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Efficacy of In Vitro Addition of Low-Dose Arachidonic Acid in Improving the Sperm Motility of Obese Infertile Men With Asthenozoospermia.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of in vitro low-dose arachidonic acid (AA) addition on enhancing sperm motility in obese infertil … the seminal plasma AA metabolic network, indicators showed a positive association with the induced acrosome reaction, seminal plasma Ca2+ levels, PR, and the proportion of grade A sperm (rapid forward motion, speed ≥ 25 μm/s). Additionally, secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), AA, and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1) levels demonstrated a negative correlation with …

Fertilization defects in sperm from Cysteine-rich secretory protein 2 (Crisp2) knockout mice: implications for fertility disorders.

STUDY HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesize that fertility disorders in patients with aberrant expression of Cysteine-RIch Secretory Protein 2 (CRISP2) … ctional parameters associated with capacitation such as tyrosine phosphorylation (by western blot), acrosome reaction (by Coomassie Blue staining), hyperactivation (by computer-assisted sperm analysis) and intracellular Ca(2+) levels (by flow cytometry). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Crisp2(-/-) males presented normal fertility and in vivo fertiliz …

Membrane-bound receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a stable biomarker of low-quality sperm.

STUDY QUESTION: Does receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) on the surface membrane of the sperm cell function as a biomarker of low-quality sperm? SUMMARY ANSWER: Membrane-bound RAGE at a cellular level directly correlates with low sperm motility, high cell permeability, decreased mitochondrial function, DNA fragmentation, and higher levels of apoptosis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: RAGE has previously been measured by ELISA in low-quality sperm in diabetic men and has been shown to correlate with DNA fragmentation (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL

Separating the chaff from the wheat: antibody-based removal of DNA-fragmented sperm.

STUDY QUESTION: Is it possible to remove sperm with damaged DNA from a semen sample? SUMMARY ANSWER: By using immunomagnetic cell sorting t … This work did not validate the levels of ELSPBP1 in other functional alterations of sperm, such as acrosome integrity or mitochondrial activity. Moreover, this is still a pre-clinical study, intended to demonstrate proof-of-concept that ELSPBP1 selects sperm with low DNA fragmentation; further investigation is warranted to demonstrate safety for use in AR …

Molecular genetics of infertility: loss-of-function mutations in humans and corresponding knockout/mutated mice.

BACKGROUND: Infertility is a major issue in human reproductive health, affecting an estimated 15% of couples worldwide. Infertility can resu … ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), acephalic spermatozoa syndrome (ASS), globozoospermia, teratozoospermia, acrosome, oocyte maturation arrest, POI, zona pellucida, fertilization defects and early embryonic arrest. OUTCOMES: Our search generated ∼2000 records. Overall, 350 articles were included in the final review. For genetic investigation of human infertility, …

Role of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and serum albumin in head-to-head agglutination of boar spermatozoa.

It has previously been shown that when boar spermatozoa are incubated in a modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate (mKRB), head-to-head agglutinat … s incubated in mKRB, approximately 50% of the spermatozoa were agglutinated with one another at the acrosome. However, the percentages of head-to-head agglutinated spermatozoa were greatly reduced by a lack of calcium chloride in mKRB, but were recovered by the addition of dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP, a cAMP analogue) in a dose-dependent manner between 1 and 10 …

Воздействие расширительного энергетического субстрата на козлятину, хранящуюся в 17 °С.

Искусственное оплодотворение у коз, как правило, зависит от охлажденных доз спермы, однако оптимальный энергетический субстрат для поддержания метаболизма спермы остается неясным. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить воздействие различных энергетических субстратов на метаболизм спермы козла и спермы козлятины и их моторность при охлаждении 17 °С. Семя от six Козлы мужского пола Мурциано-Гранадина были собраны и разбавлены в ПБД, дополненных 35 mM глюкозы, фруктозы, пируваты или лактата в ходе первого эксперимента. В ходе второго эксперимента оценивалось воздействие различных к

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… Indeed, research has shown that each individual process and event (motility, capacitation, or acrosome reaction) or storage temperature (body temperature vs. 4 °C) requires a different substrate and metabolic pathway [ 7 , 9 ]. … Effect of fructose on motility, acrosome reaction and in vitro fertilization capability of boar spermatozoa Reprod. Med. Biol. 2006 5 255 10.1111/j.1447-0578.2006.00150.x 29662401 PMC5891792 32. Sun W. Jiang S. Su J. Zhang J. Bao X. Ding R. Shi P. Li S. Wu C. Zhao G. …

Semen characteristics and second successful artificial insemination of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in Thailand.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: As the number of wild Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) continues to decline, maintaining healthy populations under huma … and poor-motile ejaculates revealed that the former had significantly higher pH, viability, normal acrosomes, intact membranes, and normal head and tail morphology but often had a significantly lower volume and sperm concentration. From seven AI attempts in four females, one female had a confirmed pregnancy (14.3% pregnancy rate), and delivered a healthy …

Recent Trends in anti-tumor mechanisms and molecular targets of celastrol.

Celastrol, a compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine, has therapeutic effects and has been used to treat inflammation-related diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, current reviews lack a comprehensive and systematic summary of the anti-tumor mechanisms and molecular targets of celastrol. For this reason, this paper reviews the anticancer properties of celastrol and the molecular mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects. This paper primarily focuses on the mechanism of action of celastrol in terms of inhibition of cell proliferation a

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… The above studies indicate that celastrol has obvious cardiotoxicity, suggesting that the cardiovascular effects of celastrol should be carefully evaluated during clinical use. 5.3 Infertility toxicity Bai and colleagues investigated the impact of celastrol on Ca 2+ channels and the acrosome reaction … Their findings demonstrated that celastrol significantly reduced intracellular Ca 2+ currents in a time-dependent and irreversible manner, additionally inhibiting the progesterone-induced acrosome reaction in sperm. …

Antigen unmasking enhances visualization efficacy of the oocyte activation factor, phospholipase C zeta, in mammalian sperm.

STUDY QUESTION: Is it possible to improve clinical visualization of phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) as a diagnostic marker of sperm oocyte activation capacity and male fertility? SUMMARY ANSWER: Poor PLCζ visualization efficacy using current protocols may be due to steric or conformational occlusion of native PLCζ, hindering antibody access, and is significantly enhanced using antigen unmasking/retrieval (AUM) protocols. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Mammalian oocyte activation is mediated via a series of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) oscillations induced by sperm-specific PLCζ. PLCζ represents not only

Bortezomib treatment causes long-term testicular dysfunction in young male mice.

BackgroundWith increased long-term survivors of childhood cancer patients, therapy-associated infertility has become one of the most common late side-effects and significantly affects their life-quality. Therefore, evaluation of anti-cancer agents on male reproduction and infertility prevention are urgently demanding. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has been launched in clinical trials for childhood cancers, however, its potential side effects on reproduction have so far been neither investigated experimentally nor reported in treated children. Thus the present study is designed to explore

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… In mice killed 6 months after the last bortezomib injection (F) , vacuolization of elongated spermatids (open triangles), impairment of the acrosome formation (arrows), and degeneration of germ cells were evident. … Acrosome formation was impaired in round spermatids (Figure 2 F arrows). Bortezomib treatment does not impair fertility To determine whether a single cycle of bortezomib administration impairs fertility, a mating study was performed 6 months later. …

The Role of Progranulin (PGRN) in the Pathogenesis of Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the most common and aggressive malignant form of brain tumour in adults and is characterized by an extremely poor prognosis with dismal survival rates. Currently, expanding concepts concerning the pathophysiology of GBM are inextricably linked with neuroinflammatory phenomena. On account of this fact, the identification of novel pathomechanisms targeting neuroinflammation seems to be crucial in terms of yielding successful individual therapeutic strategies. In recent years, the pleiotropic growth factor progranulin (PGRN) has attracted significant atten

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… Acrosome biogenesis begins during meiosis: Evidence from the synthesis and distribution of an acrosomal glycoprotein, acrogranin, during guinea pig spermatogenesis. Biol. Reprod. 1990;42:317–328. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod42.2.317. 32. … Acrogranin, an acrosomal cysteine-rich glycoprotein, is the precursor of the growth-modulating peptides, granulins, and epithelins, and is expressed in somatic as well as male germ cells. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 1993;34:233–243. doi: 10.1002/mrd.1080340302. 33. Zhou J., Gao G., Crabb J., Serrero G. …

Hyaluronan, fluid pressure, and stromal resistance in pancreas cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAs) are notoriously aggressive and resistant to treatment. They distinguish themselves further by their robust fibroinflammatory, or desmoplastic, stromal reaction and degree of hypovascularity. Recent findings have revealed multiple mechanisms of stromal complicity in disease pathogenesis and resistance. In this review, we focus on altered physicomechanics as one mechanism of what we term as 'stromal resistance' in PDA. Extremely high interstitial fluid pressures and a dense extracellular matrix combine to limit the delivery and distribution of therapeutic

Assessment of pigmented skin lesions in terms of blood perfusion estimates.

The rising prevalence of vision-threatening eye diseases poses a major global health and economic burden, yet timely diagnosis remains limited by workforce shortages, diagnostic delays, and restricted access to specialized care. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers potential solutions. In particular, recent progress in foundation models and large language models-especially multimodal large language models (MLLMs)-has shown promise in medical image interpretation and automated clinical documentation. However, advancing MLLMs for ophthalmology is hindered by the lack of unified, comprehensive ben

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… In patients with asthenoteratozoospermia, increased expression of hsa-miR-27a mediates the repression of the Cysteine-RIch Secretory Protein2 ( CRISP2 ) gene that plays a role in sperm motility, acrosome reaction and gamete fusion. …

The mammalian sperm factor phospholipase C zeta is critical for early embryo division and pregnancy in humans and mice.

STUDY QUESTION: Are sperm phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) profiles linked to the quality of embryogenesis and pregnancy? SUMMARY ANSWER: Sperm PLCζ levels in both mouse and humans correlate with measures of ideal embryogenesis whereby minimal levels seem to be required to result in successful pregnancy. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: While causative factors underlying male infertility are multivariable, cases are increasingly associated with the efficacy of oocyte activation, which in mammals occurs in response to specific profiles of calcium (Ca2+) oscillations driven by sperm-specific PLCζ. Although s

Automatic identification of human spermatozoa with zona pellucida-binding capability using deep learning.

STUDY QUESTION: Can a deep-learning algorithm, independent of World Health Organization (WHO) sperm morphology grading, be used to identify … ytes were donated from women attending the infertility clinic for assisted reproduction treatments. Acrosome-intact, ZP-bound spermatozoa were collected by our previously modified spermatozoa-ZP coincubation assay. ZP-unbound spermatozoa were collected from normozoospermic samples with defective ZP-binding ability, as evidenced by complete fertilization fa …

Cannabidiol on the Path from the Lab to the Cancer Patient: Opportunities and Challenges.

Cannabidiol (CBD), a major non-psychotropic component of cannabis, is receiving growing attention as a potential anticancer agent. CBD suppresses the development of cancer in both in vitro (cancer cell culture) and in vivo (xenografts in immunodeficient mice) models. For critical evaluation of the advances of CBD on its path from laboratory research to practical application, in this review, we wish to call the attention of scientists and clinicians to the following issues: (a) the biological effects of CBD in cancer and healthy cells; (b) the anticancer effects of CBD in animal models and clin

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… and sperms | Sea urchin eggs and sperm/incubation in CBD-enriched sea water/0.1–10 µM | Decreased fetal body weight Fertilization inhibition | Increased fetal structural variations Decrease in testosterone metabolism | Rats/intraperitoneal/10 mg/kg | Delayed sexual maturation Dose- and time-dependent acrosome …

Cannabis, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine: Cannabinoids' Role in Public Health, Food Safety, and Translational Medicine.

Public health is connected to cannabis with regard to food, animal feed (feed), and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the use of phytocannabinoids should be examined from a One Health perspective. Current knowledge on medical cannabis treatment (MCT) does not address sufficiently diseases which are of epidemiological and of zoonotic concern. The use of cannabinoids in veterinary medicine is illegal in most countries, mostly due to lack of evidence-based medicine. To answer the growing need of scientific evidence-based applicable medicine in both human and veterinary medicine, a new approach for the

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… Anandamide (arachidonylethanolamide), a brain cannabinoid receptor agonist, reduces sperm fertilizing capacity in sea urchins by inhibiting the acrosome reaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994;91:7678–82. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.16.7678. 167. Cottone E, Pomatto V, Cerri F, et al. …

ER-mitochondria tethering and its signaling: A novel therapeutic target in breast cancer.

Communication between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria through mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) is assisted by tethering proteins and signaling pathways, manifesting the dynamic exchange of lipids, calcium, and signaling molecules. However, dysregulation of tethering and signaling proteins contributes to the progression of breast cancer (BC). Abnormal MAM structures and altered ER-mitochondrial tethering impair mitochondrial functions and thereby drive BC progression. Altered mitochondrial dynamics, often characterized by dysregulated dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)

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… Signals like cytochrome c and calcium transfer to the ER by undergoing prolonged opening of IPR6 or recruiting F1SI, which forms the caspase activation complex, acrosome. 110 Strategies for targeting mitochondrial-ER dynamics The imbalance between mitochondrial fission and fusion causes altered mitochondrial …

Phosphodiesterase type 5 and cancers: progress and challenges.

Cancers are an extraordinarily heterogeneous collection of diseases with distinct genetic profiles and biological features that directly influence response patterns to various treatment strategies as well as clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, our growing understanding of cancer cell biology and tumor progression is gradually leading towards rational, tailored medical treatments designed to destroy cancer cells by exploiting the unique cellular pathways that distinguish them from normal healthy counterparts. Recently, inhibition of the activity of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is emerging as a

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… Sildenafil citrate improves sperm motility but causes a premature acrosome reaction in vitro. Fertil Steril. 2007;87:1064–1070. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.017. 143. Francis SH. Phosphodiesterase 11 (PDE11): Is it a player in human testicular function? …