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Catalytic antibodies in the bone marrow and other organs of Th mice during spontaneous development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis associated with cell differentiation.

Exact mechanisms of autoimmune disease development are still yet unknown. However, it is known that the development of autoimmune diseases is associated with defects in the immune system, namely, the violation of the bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiation profiles. Different characteristics of autoimmune reaction development in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) prone Th mice characterizing T-lymphocytes response were analyzed using standard approaches. Profiles of several HSCs differentiation of bone marrow (BFU-E, CFU-E, CFU-GM, CFU-GEMM, T- and B-lymphocyte…

Effects of a short-term aquatic exercise intervention on symptoms and exercise capacity in individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis: a pilot study.

PURPOSE: This pilot pre-and post-intervention study investigated the effects of a short-term aquatic exercise programme on physiological outcomes, symptoms and exercise capacity in women with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME). METHODS: Eleven women (54.8 ± 12.4 year) volunteered for the 5-week program; an initial 20-min aquatic exercise session then two self-paced 20-min sessions per week for 4 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention outcomes were physiological measures, 6 min Walk Test (6MWT), perceived exertion (RPE), hand grip strength, Sit-to-Stand, Sit-Reach test, Apl…

Distinctive Roles for α7*- and α9*-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Responses in the Murine Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Previous studies have demonstrated immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of nicotine, including in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model in mice of some forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Other studies using knock-out (KO) mice have implicated nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors containing α7, α9, or β2 subunits (α7*-, α9*- or β2*-nAChR) in different, disease-exacerbating or disease-ameliorating processes. These outcomes are in harmony with gene expression analyses showing nAChR subunit mRNA in many classes of immune system cell types. Consistent with influence…

The Role of Autonomic Function in Exercise-induced Endogenous Analgesia: A Case-control Study in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Healthy People.

BACKGROUND: Patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) are unable to activate brain-orchestrated endogenous analgesia (or descending inhibition) in response to exercise. This physiological impairment is currently regarded as one factor explaining post-exertional malaise in these patients. Autonomic dysfunction is also a feature of ME/CFS. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the role of the autonomic nervous system in exercise-induced analgesia in healthy people and those with ME/CFS, by studying the recovery of autonomic parameters following aerobic exercis…

Attenuation of autoimmune responses to oxidative specific epitopes, but not nitroso-adducts, is associated with a better clinical outcome in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: There is evidence that inflammatory, oxidative and nitrosative stress (IO&NS) pathways participate in the pathophysiology of a subgroup of patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Increased IgM-related autoimmune responses to oxidative specific epitopes (OSEs), including malondialdehyde (MDA), oleic acid and phosphatidyl inositol (Pi), and nitroso-(NO)-adducts, including NO-tryptophan (NOW), NO-arginine and NO-cysteinyl, are frequently observed in ME/CFS. Autoimmune responses in ME/CFS may be driven by increased bacterial translocation as measured …

Post vaccine acute disseminated encephalomyelitis as the first manifestation of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in a 15-month old baby: a case report.

We describe a case of a 15-month-old female child admitted to our hospital because of fever, rash, neurological signs (oscillation between states of irritability and drowsiness), palpebral edema and drooping eyelid, appeared 10 days after the vaccination for measles, mumps and rubella. Brain MRI images showed multiple bilateral hyperintense lesions in the white matter typical of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), an autoimmune demyelinating disorder with inflammatory lesions of the central nervous system, due to viral antigens or vaccines. In the mean time, because of patient's vague…

Direct evidence of a role for amino acid 101 of VP-1 in central nervous system disease in Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection.

The DA virus, a member of the TO subgroup of Theiler's virus, invokes a chronic demyelinating disease in its natural host, the mouse, RNA transcripts from a cDNA clone, pDAFL3, are infectious, and the resulting virus, DAFL3, produces in mice a disease indistinguishable from that caused by the DA virus. Using oligonucleotide-directed site-specific mutagenesis, a single nucleotide, cytosine at position 3305 (viral genome), was changed in this infectious cDNA to a thymine. The mutated nucleotide is located in an area coding for a neutralizing epitope on loop II of VP-1. Virus OSM101, produced fro

Synthetic peptides of the E2 glycoprotein of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. II. Antibody to the amino terminus protects animals by limiting viral replication.

A peptide composed of the amino-terminal 25 amino acids of the E2 glycoprotein of the virulent Trinidad donkey (TRD) strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus was found to protect peptide-immunized mice from lethal TRD virus challenge (Hunt et al., 1990). Viral growth in peptide-immunized animals was found to be limited in comparison to that in nonimmunized controls. Although both treated and control groups of mice responded to virus challenge by producing neutralizing antibody, only immunized mice with preexisting antipeptide antibody survived. Polyclonal antipeptide sera as well as…

Characterization of the binding of the TC-83 strain of Venezuelan Equine encephalomyelitis virus to BW-J-M, a mouse macrophage-like cell line.

The first step in virus replication is attachment of the virus to the host cell surface. To investigate this process, the binding of TC-83 (the attenuated strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus) to BW-J-M (a macrophage-like murine cell culture line) has been characterized. The binding of radiolabelled virus can be blocked by excess unlabelled virus and has a pH optimum in the physiological range. Binding is saturable; analysis using Scatchard plots or the computerized binding data analysis program, LIGAND, yielded estimates of a single class of 4 X 10(5) binding sites per cell and…

Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Surface Marker Profiling Reveals Immune Cell-Associated Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Alterations in Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Long COVID (LC) is characterized by symptoms persisting at least 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection and affecting multiple organ systems. Diagnosis relies on subjective criteria without established biomarkers. Immune dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in LC pathophysiology. Given clinical overlap with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), we investigated whether plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) capture shared molecular signatures. METHODS: Plasma EVs from 125 individuals across pandemic-era and prepandemic cohorts were analyzed. T…

Modulation of the Inflammatory Signature in an Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model through Treatment with Fasciola hepatica-Derived Recombinant Fatty Acid Binding Protein (rFh15).

BACKGROUND: The observed negative correlation between the geographical distribution of autoimmune diseases and helminth infections points to … ubsequently assessed for its anti-inflammatory effects in a murine model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS: EAE was induced in twelve C57BL/6 mice, while six additional mice were maintained as healthy controls (HCs). The EAE-induced mice received intraperitoneal injections of either 100 μg of rFh15 or PBS, administered thrice both before …

Static and Kinetic Disequilibrium are Central Neural Signs in Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome-Therapeutic Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.

BACKGROUND: Chronic fatigue syndrome is primarily caused by myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME)-associated dysfunction of the central nervous system. Postural instability or disequilibrium is a typical neural sign and is classified as static or kinetic. METHODS: A total of 160 ME patients (53 males and 107 females) with a mean age of 37 ± 12 years were enrolled in this study. They underwent both the Romberg test for static disequilibrium and the tandem gait test with turn and return for kinetic disequilibrium. RESULTS: Static disequilibrium was found in 40 (25%) patients who showed instability wh…

MALAT1 promotes microglia activation and neuronal apoptosis through via the miR-124-3p/ SGK1 axis mediating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease progression in mice.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) significantly impairs quality of life due to its high disability rate. Recent research indicates that the long non-coding RNA Malat1 is specifically upregulated in MS and is critically involved in mediating neuroinflammatory responses and microglial activation. This study explores the function and mechanism of the Malat1/miR-124-3p/Sgk1 pathway in MS and microglia activation. Initially, the study established an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model in C57BL/6 mice using MOG35-55. Subsequently, it confirmed a correlation between the expression of Malat1 i…

Гепотироксинэмии изменяется Th1/TH17 Иммунитет и врожденный лимфоидный баланс клеток во взрослом возрасте во время предсимптомной стадии экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломилита.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Гомеостазиз тироидного гормона во время беременности имеет решающее значение для надлежащего нейроразвития и когнитивных способностей во взрослом возрасте. Совокупные данные показывают, что гестационная гипотироксинемия (HTX) модифицирует иммунную реакцию взрослого потомства. МЕТОДЫ: В настоящем исследовании взрослые мыши, гестированные в HTX, и их эутхироидные анатомии были индуцированы с помощью легкой формы экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита (EAE), широко распространенной модели множественного склероза, и анализировались в базовом порядке и через 7 дней после введени

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Thyroid hormone homeostasis during pregnancy is crucial for proper neurodevelopment and cognitive capacity during adulthood. A … ed in HTX and their euthyroid counterparts were induced with a mild form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a widespread model of multiple sclerosis, and analyzed at baseline and 7 days after EAE induction. RESULTS: Levels of circulating IL-17 were significantly lower in mice gestated in HTX at both timepoints, while circulating IFN-γ was signific …

Temporal relationship between neurofilament light chain and cytokines involved in T helper-17 lymphocyte signaling in the blood of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neuroinflammatory disease leading to eventual neurodegeneration. There is a strong interest in using blood biomarkers to detect the disease onset and monitor disease progression in MS. One such biomarker is neurofilament light chain (NfL) that reflects axonal damage or neurodegeneration. Proinflammatory cytokines involved in T-helper 17 (Th17) lymphocyte signaling are potential blood biomarkers of neuroinflammation. METHODS: We induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for MS, in female C57BL/6 mice and measured…

Illness presentation and quality of life in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and post COVID-19 condition: a pilot Australian cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: Post COVID-19 Condition (PCC), being persistent COVID-19 symptoms, is reminiscent of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)-a chronic multi-systemic illness characterised by neurocognitive, autonomic, endocrinological and immunological disturbances. This novel cross-sectional investigation aims to: (1) compare symptoms among people with ME/CFS (pwME/CFS) and people with PCC (pwPCC) to inform developing PCC diagnostic criteria; and (2) compare health outcomes between patients and people without acute or chronic illness (controls) to highlight the illness burdens of…

Cognitive assessment in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS): a cognitive substudy of the multi-site clinical assessment of ME/CFS (MCAM).

INTRODUCTION: Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) experience cognitive problems with attention, information processing speed, working memory, learning efficiency, and executive function. Commonly, patients report worsening of cognitive symptoms over time after physical and/or cognitive challenges. To determine, monitor, and manage longitudinal decrements in cognitive function after such exposures, it is important to be able to screen for cognitive dysfunction and changes over time in clinic and also remotely at home. The primary objectives of this paper we…

Pain-Related Post-Exertional Malaise in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review and Three-Level Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and fibromyalgia (FM) are two debilitating, moderately comorbid illnesses in which chronic musculoskeletal pain symptoms are prevalent. These individuals can experience post-exertional malaise (PEM), a phenomenon in which symptom severity is worsened for 24 hours or longer after physical stress, but the pain-related component of PEM is not well characterized. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Case-control studies involving adults with ME/CFS or FM and measuring pain symptoms before and after exposure…