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Effect of nutrition intervention coupled with healthy dietary advice on the nutritional status of pregnant women in the northern zone of the Sidama region, Ethiopia: a multilevel, cluster randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Pregnant women with poor nutritional status, as indicated by a low body mass index, short stature, and micronutrient deficiencies, are at greater risk of poor birth outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effects of an egg-based diet intervention coupled with healthy dietary advice on nutritional status among pregnant women in the northern zone of the Sidama region, Ethiopia. METHODS: A community-based, multilevel, cluster-randomized controlled trial was employed. A total of 318 pregnant women were included in the study. An egg-based diet and healthy dietary advice were pro…

Association between nutritional status indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in older adults: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018.

While previous studies have identified a relationship between dietary intake and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the influence of overall nutritional status on NAFLD development has not been thoroughly investigated. This study sought to explore the association between different nutritional status indicators and NAFLD among the older adults. Nutritional status was evaluated using controlling nutritional status (CONUT), prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and nutritional risk index (GNRI), while NAFLD was identified based on a controlled attenuation parameter ≥ 285 dB/m, me…

The effect of oral nutrition supplement (ONS) on the nutritional and clinical status of patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.

IntroductionSeveral side effects within the patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), especially ones that influence nutrition intake, can cause weight loss and malnutrition. Based on studies, oral nutritional supplement (ONS) may reinforce their nutrient intake and progress clinical outcomes. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of oral nutrition supplements on the nutritional and clinical status of patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.MethodsAfter block randomization used the website www.randomization , 38 pat

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… Also, some side effects such as diarrhea, mucositis, nausea, and vomiting reported during the conditioning regimen had impressive adverse effects on nutritional status [ 15 ]. … While many patients have normal nutritional status at diagnosis, there is a chance that significant weight loss will occur throughout therapy [ 13 ]. …

Untangling weight from height: A generalised body mass index (gBMI) approach to evaluating child and adolescent nutritional status in India.

Background and objectives Weight-for-height (WHZ) and body mass index (BMI)-for-age (BAZ) are commonly used to assess child overnutrition but have limitations: they conflate skeletal growth with body weight, correlate with height, and inadequately distinguish fat from lean mass, particularly during puberty. This study proposes an India-specific generalised body mass index (gBMI), an age- and sex-specific power-type index adapted from Benn's concept, to better capture adiposity. Methods Exponent parameters for gBMI were estimated using healthy-child data, selected by WHO selection criteria, fro

A Cross-sectional Study to Determine the Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women using Mid-upper Arm Circumference and Neck Circumference.

BACKGROUND: Assessment of maternal nutritional status in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy is challenging. Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and neck circumference (NC) can be used for nutritional assessment of pregnant women in the second and third trimester. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 646 pregnant women in a teaching hospital in South India after ethics approval. Height, MUAC, and NC were primary data, and the weight of the first trimester was collected from patient files. The Youden Index was used to identify the best cut-offs for MUAC an…

Association between unhealthy snack food and beverage consumption and the nutritional status of Nepalese children and adolescents: A systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Eating habits have changed significantly over the past few decades, with consumers favoring unhealthy snack foods and beverage … is to assess the association between the consumption of unhealthy snack foods and beverages and the nutritional status of children and adolescents in urban, peri-urban, and rural Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to undertake a thorough desk-based searching of the literature. The lit …

Sex-Specific Differences in Nutritional Status and Olfaction in Association with Cognitive Impairment Amongst Older Adults with Long COVID Syndrome.

Background/Objectives: Long COVID has emerged as a significant public health concern, characterized by persistent symptoms following SARS-Co … e Sniffin' Stick Test. Cognitive impairment was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination, and nutritional status was assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Statistical analyses included linear regression. Results: A total of 45 patients with long COVID were included, of whom 51% were female. The prevalence of CI was lower in men compared to women …

Feeding challenges faced by Brazilian children and adolescents with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) adversely impact nutrient intake and nutritional status.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutritional profile, dietary intake, and feeding characteristics of Brazilian children and adolescents with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy, comparing exclusively orally fed and gastrostomy-fed participants. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 21 genetically confirmed patients with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy between July 2023 and March 2024. Data collection involved 24-hour dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements, and assessment of dysphagia using the Functional Oral Intake Scale. Nutritional status and intake were compared using the…

Impact of production systems and feeding strategies on milk, meat and egg production: Nutritional status, food safety and preservative aspects.

Milk, meat, and eggs are essential components of human diets, providing high-quality nutrients such as protein, essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. The nutritional quality, safety, and shelf life of these animal-derived foods are strongly influenced by livestock production systems and feeding strategies. This chapter examines how different production models, including extensive grazing and intensive feeding systems, and emerging sustainable approaches such as agroecological, regenerative, and circular agriculture shape the nutrient composition, quality and safet

Effects of Preoperative Nutritional Status on Postoperative Delirium in Patients Undergoing Elective Non-cardiac Surgery: Implications for Preoperative Nursing Practice.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of preoperative nutritional status on postoperative delirium (POD) and develop a preliminary predictive model for patients undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Prospective case-control study METHODS: This study enrolled 315 adults undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia (2023 to 2024). Nutritional risk was screened using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, and nutritional status was assessed according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria. Anthropometric measurements-body mass index, triceps skinfo…

Relationship between iodine nutritional status and low handgrip strength in a Northwestern Chinese cohort: construction of a predictive nomogram model.

BACKGROUND: Grip strength is a key marker for sarcopenia screening, yet the influence of iodine nutritional status on low grip strength (LGS) remains poorly understood. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed 810 community-dwelling adults in Lanzhou, China, randomly assigned to training (n = 568) and validation (n = 242) cohorts. Logistic regression analyses identified factors associated with LGS. A nomogram integrating urinary iodine concentration (UIC), systolic blood pressure (SP), and routine clinical variables was constructed. Model performance was evaluated using ROC curves, Hosmer…

Association between postoperative nutritional status and time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers: a restricted cubic spline analysis.

PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between early postoperative nutritional status and time-to-chemotherapy (TTC) in gastrointestinal cancer patients and provide a reference for nutritional intervention and reasonable chemotherapy arrangements. METHODS: This study enrolled consecutive patients who underwent radical gastrointestinal cancer surgery with planned adjuvant chemotherapy at a tertiary hospital in Dalian, China (June 2023-June 2025). Nutritional indicators included BMI, NRS-2002 score, and serum albumin concentration and their associations with TTC were analyzed using restricted cub…

Impact of Nutritional Status and Sarcopenia on Acute Exacerbation Risk in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) drive disease progression and mortality. This study aims to investigate whether nutritional risk and sarcopenia independently predict (AECOPD) in patients with stable COPD. METHODS: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, 264 hospitalized patients with stable COPD were followed for 12 months. Nutritional risk was assessed using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI), handgri

Distance from tertiary care, pericardial effusion, and nutritional status predict all-cause mortality among Malawian children with rheumatic heart disease.

BACKGROUND: This study of Malawian children with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) sought to detect demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic risk factors for mortality. METHODS: Pediatric patients with RHD were recruited from March to October, 2018 from clinic rosters and inpatient consults in Lilongwe and Blantyre, Malawi. An echocardiogram was performed upon study enrollment. Cox regression analyses were performed to assess for factors associated with mortality over nearly 2 years of follow-up. RESULTS: Of 118 patients, nearly two-thirds were female (64.4%) and median age was 12 (IQR 10-14

Change in Nutritional Status of Children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit over First 14 Days: A Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We studied changes in nutritional status from baseline, as measured by serial skinfold thickness measurements and their association with patient factors, disease factors, and biochemical factors, as well as time to the start of enteral feeds. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled 50 consecutive children aged 2-5 years from the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a public sector hospital in India between 14 February, 2024 and 31 August, 2024. Baseline demographic and clinical data were recorded. Serial anthropometric parameters were measured for all children at the time of…

Associated factors with nutrient intake and nutritional status of HIV positive breastfeeding mothers in apac district: a cross-sectional study.

Undernutrition among HIV/AIDS patients impedes the achievement of sustainable development goals by placing additional strain on healthcare systems. HIV causes nutrient loss and malabsorption, increasing nutritional requirements, particularly in lactating women. HIV-infected breastfeeding mothers are at greater nutritional risk than their non-HIV counterparts. Although global studies have addressed maternal undernutrition, few in Uganda have focused on factors affecting nutrient intake and nutritional status among HIV-positive breastfeeding women. This study aimed to explore these factors in Ap…

Effect of freeze-dried powder of lactic acid bacteria treatment of pediatric bacterial peritonitis on immune function and nutritional status.

OBJECTIVES: This study was to investigate the effects of freeze-dried powder of lactic acid bacteria treatment of pediatric bacterial peritonitis on immune function and nutritional status. METHODS: 100 cases of bacterial peritonitis children from September 2020 to September 2021 were included and divided into a control group and an observation group using a randomized numerical table, with each group containing 50 cases. The control group was given routine treatment such as antimicrobial drugs, and the observation group was given adjuvant treatment of freeze-dried powder of lactic acid bacter…

Nutritional status indices on the prognosis of patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma treated with CAR-T cell immunotherapy.

Background aimsChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy shows remarkable efficacy against relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (R/R MM). Nutritional status, assessed by objective indices like the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), influences MM prognosis. However, their predictive value for outcomes following CAR-T therapy in R/R MM remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 181 R/R MM patients receiving CAR-T therapy. Patients were stratified by optimal CONUT (cutoff: 6.5) and PNI (cutoff: 42.75) scores determined via ROC …

Nutritional Status as a Risk Factor for the Early Discontinuation of Inhaled Liposomal Amikacin in Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease, especially Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD), remains … ant risk factors for early ALIS discontinuation. These findings emphasize that maintaining adequate nutritional status is a prerequisite for successful multidrug antimicrobial therapy for pulmonary NTM disease. Clinicians should carefully evaluate these factors before starting ALIS and ensure close monitoring and nutritional support to improve adherence and outcomes …

Status of Common Water-Soluble Vitamins in Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Analysis with Implications for Targeted Nutritional Screening Programs.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Water-soluble vitamins are essential micronutrients requiring regular dietary replenishment due to minimal body storage capacity. Medical students.; despite their health knowledge, may be at risk for subclinical deficiencies due to academic stress and life-style factors. This study assessed water-soluble vitamin status to evaluate screening needs in this educated population. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 91 healthy medical students (age 18-23 years) at UAE University from September 2023 to January 2024. Serum levels of folate (B9), cobalamin (B12)