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Statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in people with HIV: target trial and modelling study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and benefit-harm balance of various statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with HIV. DESIGN: Target trial and modelling study. SETTING: North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD), 1995 to 2019. NA-ACCORD integrates individual level data from >20 HIV cohorts across the US and Canada from people with HIV who have successfully linked into care. PARTICIPANTS: 157 699 people with HIV enrolled in one of the cohorts of NA-ACCORD. 54 165 eligible individuals, aged 40-75 years, were enrolled in

Seasonal variation in occurrence of pulmonary embolism: analysis of the database of the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy.

Seasonal variation in the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, including pulmonary embolism (PE), has been reported; how … hi(2)=75.75, p<0.001). Similar results were obtained for subgroups formed by gender, age, fatal/non-fatal outcome, presence/absence of major underlying co-morbid conditions, and specific risk factors. Inferential chronobiological analysis identified a significant annual pattern in PE, with the peak between November and December for the total sample of cases (p< …

Transcriptome Profiles Characteristics of the Peripheral Immune in Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome.

PURPOSE: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an acute viral infection disease with a high mortality, but there are no spec … of deceased patients. In addition, WGCNA further showed a significant positive correlation between fatal outcomes and B cell and immunoglobulin mediated immune function modules, as well as a significant negative correlation with coagulation function modules. CONCLUSION: Overall, our research findings systematically observed potential immune mechanisms underly …

Prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy in stable coronary disease: comparative observational study of benefits and harms in unselected versus trial populations.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the potential magnitude in unselected patients of the benefits and harms of prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy after acute myocardial infarction seen in selected patients with high risk characteristics in trials. DESIGN: Observational population based cohort study. SETTING: PEGASUS-TIMI-54 trial population and CALIBER (ClinicAl research using LInked Bespoke studies and Electronic health Records). PARTICIPANTS: 7238 patients who survived a year or more after acute myocardial infarction. INTERVENTIONS: Prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy after acute myocardial infarct

Transcriptomic biomarker pathways associated with death in HIV-infected patients with cryptococcal meningitis.

BACKGROUND: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a major cause of death in HIV-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa. Many CM patients experien … like receptor/inflammasome pathways, and inflammation-induced oxidative stress, are associated with fatal outcomes. The results of this study provide insight into the molecular drivers of death and fatal C-IRIS to inform future diagnostic test development or guide targeted treatments.

Risk factors for non-fatal myocardial infarction and cardiac death in incident dialysis patients.

BACKGROUND: The risks of major cardiac events in patients initiating long-term dialysis related to prior coronary disease and various other factors are not well known. METHODS: We used United States Renal Data System data to analyse the outcomes of non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiac death in incident dialysis patients from years 1997 through 2001 (n = 214 890). The presence of established coronary artery disease was determined from the Medical Evidence form, non-fatal MI events were determined from Medicare claims' data and cause of death was determined from the Death Notificati

Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Posthemorrhagic Ventricular Dilation: Current Approaches to Improve Outcomes.

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a potentially fatal viral disease. In this study, the aim was to investigate the prognostic factors affecting the patient's survival and risk factors to fatality. At Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, a tertiary referral centre near the CCHF epidemic region, patients with typical clinical findings and indicative microbiological results for IgM and/or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of CCHF virus were enrolled in the study, from 2004 to 2007. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to their survival outcomes; group

A 5-year review of maternal mortality associated with eclampsia in a tertiary institution in northern Nigeria.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of maternal mortality associated with eclampsia and to determine how socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the women influence the deaths. METHODOLOGY: Records of 52 eclampsia-related mortalities from January 2003 to December 2007 were reviewed, retrospectively. Their social demography, mode and place of delivery, time of eclampsia, and fetal outcome were extracted for analysis. RESULTS: Eclampsia accounted for 52 (46.4%) of the 112 total maternal deaths recorded within the 5-year period, with case fatality of 22.33%. Age group <20, 20-29 and

Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Prognosis after Ischemic Stroke: It Is Not Apnea-Hypopnea Index That Matters.

BACKGROUND: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is highly prevalent after stroke and is considered to be a risk factor for poor post-stroke outcomes. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the effect of nocturnal respiratory-related indices based on nocturnal respiratory polygraphy on clinical outcomes (including mortality and non-fatal events) in patients with ischemic stroke. METHODS: A total of 328 consecutive patients (181 (55%) males, mean age 65.8 ± 11.2 years old) with confirmed ischemic stroke admitted to a stroke unit within 24 h after stroke onset were included in the anal

Impact of Oral Anticoagulation and Adenosine Diphosphate Inhibitor Therapies on Short-term Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injury.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Usage of oral anticoagulants (OACs) or adenosine diphosphate inhibitors (ADPi) is known to increase the risk of bleeding. We aimed to investigate the impact of OAC and ADPi therapies on short-term outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: All adult patients hospitalized for TBI in Finland during 2005-2018 were retrospectively studied using a combination of national registries. Usage of pharmacy-purchased OACs and ADPi at the time of TBI was analyzed with the pill-counting method (Social Insurance Institution of Finland). The primary outcome was 30-day ca

Predictors of in-hospital case-fatality in patients with stroke at the National Hospital of the Kyrgyz Republic: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Stroke-related mortality remains disproportionately high in Central Asia, with Kyrgyz Republic among the most affected countries. However, evidence on predictors of in-hospital death in this setting remains limited, particularly for comparative analyses of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Identifying context-specific determinants of in-hospital death is essential for informing targeted strategies to improve acute stroke care and outcomes in resource-constrained health systems. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 1,259 patients with stroke (1,033 ischemic and 226 hemo

Safety and Efficacy of Early Rehabilitation After Stroke Using Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Early rehabilitation (ER) has been reported to be both safe and feasible for patients' post-stroke. To date, however, ER-related outcomes concerning patients who have undergone mechanical thrombectomy (MT) have not been investigated. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of ER and whether it improves prognosis in such patients. METHODS: In this single-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled study involving 103 patients who met the study criteria (i.e., has undergone MT), we randomly divided patients (1:1) into ER and conventional rehabilitation groups. The primary ou

Farm Injury Deaths and Workers' Compensation Claims in Australia and Their Economic Costs.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the pattern and estimated direct economic burdens associated with unintentional deaths and injuries on Australian farms over the past 11 years (2013-2023). DESIGN: Descriptive retrospective epidemiological study of National Coronial Information System (NCIS) data for persons fatally injured on a farm and workers' compensation injuries data from the National Data Set. SETTING: Australia. PARTICIPANTS: All agricultural cases involving fatal injury events and those being injured accessing workers compensation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Nature of fatal and injury events, wi

Low HDL cholesterol as a cardiovascular risk factor in rural, urban, and rural-urban migrants: PERU MIGRANT cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Whilst the relationship between lipids and cardiovascular mortality has been well studied and appears to be controversial, very little has been explored in the context of rural-to-urban migration in low-resource settings. OBJECTIVE: Determine the profile and related factors for HDL-c patterns (isolated and non-isolated low HDL-c) in three population-based groups according to their migration status, and determine the effect of HDL-c patterns on the rates of cardiovascular outcomes (i.e. non-fatal stroke and non-fatal myocardial infarction) and mortality. METHODS: Cross-sectional

Сфеноидный грибковый носорогсинусит по всему спектру заболеваний: серия неинвазивных грибковых шариков и смертельный острый инвазивный грибковый носорогсинусит.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Сфеноидный грибковый носорогсинит является необычным, но клинически важным субъектом, начиная от неинвазивного грибкового шара и заканчивая быстро фатальным острым инвазивным грибковым носорогом. ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЕ КИСЛОТА: Мы сообщаем о двух противоположных случаях грибкового заболевания сфеноида. Во-первых, 28-летняя иммунокомпетентная женщина с хронической односторонней головной болью, вызванной изолированным феноидным грибком, который успешно лечился эндоскопической феноидотомией и расчисткой. Вторым был 49-летний мужчина с сахарным диабетом, который подавался с орбитальным участием,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Sphenoid fungal rhinosinusitis is an uncommon but clinically important entity ranging from non-invasive fungal ball to rapidly … e to an invasive Rhizopus infection, despite urgent debridement and systemic amphotericin B, with a fatal outcome. DISCUSSION: These cases illustrate how sphenoid fungal disease may present either as an isolated refractory headache in an otherwise healthy patient or as a fulminant invasive infection in a high-risk host. Early imaging, endoscopic assessment, an …

When a sore throat turns into deadly multiple serous cavity effusions: the role of Prevotella oris in rapidly progressing infection-a case report.

Severe infections that develop rapidly from ordinary symptoms not only increase patient misunderstandings but also lead to excessive detecti … s. The aim of this study is to expand clinical awareness of this common symptom and its potentially fatal outcome.

Fatal ingestion of firecracker in borderline personality disorder: suicide or not?

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition marked by intense emotions, unstable relationships, and a distorted self-image, which often leads to impulsive and self-destructive behaviors. Individuals with BPD frequently engage in deliberate foreign body ingestion (DFBI), a behavior that can result in severe outcomes if dangerous objects are ingested. Herein, we present a case of 45-year-old man with a history of BPD that was found in his apartment with fatal head injuries caused by the explosion of a firecracker in his mouth. Besides extensive head injuries that undoubted

Civilian gunshot injuries at the emergency department of a Nigerian teaching hospital: patient characteristics, pattern and outcome 2014-2018.

Gunshot injuries (GSI) are a major global public health problem. Our objective was to determine the patient characteristics, pattern and outcome of civilian gunshot wounds at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, from 2014-2018. The data of 232 patients with a diagnosis of GSI during the study period were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The victims were mostly males (86.6%) and the night shifts had the highest presentations (56%). Majority of the patients (61.2%) were in the age range of 21-40 years. Armed robbery attacks were the most frequent

Non-Conventional Risk Factors: "Fact" or "Fake" in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention?

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, etc., still represent the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. They significantly modify the patients' quality of life with a tremendous economic impact. It is well established that cardiovascular risk factors increase the probability of fatal and non-fatal cardiac events. These risk factors are classified into modifiable (smoking, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL cholesterol, diabetes, excessive alcohol consumption, high-fat and high

Whipple's disease - a rare and challenging complication in a patient with Crohn's disease.

INTRODUCTION: Whipple's disease (WD) is a rare and infectious condition leading to multi-organ impairment caused by Tropheryma whipplei (TW) … e patient developed therapy-refractory diarrhea with several opportunistic infections with a final, fatal outcome. CONCLUSION: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are not only at risk from infectious complications known with clostridium difficile or cytomegalovirus (CMV); infection with WD should also be ruled out by endoscopy and biopsy before the …