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Putative azithromycin resistance mutations in Chlamydia trachomatis are globally distributed but arose before azithromycin was discovered.

Azithromycin is widely used to treat Chlamydia trachomatis infections, yet the extent of resistance to the drug across the species has not been addressed. We surveyed mutations and substitutions linked to putative azithromycin resistance across 1,349 high-quality C. trachomatis genomes. Mutations in the rplV gene encoding three non-synonymous substitutions, compared with the canonical C. trachomatis reference strain D//TW-3/Cx sequence, were found to be common but largely conserved within phylogenetic lineages causing prevalent urogenital and anorectal infections and lymphogranuloma venereum. …

Screening a library of antibacterial compounds leads to discovery of novel inhibitors for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis.

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were the most common bacteria causing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in 2020, with 211 million cases worldwide. Despite the fact that the co-infections of N. gonorrhoeae with C. trachomatis are common, there is no single treatment effective against both pathogens. Ceftriaxone, the current recommended drug for gonococcal infections, is not effective against C. trachomatis. Additionally, N. gonorrhoeae has developed resistance against the drugs recommended for treating chlamydial infections. Therefore, new drugs capable of treating C. trach…

Clinical Analysis of Gonorrhea Coinfection With Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma hominis in Southern China.

This retrospective study investigated coinfection with Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and Mycoplasma hominis (MH) among patients with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) in southern China to support clinical diagnosis and treatment. A total of 1,138 specimens from patients with gonorrhea were tested for UU, CT, MH, and other pathogens using culture methods, electrochemiluminescence, and fluorescence quantitative PCR. Among the 1,138 patients with NG, 526 (46.2%) were coinfected with at least one additional pathogen. The most frequent coinfection patterns involving UU, CT, or M…

Chlamydia trachomatis serovar D replicates in uroepithelial T24/83 cells in the absence of overt inflammation.

The human uroepithelial bladder cancer cell line T24/83 replicates C. trachomatis serovar D efficiently. We show here that the infection with the pathogen induces significant transcription of cytokine genes such as il1β, il6 and tnf but not their secretion. Infected HeLa cells also do not release these cytokines with the exception of IL-6. In contrast, endotoxin, transfected polyI: C or infection with the uropathogenic E. coli strain CFT073 induce a robust pro-inflammatory response in T24/83 cells. These findings indicate that the cells recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns includin

Maternal-fetal transfer and longitudinal trends of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium in early childhood.

INTRODUCTION: Sexually transmitted infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium can have significant implications during early childhood. This study aimed to assess maternal antibodies to C. trachomatis and M. genitalium in newborns, their vanishing, and offspring's own seroconversion to these pathogens during the first 3 years of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Altogether, 309 mother-neonate pairs originally enrolled in the prospective Finnish Family HPV (FFHPV) cohort study at Turku University Hospital, Finland, were analyzed for serum IgG antibodies to plasmid protein g…

Prevalence of genital and anorectal chlamydia trachomatis in Kenya by risk groups: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in Kenya is not well understood. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of CT prevalence using PubMed, Embase, and Kenyan databases (Jan 2000-June 2024). Included studies had laboratory-confirmed CT and were peer-reviewed. Populations were categorized by sex/gender and STI vulnerability. A random-effects model was used to account for heterogeneity. Of 198 records, 51 studies (32,559 participants) were included. CT prevalence was reported for 18 studies on males, 36 on females, and four on the general population. Pooled prevalence was 5…

Molecular Characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Its Impact on Sperm Characteristics of Moroccan Infertile Men.

Background/Objectives: Infections of the urogenital tract have experienced renewed interest in recent years, due to their frequency and also their impact on sperm parameters and the fertilizing quality of spermatozoa. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) represents an intracellular microorganism responsible for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in men and women. A reliable method of diagnosing this infection is therefore necessary because of the rapid onset of infection and the increase in STI-related diseases and their treatment costs. Methods: We analyzed 2371 semen samples from infertile men and…

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma spp., Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium in patients with sterile pyuria.

INTRODUCTION: Sterile pyuria poses a diagnostic challenge due to varied aetiologies. Atypical pathogens including Chlamydia trachomatis and genital mycoplasmas are considered etiological agents but are under-reported, especially in resource-limited settings. This study determined the prevalence of these atypical pathogens in sterile pyuria patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This 4-year prospective observational study screened 640 adults admitted to Medicine wards of a tertiary care hospital for sterile pyuria, defined as urine microscopy showing >10 WBCs/HPF with no bacterial growth on culture.…

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Among Adolescents and Adults With Behavioral Vulnerability in Western Kenya.

BACKGROUND: Kenyan guidelines recommend syndromic management for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which may miss many infections. We used nucleic acid amplification testing to screen for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) at 3 anatomic sites among adolescents and adults with behavioral risk factors in Western Kenya. METHODS: From December 2021 to April 2023, we enrolled participants without HIV who were aged 14 to 55 years and reported a recent history of an STI, transactional sex, condomless sex with multiple partners, injection drug use, and/or anal sex with ma…

Deciphering the Puzzle: Literature Insights on Chlamydia trachomatis-Mediated Tumorigenesis, Paving the Way for Future Research.

Some infectious agents have the potential to cause specific modifications in the cellular microenvironment that could be propitious to the carcinogenesis process. Currently, there are specific viruses and bacteria, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and Helicobacter pylori, that are well established as risk factors for neoplasia. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections are one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections worldwide, and recent European data confirmed a continuous rise across Europe. The infection is often asymptomatic in both sexes, requiring a screening program f…

Comparison of the urinary microbiome in men who have sex with men with and without Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

PURPOSE: The urinary tract is colonized by microbial communities that impact urinary health. Previous studies have suggested that the bacterial composition of the male urinary microbiota is related to STIs. This study assessed the bacterial composition of the urinary microbiome in South African MSM with and without C. trachomatis. METHODS: This study used urine samples from MSM attending care at the King Edward VIII hospital and the Aurum Institute in Durban, South Africa. A total of 200 samples were tested for C. trachomatis infection using the Applied Biosystems™ TaqMan® Assays. Urinary mic

No impact of a positive Chlamydia trachomatis serology on live-birth rate after intra-uterine insemination.

OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of a CT serology on intrauterine insemination (IUI) cumulative live-birth rate (cLBR) in women with documented bilateral tubal patency. DESIGN: Cohort study SUBJECTS: Infertile women with documented bilateral tubal patency and medical indication of IUI matched on the following criteria: woman's age, number of cycles completed and number of motile sperm inseminated (NMSI). EXPOSURE: This retrospective, observational and monocentric cohort study compared women with positive CT serology matched 1:1 to control women with negative CT serology. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma parvum and Mycoplasma genitalium in Infertile Couples and the Effect on Semen Parameters.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma parvum, and Mycoplasma genitalium are common sexually transmitted microorganisms. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis, U. parvum, and M. genitalium in infertile and fertile couples and the effect of these microorganisms on semen parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this case-control study, samples were collected from 50 infertile couples and 50 fertile couples and were subjected to the routine semen analysis and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: C. trachomatis and U. parvum were detected in 5 (10%) and 6 (12%) o…

Novel use of graphene oxide quantum dots in a pickering emulsion as a Chlamydia trachomatis vaccine adjuvant.

Graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs), which are graphene-based nanoparticles, are potential surfactant substitutes for stabilizing Pickering emulsions, due to their high surface area, biodegradability, and reasonable biocompatibility. In the present study, GOQDs stabilized Pickering emulsion (GQPE) was prepared by simple sonication and then used as an adjuvant to enhance immune responses to the Chlamydia trachomatis Pgp3 recombinant vaccine. Immunization of mice showed that GQPE robustly activates adaptive immunity by efficiently stimulating IgG, sIgA, IFN-γ, IL-4, and TNF-α production. Control…

Оценка трех составов на основе полиморфного мембранного белка D у мышей, инфицированных хламидией трахомати.

Существенное воздействие хламидио-трахоматисов (Ct) во всем мире подчеркивает необходимость разработки профилактической вакцины, которая обеспечивает эффективный иммунитет и защищает хозяина от иммунопатологических последствий инфекции Кт. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить вакцину на основе фрагмента полиморфного мембранного белка D (PFmpD) C. trachomatis в качестве иммуногена с использованием гетерологической стратегии увеличения первичного протеина ДНК у женских мышей. Эти три кандидата привели к увеличению числа цервиковагинальных и системных тирентов антиплюсов против R

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The significant impact of Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct) infections worldwide highlights the need to develop a prophylactic vaccine that elicits effective immunity and protects the host from the immunopathological effects of Ct infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate a vaccine based on a fragment of the Polymorphic membrane protein D (FPmpD) of C. tracho…

A Narrative Review on Spontaneous Clearance of Urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis: Host, Microbiome, and Pathogen-Related Factors.

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most commonly reported sexually transmitted infection in the United States. Untreated urogenital infection in women can result in adverse sequelae such as pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. Despite national screening and treatment guidelines, rates continue to rise; because most infections are asymptomatic, the actual prevalence of CT infection is likely significantly higher than reported. Spontaneous clearance of CT in women (in the absence of antibiotic treatment) has been described in multiple epidemiologic studies. Given the serious consequences …

Rectal shedding of monkeypox virus in a patient coinfected with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Infection by the monkeypox virus classically causes a cutaneous rash that is preceded by fever and lymph node swelling, as well … monkeypox virus proctitis that recurred after treatment for a documented Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis coinfection, likely acquired at the same time. The proctitis was preceded by fever and a swollen inguinal lymph node, and was associated with a hemorrhoid. The monkeypox virus polymerase chain reaction of a rectal swab documented high viral loads, a …

Whole Genome Sequencing of a Chlamydia trachomatis Strain Responsible for a Case of Rectal Lymphogranuloma Venereum in Italy.

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a systemic sexually transmitted infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis serovars L1 to L3. The current LGV cases in Europe are mainly characterized by an anorectal syndrome, spreading within men who have sex with men (MSM). Whole-genome sequencing of LGV strains is crucial to the study of bacterial genomic variants and to improve strategies for contact tracing and prevention. In this study, we described the whole genome of a C. trachomatis strain (LGV/17) responsible for a case of rectal LGV. LGV/17 strain was isolated in 2017 in Bologna (North of Italy) fro…