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Knowledge on ethnogynaecology of Indian Tribes- a comprehensive review.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ethnogynaecology is an emerging branch of science dealing with the treatment of gynaecological ailments by t … in, Indicine, kaempferol, apigenin and quercetin effected therapeutic activity against leucorrhoea. Lignin, friedelin and beta-sitosterol are reported with abortifacient properties and therapeutic ability for leucorrhoea and menorrhagia. Tannins, mimusopsic acids, taraxerol and spinaserol effected fertility problems in women and tannins, saponins, flavon …

Virtual Screening and Molecular Docking to Study the Mechanism of Chinese Medicines in the Treatment of Coronavirus Infection.

BACKGROUND Heat-clearing and detoxifying herbs (HDHs) play an important role in the prevention and treatment of coronavirus infection. However, their mechanism of action needs further study. This study aimed to explore the anti-coronavirus basis and mechanism of HDHs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Database mining was performed on 7 HDHs. Core ingredients and targets were screened according to ADME rules combined with Neighborhood, Co-occurrence, Co-expression, and other algorithms. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses were performed using the R language. Finally, high-throughput molecular docking wa

A review on gold nanoparticles as an innovative therapeutic cue in bone tissue engineering: Prospects and future clinical applications.

Bone damage is a complex orthopedic problem primarily caused by trauma, cancer, or bacterial infection of bone tissue. Clinical care management for bone damage remains a significant clinical challenge and there is a growing need for more advanced bone therapy options. Nanotechnology has been widely explored in the field of orthopedic therapy for the treatment of a severe bone disease. Among nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) along with other biomaterials are emerging as a new paradigm for treatment with excellent potential for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine application

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… Sustainable lignin and lignin-derived compounds as potential therapeutic agents for degenerative orthopaedic diseases: a systemic review Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 212 2022 547 560 35643155 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.152 7 Zhang K. Wang S. Zhou C. Cheng L. Gao X. Xie X. Sun J. Wang H. Weir M.D. …

The Protective Effects of Sesamin against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity through Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory-Cytokines and Apoptosis in Rats.

Cyclophosphamide is an anticancer drug with a wide spectrum of clinical uses, but its typical side effects are multiple complications, including nephron toxicity. The possible molecular mechanism of the nephroprotective action of sesamin (SM) against cyclophosphamide (CP) induced renal toxicity was investigated in rats by understanding oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. In this study, rats were arbitrarily grouped into the following four groups: a normal control group (CNT); a CP-induced toxicity group; a treatment group with two doses of sesamin SM10 and SM20; a group with sesamin (

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… Sesamin is a major lignin that is absorbed proficiently and circulated throughout the body. …

Stage-specific treatment of colorectal cancer: A microRNA-nanocomposite approach.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the leading causes of cancer mortality. The lifetime risk of developing CRC is about 5% in adult males and females. CRC is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, and at this point therapy has a limited impact on cure rates and long-term survival. Novel and/or improved CRC therapeutic options are needed. The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer development has been reported, and their regulation in many oncogenic pathways suggests their potent tumor suppressor action. Although miRNAs provide a promising therapeutic approach for cancer, challenges such as

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… An independent study demonstrated the feasibility of a hybrid nanocarrier composed of lignin (AL) and Fe 3 O 4 magnetic (AL/RES/Fe 3 O 4 ) NPs for the delivery of RES in murine Lewis lung carcinoma xenografts. …

Research progress of novel anti-tumor drug formulations.

Cancers have become the second leading cause of death worldwide, following cardiovascular diseases.Traditional anti- cancer strategies, including radiotherapy chemotherapy, surgery, and targeted therapies, have been widely used but are often reassessed due to their significant side effects and relatively low cure rate. Recently, the development of novel formulations for anti-tumor drugs has gained considerable attention, marking a pivotal step forward in cancer treatment advancements. These innovative formulations aim to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anti-tumor drugs by employing advance

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… Research progress in lignin-based slow/controlled release fertilizer . ChemSusChem . ( 2020 ) 13 : 4356–66 . doi: 10.1002/cssc.202000455 32291938 53 Ashrafizadeh M Zarrabi A Bigham A Taheriazam A Saghari Y Mirzaei S . …

Улучшить долгосрочные механические свойства термопластических короткокалорийных соединений с использованием альтернативных матриц.

Древесные пластиковые композитные материалы (ВКН) обеспечивают средства для уменьшения углеродного следа за счет использования натуральных волокон для повышения механических свойств. Однако имеется ограниченная информация о механических свойствах этих материалов во враждебных условиях. В этом исследовании была проведена оценка составов полипропилена (PP), полистирола (PS) и полилактической кислоты (PLA), обработанных путем экструдирования и инъекции. Были проведены испытания на прочность и модулю прочности на растяжение и флексур, температуру смещения тепла (HDT) и на анализ ползучести при раз

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… Currently, it is possible to produce polyolefins, such as polyethylene (PE) [ 18 ] and polypropylene (PP) [ 19 ], derived from bioethanol, polystyrene from lignin [ 20 ], polyesters such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) [ 21 ] from microorganisms, and polylactic acid (PLA) from starch sources [ 22 ]. … Lignocellulose Nanofiber/Polylactic Acid (LCNF/PLA) Composite with Internal Lignin for Enhanced Performance as 3D Printable Filament. Ind. Crops Prod. 2022;178:114590. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114590. 100. Dominguez-Candela I., Gomez-Caturla J., Cardona S.C., Lora-García J., Fombuena V. …

Perspective Applications and Associated Challenges of Using Nanocellulose in Treating Bone-Related Diseases.

Bone serves to maintain the shape of the human body due to its hard and solid nature. A loss or weakening of bone tissues, such as in case of traumatic injury, diseases (e.g., osteosarcoma), or old age, adversely affects the individuals quality of life. Although bone has the innate ability to remodel and regenerate in case of small damage or a crack, a loss of a large volume of bone in case of a traumatic injury requires the restoration of bone function by adopting different biophysical approaches and chemotherapies as well as a surgical reconstruction. Compared to the biophysical and chemothe

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… BNC is chemically similar to plant-derived cellulose; nevertheless, it represents the purest form of cellulose, as unlike plant cellulose, it does not contain hemicellulose, lignin, and other minerals ( Bacakova et al., 2019 ; Ul-Islam et al., 2019a ). … Challenges Challenges Associated With Nanocellulose Production and Purification Nanocellulose from plants and algae is not pure and contains impurities like unwanted toxic heavy metals, glucan, endotoxins, lignin, alkaloids, hemicelluloses, and pectin. …

The Most Competent Plant-Derived Natural Products for Targeting Apoptosis in Cancer Therapy.

Cancer is a challenging problem for the global health community, and its increasing burden necessitates seeking novel and alternative therapies. Most cancers share six basic characteristics known as "cancer hallmarks", including uncontrolled proliferation, refractoriness to proliferation blockers, escaping apoptosis, unlimited proliferation, enhanced angiogenesis, and metastatic spread. Apoptosis, as one of the best-known programmed cell death processes, is generally promoted through two signaling pathways, including the intrinsic and extrinsic cascades. These pathways comprise several compone

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… cFLIP | Morusin | IC 50 = 6.1 µM | HT-29 | Increased: Smac/DIABLO; cytochrome C release; activation of caspase-3, -9, and -8 Decreased: XIAP; MMP | Wogonin | IC 50 = 75 µM | U-2OS | Increased: Bax; Bad; cytochrome C release; activation of caspase-3, -4, -9, and -8; AIF; Endo G; Fas Decreased: NR Lignin … Arctigenin, bioactive lignin isolated from some plants, triggers apoptosis in HepG2 and SMMC7721 hepatocarcinoma cells. …

Polyphenols as Antitumor Agents Targeting Key Players in Cancer-Driving Signaling Pathways.

Polyphenols constitute an important group of natural products that are traditionally associated with a wide range of bioactivities. These are usually found in low concentrations in natural products and are now available in nutraceuticals or dietary supplements. A group of polyphenols that include apigenin, quercetin, curcumin, resveratrol, EGCG, and kaempferol have been shown to regulate signaling pathways that are central for cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Here, we describe novel mechanistic insights on the effect of this group of polyphenols on key elements of the signaling

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… For shikimic acid derivatives, phenylpropanoid units serve as the basis for multiple types of polyphenols, such as cinnamic (C6–C3), benzoic acids (C6–C1), flavonoids (C6–C3–C6), proanthocyanidins [(C6–C3–C6)n], stilbenoids (C6–C2–C6), and lignins [(C6–C3)n] ( Figure 1 ) ( Pereira et al., 2009 ; Cirkovic-Velickovic … Cinnamic acids work as phytohormones, which are important components of lignin and the precursors of chalcones, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and stilbenes ( El-Seedi et al., 2012 ). …

Shaping the Innate Immune Response by Dietary Glucans: Any Role in the Control of Cancer?

β-glucans represent a heterogeneous group of naturally occurring and biologically active polysaccharides found in many kinds of edible mushrooms, baker's yeast, cereals and seaweeds, whose health-promoting effects have been known since ancient times. These compounds can be taken orally as food supplements or as part of daily diets, and are safe to use, nonimmunogenic and well tolerated. A main feature of β-glucans is their capacity to function as biological response modifiers, exerting regulatory effects on inflammation and shaping the effector functions of different innate and adaptive immuni

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… All existing definitions recognize fibers as a group of carbohydrate polymers and oligomers (and lignin) that are resistant to digestion and absorption in the human small intestine where they are, partially or completely, fermented by the gut microbiota. …

Узкие полифенолы в питании свиноматок: обновление.

Окисляющий стресс является потенциально критическим фактором, влияющим на производительность гектарирующих и кормящих свиней. Полифенолы представляют собой большой класс вторичных метаболитов растений, обладающих мощными антиоксидантами. Все полифенолы структурно характеризуются ароматическими кольцами с множеством гидроксилов водорода; они делают полифенолы идеальными атомами водорода и электронными донорами для нейтрализации свободных радикалов и других реактивных видов кислорода. В течение последнего десятилетия все большее внимание уделялось полифенолам в качестве функциональных кормовых д

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… Polyphenols are the fourth major ingredient in plants, and the polyphenol content is second only to those of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in plants ( Durazzo et al., 2019 ). They are widely distributed in the bark, roots, wood, leaves, and fruits of plants ( Durazzo et al., 2019 ). …

Dietary Polyphenols and Their Biological Significance

Dietary polyphenols represent a wide variety of compounds that occur in fruits, vegetables, wine, tea, extra virgin olive oil, chocolate and other cocoa products. They are mostly derivatives and/or isomers of flavones, isoflavones, flavonols, catechins and phenolic acids, and possess diverse biological properties such as antioxidant, antiapoptosis, anti-aging, anticarcinogen, anti-inflammation, anti-atherosclerosis, cardiovascular protection, improvement of the endothelial function, as well as inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation activity. Most of these biological actions have bee

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… hydroxybenzoic acids such as gallic acid and from hydroxycinnamic acid, containing caffeic, ferulic, and coumaric acid; (2) the large flavonoid subclass, which includes the flavonols, flavones, isoflavones, flavanones, anthocyanidins, and flavanols; (3) the stilbenes; and (4) the lignans and the polymeric lignins …

Биологическая роль мономеров традиционной китайской медицины в нейронных расстройствах.

Традиционная китайская медицина (TCM) является биоактивным соединением, извлекаемым из китайских травяных лекарственных препаратов, обладающих определенной биологической активностью и фармакологическими последствиями, и привлекла большое внимание к лечению нейронных заболеваний. Однако применение мономеров ТХМ ограничено их низкой растворимостью и низкой способностью пересекать барьер кровеносного мозга (ББД). Экзосомы представляют собой небольшие внеклеточные везикли (ЭМ) диаметром от 30 до 150 нм и могут использоваться в качестве носителей наркотиков, которые непосредственно предназначены дл

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… The composition of TCMs is complex and generally comprise a large number of active ingredients with different chemical structures, physicochemical properties, concentrations, and pharmaceutical and/or toxic activities, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, lignins, phenols, terpenoids, amino acid derivatives …

Current Perspectives of the Applications of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Cancer Therapy.

The development of anticancer therapies that involve natural drugs has undergone exponential growth in recent years. Among the natural compounds that produce beneficial effects on human health, polyphenols have shown potential therapeutic applications in cancer due to their protective functions in plants, their use as food additives, and their excellent antioxidant properties. The possibility of combining conventional drugs-which are usually more aggressive than natural compounds-with polyphenols offers very valuable advantages such as the building of more efficient anticancer therapies with l

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… Nonetheless, etoposide is a commercial lignin belonging to the podophilotoxin subfamily that is used in the treatment of different types of cancer such as lung cancer and breast cancer [ 40 , 41 ]. …

Therapeutic Potential of Chlorogenic Acid in Chemoresistance and Chemoprotection in Cancer Treatment.

Chemotherapeutic drugs are indispensable in cancer treatment, but their effectiveness is often lessened because of non-selective toxicity to healthy tissues, which triggers inflammatory pathways that are harmful to vital organs. In addition, tumors' resistance to drugs causes failures in treatment. Chlorogenic acid (5-caffeoylquinic acid, CGA), found in plants and vegetables, is promising in anticancer mechanisms. In vitro and animal studies have indicated that CGA can overcome resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics and alleviate chemotherapy-induced toxicity by scavenging free radicals

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… Early lignin pathway enzymes and routes to chlorogenic acid in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Plant Mol. Biol. 2014;84:565–576. doi: 10.1007/s11103-013-0152-y. 63. Valiñas M.A., Lanteri M.L., ten Have A., Andreu A.B. …

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Algae-Derived Compounds in Hematological Malignancies.

Algae are a rich source of bioactive compounds that have a wide range of beneficial effects on human health and can show significant potential in the treatment of hematological malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. These diseases often pose a therapeutic challenge despite recent advances in treatment (e.g., the use of immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, CD38 monoclonal antibodies, stem cell transplant, and targeted therapy). A considerable number of patients experience relapses or resistance to the applied therapies. Algal compounds, alone or in combination

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… The main functions of polysaccharides in algal cells are energy storage (e.g., carrageenan, glucan, agar, or fucoidan) and structural components (e.g., lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose) [ 25 ]. …

Medicinal Mushrooms: Bioactive Compounds, Use, and Clinical Trials.

Medicinal mushrooms have important health benefits and exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antiallergic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiviral, cytotoxic, immunomodulating, antidepressive, antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic, digestive, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, osteoprotective, and hypotensive activities. The growing interest in mycotherapy requires a strong commitment from the scientific community to expand clinical trials and to propose supplements of safe origin and genetic purity. Bioactive compounds of

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… About 400 bioactive compounds have been isolated from the mycelium, fruiting bodies, and spores of this mushroom, including polysaccharides, triterpenes, ganoderic acids, phenols, amino acids, lignin, vitamins, nucleosides, nucleotides, sterols, steroids, proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, and inorganic …

Connection between nutrition and oncology in dogs and cats: perspectives, evidence, and implications-a comprehensive review.

Oncology has become one of the most influential and studied areas in both human and companion animal health. In veterinary practice, cancer represents a significant challenge, especially concerning cats and dogs. Nutrition plays a crucial role in the management of oncology patients in veterinary medicine; however, is often nonspecific and reliant on data from other species and diseases, highlighting the need for a comprehensive review of the latest developments in this field. Since the intricate relationship between nutrition and cancer encompasses various aspects, this review therefore intend

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… Lignin, cellulose, and some hemicelluloses are insoluble fibers ( 204 ). Since dietary fibers are not absorbed, their effects would be associated directly in the intestine and indirectly in the overall system by the action of their fermentation products. …

Polyphenols: Chemoprevention and therapeutic potentials in hematological malignancies.

Polyphenols are one of the largest plant-derived natural product and they play an important role in plants' defense as well as in human health and disease. A number of them are pleiotropic molecules and have been shown to regulate signaling pathways, immune response and cell growth and proliferation which all play a role in cancer development. Hematological malignancies on the other hand, are cancers of the blood. While current therapies are efficacious, they are usually expensive and with unwanted side effects. Thus, the search for newer less toxic agents. Polyphenols have been reported to po

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… Hydroxycinnamic acids share a similar pathway of production with the likes of lignins, 89 coumarins, lignans, stilbenes, chalcones, anthocyanins and flavonoids ( 77 ). They are well-distributed in most plants including many species that are consumed as food or processed into beverages. …