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Progestogens for prevention of luteinising hormone (LH) surge in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation as part of an assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle.

BACKGROUND: Currently, gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues are used to prevent premature ovulation in ART cycles. However, thei … and 534 oocyte donors). Progestogens versus GnRH antagonists We are very uncertain of the effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) 10 mg compared with cetrorelix on the LBR in poor responders (odds ratio (OR) 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73 to 2.13, one RCT, N = 340, very-low-certainty evidence), suggesting that if the chance of live birth following GnRH a …

Exploration and Development of PPAR Modulators in Health and Disease: An Update of Clinical Evidence.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that govern the expression of genes responsible for energy metabolism, cellular development, and differentiation. Their crucial biological roles dictate the significance of PPAR-targeting synthetic ligands in medical research and drug discovery. Clinical implications of PPAR agonists span across a wide range of health conditions, including metabolic diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases, infections, autoimmune diseases, neurological and psychiatric disorders, and malignancies. In this review we aim to consolidate exist

Long-term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

BACKGROUND: Hormone therapy is widely provided to control menopausal symptoms and has been used for the management and prevention of cardiov … with an intact uterus compared combined continuous hormone therapy (conjugated equine oestrogen and medroxyprogesterone acetate) to placebo, and measured outcomes at an average of 5.6 years of follow-up. Based on this study, combined continuous hormone therapy probably makes little to no difference to the risk of a coronary event (RR 1.17, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.44; modera …

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and current and emerging treatment options.

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) is a genetic platelet surface receptor disorder of GPIIb/IIIa (ITG αIIbβ3), either qualitative or quantitative, which results in faulty platelet aggregation and diminished clot retraction. Spontaneous mucocutaneous bleeding is common and can lead to fatal bleeding episodes. Control and prevention of bleeding among patients with GT is imperative, and remains challenging. Local measures, including anti-fibrinolytic therapy, with or without platelet transfusions, used to be the mainstay of therapy. However, in recent years the use of recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa

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… A continuous regimen of an estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive agent or intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate given once every 3 months has been used successfully in women with GT. …

Strategies to improve adherence and continuation of shorter-term hormonal methods of contraception.

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, hormonal contraceptives are among the most popular reversible contraceptives. Despite high perfect-use effectiveness … shorter-term hormonal methods of contraception (such as oral contraceptives (OCs), injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA or Depo-Provera), intravaginal ring, or transdermal patch) with usual family planning care in reproductive age women seeking to avoid pregnancy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures recommended by C …

Anti-IL-6R Ab tocilizumab to treat paraneoplastic inflammatory syndrome of solid cancers.

BACKGROUND: Paraneoplastic inflammatory syndrome (PIS) with fever and biological inflammation is a rare but severe condition often caused by the systemic production of interleukin 6 (IL-6) by cancer cells. We report on the efficacy of tocilizumab, an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, in 35 patients with severe PIS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All 35 patients with solid cancers (sarcomas, lung carcinoma, and breast carcinoma) diagnosed with a PIS from 2019 to 2024 treated with tocilizumab were analyzed in this single-center study (health authorities' approval R201-004-478). Patients' characteristics and

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… Inhibition of tumor progression and paraneoplastic syndrome development in a murine lung adenocarcinoma by medroxyprogesterone acetate and indomethacin Cancer Invest 24 2006 126 131 16537180 10.1080/07357900500524322 27 Eberst L. Cassier P.A. Brahmi M. Tirode F. Blay J.Y. …

Is Gonadal Therapy a Promoter of Breast Cancer? Incidence of Breast Cancer in a Cohort of Survivors of Oncological Diseases Treated with Gonadal Steroids.

There is a great controversy about hormonal replacement therapy in women among the members of the scientific community. Cancer survivors have sometimes had their ovary function totally or partially destroyed, thus affecting their development and quality of life. In this study, we were looking for adverse effects caused, eventually, by estroprogestative therapy in a cohort of supplemented survivors. The occurrence of breast cancer was our main concern. Ours is a retrospective study based on the clinical records of 174 survivors of several cancer diseases. Their median ages within each of the fo

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… We must avoid norpregnane derivatives (nomegestrol acetate and promegestone) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (this was taken by women from the WHI). …

Pharmacological interventions for those who have sexually offended or are at risk of offending.

BACKGROUND: Sexual offending is a serious social problem, a public health issue, and a major challenge for social policy. Victim surveys ind … ss of three testosterone-suppressing drugs: cyproterone acetate (CPA), ethinyl oestradiol (EO), and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA); a seventh evaluated two antipsychotics (benperidol and chlorpromazine). Five studies were placebo-controlled; in two, MPA was administered as an adjunctive treatment to a psychological therapy (assertiveness training or imaginal desen …

Progress in osteoporosis and fracture prevention: focus on postmenopausal women.

In the past decade, we have witnessed a revolution in osteoporosis diagnosis and therapeutics. This includes enhanced understanding of basic bone biology, recognizing the severe consequences of fractures in terms of morbidity and short-term re-fracture and mortality risk and case finding based on clinical risks, bone mineral density, new imaging approaches, and contributors to secondary osteoporosis. Medical interventions that reduce fracture risk include sufficient calcium and vitamin D together with a wide spectrum of drug therapies (with antiresorptive, anabolic, or mixed effects). Emerging

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… Results from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), a study of over 16,000 postmenopausal women, convincingly confirmed a significant risk reduction of hip fractures attributed to combined conjugated equine estrogen and medroxyprogesterone (RR = 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45 to 0.98) [ 56 ] as … Zaslavsky AM Ayanian JZ Use of hormone replacement therapy by postmenopausal women in the United States Ann Intern Med 1999 130 545 553 10189323 10.7326/0003-4819-130-7-199904060-00002 Lindsay R Gallagher JC Kleerekoper M Pickar JH Effect of lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone …

Progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems for heavy menstrual bleeding.

BACKGROUND: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) impacts the quality of life of otherwise healthy women. The perception of HMB is subjective and m … ions. LNG-IUS versus other medical therapy The other medical therapies were norethisterone acetate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, oral contraceptive pill, mefenamic acid, tranexamic acid or usual medical treatment (where participants could choose the oral treatment that was most suitable). The LNG-IUS may improve HMB, lowering menstrual blood loss according to the alk …

Targeting strategies for bone diseases: signaling pathways and clinical studies.

Since the proposal of Paul Ehrlich's magic bullet concept over 100 years ago, tremendous advances have occurred in targeted therapy. From the initial selective antibody, antitoxin to targeted drug delivery that emerged in the past decades, more precise therapeutic efficacy is realized in specific pathological sites of clinical diseases. As a highly pyknotic mineralized tissue with lessened blood flow, bone is characterized by a complex remodeling and homeostatic regulation mechanism, which makes drug therapy for skeletal diseases more challenging than other tissues. Bone-targeted therapy has b

Lycorine attenuated proliferation and induced apoptosis on imatinib-resistant K562 cell by inhibiting autophagy.

BackgroundTyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance is a significant factor exacerbating the burden on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and impacting clinical efficacy. The main goal is to offer new insights into overcoming drug resistance in treating CML.MethodsImatinib (IM) resistant K562/IM cells were generated using gradient induction. Responses to IM, lycorine, and autophagy modulators were assessed using CCK-8. Protein expression of Beclin-1, Atg5, LC3, Caspase-3, P62, Bax, Bcl-2, and P-gp was detected using Western blot. Lycorine-induced apoptosis and cell cycle changes were eva

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… Hayden RE Pratt G Drayson MT Bunce CM Lycorine sensitizes CD40 ligand-protected chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to bezafibrate- and medroxyprogesterone acetate-induced apoptosis but dasatanib does not overcome reported CD40-mediated drug resistance Haematologica 2010 95 11 1889 1896 10.3324/haematol …

Approach to the Patient With Bone Fracture: Making the First Fracture the Last.

The global burden of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures will increase significantly as we enter a rapidly aging population. Osteoporotic fractures lead to increased morbidity, mortality, and risk of subsequent fractures if left untreated. However, studies have shown that the majority of patients who suffer an osteoporotic fracture are not investigated or treated for osteoporosis, leading to an inexcusable "osteoporosis care gap." Systematic and coordinated models of care in secondary fracture prevention known as fracture liaison services (FLS) have been established to streamline and impro

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… Secondary causes of osteoporosis Medications | Glucocorticoids Aromatase inhibitors Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate Antiepileptics Antiretroviral therapy Thiazolidinediones Endocrine disorders | Hyperthyroidism Hyperparathyroidism Hypogonadism (estrogen or testosterone deficiency) Growth hormone deficiency …

Intravenous zoledronic acid for the treatment of osteoporosis: The evidence of its therapeutic effect.

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mineral density and poor bone quality resulting in reduced bone strength and increased risk of fracture. Oral bisphosphonates, first-line therapy for most patients with osteoporosis, are associated with suboptimal adherence to therapy due to factors that include a complex dosing regimen and gastrointestinal intolerance in some patients. Intravenous bisphosphonates address these limitations through infrequent injectable dosing that assures 100% bioavailability. Intravenous zoledronic acid is the newest bisphosphonate to be approv

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… Concomitant use of the following osteoporosis medications was allowed at the time of entry into the study and during follow-up: hormone therapy, raloxifene, calcitonin, tibolone, tamoxifen, dehydroepiandrosterone, ipriflavone, and medroxyprogesterone. …

Post hip fracture orthogeriatric care-a Canadian position paper addressing challenges in care and strategies to meet quality indicators.

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis is a major disease state associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Less than half of the individuals sustaining a low energy hip fracture are diagnosed and treated for the underlying osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: A multidisciplinary Canadian hip fracture working group has developed practical recommendations to meet Canadian quality indicators in post hip fracture care. METHODS: A comprehensive narrative review was conducted to identify and synthesize key articles on post hip fracture orthogeriatric care for each of the individual sections

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… Conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg/d 17β-estradiol (oral) 1 mg/d 17β-estradiol (patch) 50 μg twice weekly 17β-estradiol (gel) 2 metered doses/actuation daily (Estrogel) 1 mg packets daily (Divigel) Progestogen Micronized progesterone 100 mg/d oral (continuous regimen) 200 mg/d oral for 12–14 d/mo (cyclic regimen) Medroxyprogesterone … ) | 1 mg/d | | 17β-estradiol (patch) | 50 μg twice weekly | | 17β-estradiol (gel) | 2 metered doses/actuation daily (Estrogel) 1 mg packets daily (Divigel) | | Progestogen | | | Micronized progesterone | 100 mg/d oral (continuous regimen) 200 mg/d oral for 12–14 d/mo (cyclic regimen) | | Medroxyprogesterone …

National guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in Slovakia.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a chronic, systemic skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, leading to increased fracture risk. In Slovakia, its prevalence is estimated at 6%, with substantial health, social, and economic burdens. OBJECTIVE: The Slovak national guideline provides an overview for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of osteoporosis in Slovakia, reflecting recent scientific advances and recommendations from international bodies. METHODS: The guidelines were developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel and officially adopted

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… Androgen-deprivation therapy • Aromatase inhibitors; anti-estrogenic treatment • Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists • Anticoagulants • Proton pump inhibitors • Glitazones • Lithium • Cyclosporin A and tacrolimus • Barbiturates • Anticonvulsants • Chemotherapeutics in antitumor treatment • Depot medroxyprogesterone …

Role of zoledronic acid in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Taken once a year, intravenous zoledronic acid (Zol) (Reclast® or Aclasta®) is a third-generation nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate that is effective compared with placebo in reducing the risk of fractures in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and recent low-trauma hip fracture. In glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, there is no significant difference between Zol and risedronate for new fractures. Improvements in bone mineral density and early reduction of bone remodeling markers are observed in postmenopausal osteoporosis, recent low-trauma hip fracture, and glucocorticoid-induced os

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… Concomitant therapy included calcitonin, raloxifene, tamoxifen, hormone replacement therapy, dehydroepiandrosterone, ipriflavone, medroxyprogesterone, and tibolone but excluded bisphosphonates. All women received 1000–1500 mg of calcium plus 400–1200 IU of vitamin D each day. …

Targeting the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway-Can We Compare It to the Two Faces of the God Janus?

Muscle cachexia is one of the most critical unmet medical needs. Identifying the molecular background of cancer-induced muscle loss revealed a promising possibility of new therapeutic targets and new drug development. In this review, we will define the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein's role in the tumor formation process and summarize the role of STAT3 in skeletal muscle cachexia. Finally, we will discuss a vast therapeutic potential for the STAT3-inhibiting single-agent treatment innovation that, as the desired outcome, could block tumor growth and generally

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… Hitherto, new drug candidate clinical trials have been associated with the administration of progesterone derivatives—medroxyprogesterone [ 4 ], megestrol acetate [ 11 ], ghrelin [ 12 ], and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol [ 13 ]—as appetite stimulators and weight loss limiting agents, as well as corticosteroids …

European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

UnlabelledGuidance is provided in a European setting on the assessment and treatment of postmenopausal women with or at risk from osteoporosis.IntroductionThe European Foundation for Osteoporosis and Bone disease (subsequently the International Osteoporosis Foundation) published guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in 1997. This manuscript updates these in a European setting.MethodsThe following areas are reviewed: the role of bone mineral density measurement for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk; general and pharmacological management of oste

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… In this large cohort of postmenopausal women in their 60s, the combined use of conjugated oestrogen and medroxyprogesterone acetate was associated with a 30% increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and breast cancer, and with a 40% increase in stroke [ 85 – 87 ]. … In hysterectomised women receiving conjugated oestrogen alone, there was also a significant increase in stroke, but not in CHD and breast cancer, suggesting a deleterious effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate [ 90 ]. …

HDAC Inhibition Induces PD-L1 Expression in a Novel Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cell Line.

While papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has largely favorable prognosis, anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare but extremely aggressive malignancy with grim clinical outcome. Even though new therapeutic options are emerging for ATC, additional preclinical models and novel combinations are needed for specific subsets of patients. We established a novel cell line (PF49) from the malignant pleural effusion of a 68-year-old male patient with ATC that rapidly transformed from a BRAF and TERT promoter mutant PTC. PF49 cells demonstrated a robust migratory activity in vitro and strong invasive capac

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… Kurebayashi J Otsuki T Tanaka K Yamamoto Y Moriya T Sonoo H Medroxyprogesterone acetate decreases secretion of interleukin-6 and parathyroid hormone-related protein in a new anaplastic thyroid cancer cell line, KTC-2 Thyroid 2003 13 3 249 258 10.1089/105072503321582042 12729473 41. …