a killing agent. The only USDA National Organic Program approved organic insecticide that has been shown to …

Evaluation of Cyantraniliprole, Spinetoram, and Chromobacterium subtsugae Extract in Bait for Killing and Reducing Oviposition of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae).

Insecticides mixed in sugar-protein baits or insecticides alone have been used to control tephritid fruit flies for many years. Here, effects of cyantraniliprole, spinetoram, and the biopesticide Chromobacterium subtsugae extract in sucrose-yeast extract bait or alone on kill and oviposition of western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), were evaluated in the laboratory. Flies were exposed to dry insecticide bait or insecticide alone in the presence or absence of a nontoxic food strip. Spinetoram alone caused greater mortality than cyantraniliprole alone, wh…

Ацетилхолинэстеразы от болезней векторов Aedes aegypti и Anophels gambiae: Функциональные характеристики и сопоставления с вертебратными ортологами.

Mosquitoes of the Anopheles (An) и Aedes (Ee.) — основные переносчики болезней человека, включая малярию, денге и желтую лихорадку. Борьба с переносчиками на основе инсектицидов является установленным и важным способом предотвращения передачи таких инфекций. Используемые в настоящее время инсектициды могут эффективно контролировать популяцию комаров, однако растет озабоченность в связи с появлением резистентности, нецелевой токсичностью и их способностью изменять экосистемы. Потенциальной целью разработки инсектицидов с уменьшенной нецелевой токсичностью является холинигическая ферментная ацет

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Mosquitoes of the Anopheles (An.) and Aedes (Ae.) genus are principal vectors of human diseases including malaria, dengue and yellow fever. Insecticide-based vector control is an established and important way of preventing transmission of such infections. Currently used insecticides can efficiently control mosquito populations, but there are growing concerns…

Pet Flea and Tick Control Exposure During Pregnancy and Early Life Associated with Decreased Cognitive and Adaptive Behaviors in Children with Developmental Delay and Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Approximately 18% of U.S. children experience cognitive and behavioral challenges, with both genetic and environmental contributors. We examined if household insecticides, particularly those used in and around the home and on pets, are associated with neurodevelopmental changes. Data were from children aged 24-60 months in the CHARGE study with the following classifications: autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 810), developmental delay (DD, n = 192), and typical development (TD, n = 531). Exposure to indoor, outdoor, and pet insecticides was reported for the period from three months pre-concept…

Development of Botanical Pesticides: Exploration on the Phenotype of Vestigial Wings of Insect Pests Induced by Plant Natural Products or Their Derivatives by Blocking Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Insulin Receptor 1.

Unlike faster-acting conventional insecticides, some botanical insecticides exhibit growth inhibitory activity against some insect pests. One of the distinguishing features of growth inhibitory activity appears to be in malformed moths with vestigial wings. However, the molecular mechanism underlying vestigial wings of insect pests induced by plant natural products or their derivatives is still elusive. In this work, based upon the phenotype of the vestigial wings of Mythimna separata Walker (as a model pest) induced by a podophyllotoxin derivative 2a (as a model compound), we found that compo…

Pyrethroid Resistance in the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles funestus is Exacerbated by Overexpression and Overactivity of the P450 CYP6AA1 Across Africa.

Resistance to pyrethroids (the ingredients in bed net insecticides) in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus is threatening recent gains in the fight against malaria. Here, we established the role of an over-expressed P450, A. funestus CYP6AA1 in insecticides resistance. Transcription profiling of CYP6AA1 across Africa using microarray and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that it is significantly more over-expressed in southern African populations compared to West (Benin) and East African (Uganda). Heterologous expression in Escherichia coli…

Major pesticides are more toxic to human cells than their declared active principles.

Pesticides are used throughout the world as mixtures called formulations. They contain adjuvants, which are often kept confidential and are … xiconazole, and prochloraz constitute, respectively, the active principles of 3 major herbicides, 3 insecticides, and 3 fungicides. We measured mitochondrial activities, membrane degradations, and caspases 3/7 activities. Fungicides were the most toxic from concentrations 300-600 times lower than agricultural dilutions, followed by herbicides and then insectic …

Survey of prevalence and control of ectoparasites in caged poultry in China.

To investigate the prevalence and control of ectoparasites in China, 1200 questionnaires were delivered to caged commercial layer or parent … layer keepers and 74.9 per cent of parent hen keepers) used pyrethroids, organophosphates or other insecticides or acaricides to control ectoparasites. However, 34.6 per cent of layer keepers and 25.7 per cent of parent hen keepers did not re-treat their birds with insecticides or acaricides within two weeks after the first treatment. Sanitation procedures, i …

Ferrochelatase inhibition: The upstream molecular target of helioxanthin triggering mitochondrial collapse and larval death in Aedes aegypti.

The widespread use of chemical insecticides has led to resistance and environmental concerns, driving the need for botanical insecticides with novel modes of action. This study identified ferrochelatase as the upstream molecular target of helioxanthin. Inhibition of this enzyme triggered the compound's potent insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, which exhibited an LC50 value of 2.79 mg/L (comparable to rotenone). Beyond mortality, helioxanthin exposure also induced behavioral and growth inhibition. Treatment induced severe mitochondrial ultrastructural damage and dysfunction, in…

Design and activity validation of GABA-gated chloride channels allosteric modulators based on computational biology.

Ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors are the predominant inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the insect nervous system and serve as critical targets for insecticides. Meta-diamide insecticides exert their effects by binding to GABA receptors, inhibiting chloride ion influx, causing insects excited and convulsed, ultimately leading to death. To develop novel insecticides with enhanced bioactivity, this study selected broflanilide as a lead compound and employed scaffold hopping and substituent modification strategies to design and synthesize a series of meta-diamide derivatives …

Management Practices for the Control of Haematobia irritans, Dermatobia hominis, and Cochliomyia hominivorax in Cattle Across Latin America: A Sustainable, Collective Approach.

Bovines are suitable hosts and can be affected by fly infestations. Flies pose a significant threat to cattle livestock in Latin America (LA … relying on insecticidal products. However, decision-making for preventing and treating animals with insecticides varies due to differences in environmental conditions across countries and regions, production systems, animal populations, infestation levels, animal welfare, and the prevalence of myiasis, among other factors. Although insecticides remain the most …

Involvement of esterases in increased resistance to pirimiphos-methyl and bifenthrin in Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus, 1763).

Sitophilus oryzae (L.) is a cosmopolitan pest of stored grains, frequently controlled using organophosphates and pyrethroids. However, the continuous use of these insecticides may lead to resistance development. Thus, this study evaluated the evolution of S. oryzae resistance after three generations (F3) of artificial selection with pirimiphos-methyl and bifenthrin, and the persistence of acquired resistance after three additional generations without exposure (F6) to insecticides. Two experiments were conducted: the Continuous Exposure Bioassay (CEB), with exposure to sublethal doses, and the …

A review of modeling pesticides in freshwaters: Current status, progress achieved and desirable improvements.

This study comprises a critical review of modeling of pesticides in surface waters. The aim was to update the status of the use of models to simulate the fate of pesticides from diffuse sources. ISI papers were selected on Scopus and the information concerning the study areas, type of pesticides (herbicides, fungicides and insecticides), the model, and the methodology adopted (i.e., calibration and/or validation, spatial and temporal scales) were analyzed. The studies were carried out in Europe (55.5%), North America (22.3%), Asia (13.9%) and South America (8.3%). The Soil and Water Assessment…

Indirect Effect of Pesticides on Insects and Other Arthropods.

Pesticides released to the environment can indirectly affect target and non-target species in ways that are often contrary to their intended use. Such indirect effects are mediated through direct impacts on other species or the physical environment and depend on ecological mechanisms and species interactions. Typical mechanisms are the release of herbivores from predation and release from competition among species with similar niches. Application of insecticides to agriculture often results in subsequent pest outbreaks due to the elimination of natural enemies. The loss of floristic diversity …

Synergic effect of a quinuclidine benzamide complexed with borane, the LMA10233, in combination with seven pesticides.

Some quinuclidine benzamide compounds have been found to modulate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in both mammals and insects. In particul … trations of over 10 μg/ml. We assessed the ability of LMA10233 to enhance the toxicity of different insecticides. When a sublethal concentration of LMA10233 was combined with the LC10 of each compound, we found a strong increase in toxicity at 24 h and 48 h of exposure for clothianidin, fipronil and chlorpyrifos, and only at 24 h for imidacloprid, acetamiprid …

Spatial and Seasonal Distributions of Current Use Pesticides (CUPs) in the Atmospheric Particulate Phase in the Great Lakes Region.

The authors analyzed spatial and seasonal variations of current use pesticides (CUPs) levels in the atmospheric particulate phase in the Great Lakes basin. Twenty-four hour air samples were collected at six sites (two urban, two rural, and two remote) in 2015. The concentrations of 15 CUPs, including nine pyrethroid insecticides, four herbicides, one organophosphate insecticide, and one fungicide, were measured. The total CUPs concentrations were higher at the urban sites (0.38-1760 pg/m3) than at the rural and remote sites (0.07-530 pg/m3). The most abundant CUPs were pyrethroid insecticides …

Multiresidue determination of pesticides in sediment by ultrasonically assisted extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

A gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GS/MS) method was developed for the multiple determination of pesticides in sediment. The investigated pesticides included 85 compounds, i.e., 13 fungicides, 43 herbicides, and 29 insecticides. The pesticides were extracted from sediment samples by an ultrasonically assisted procedure. The extract was cleaned up by using reversed-phase column chromatography followed by normal-phase column chromatography. A styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer cartridge and a silica gel cartridge were used as the reversed-phase column and the normal-phase column, respective…

The significance of entry routes as point and non-point sources of pesticides in small streams.

In an agricultural catchment area in Germany we analyzed water samples from five entry routes for 2 insecticides. 5 fungicides and 13 herbicides. The sewage plant outlet and the emergency overflow of a sewage sewer contained only herbicides. In each farmyard runoff we found on average 24 g pesticides during application period, presumably caused by cleaning the spraying equipment. In comparison, the field runoff and the rainwater sewer contained less load, but also insecticides, fungicides and herbicides. The sewage plant caused 65.9% of the total herbicide load, the sewage sewer 19.8% and the …

Discovery of natural product-derived pesticide candidates: synthesis, aphicidal activity, and toxicological evaluation of andrographolide derivatives.

BACKGROUND: To address pest resistance, environmental concerns, and non-target toxicity associated with conventional pesticides, the natural product andrographolide was structurally optimized for the development of eco-friendly insecticides. RESULTS: A series of andrographolide derivatives were designed and synthesized, among which compound 9i exhibited the strongest insecticidal activity against Myzus persicae Sulzer, with an LC50 value of 0.1248 mg mL-1, representing a 16-fold enhancement over the parent compound. In greenhouse pot experiments, 9i achieved a control efficacy 4.7 times great…

Status of pyrethroid resistance in Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linneaus) from dengue hotspots in Klang Valley, Malaysia.

The continued absence of an effective and safe tetravalent dengue vaccine and the lack of specific anti-viral treatment have made mosquito vector control using chemical insecticides as the mainstream for dengue prevention and control. However, the long-term use of chemical insecticides may induce resistance. Hence detection of insecticide resistance in dengue vectors is crucially important in ensuring the insecticide-based intervention in dengue control program is still effective and reliable. In this study, the susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti from five selected dengue hotspots in Klang…