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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Prevalence of Brucella melitensis in Sheep and Goat.

Brucellosis is one of the neglected zoonotic diseases (NZD) in the world that causes disease globally. Brucella melitensis, one of the organisms responsible for causing the disease in sheep and goat, is responsible for the disease in humans. The disease is transmitted mainly from sheep and goat to humans via ingestion (typically through milk), inhalation, abrasion and so on. Despite the zoonotic importance of the disease, there is lack of comprehensive data such as overall prevalence around the world is yet to be measured. The aim of this study is to review all the available articles on the pr…

QRFP43 modulates the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in female sheep.

Since the early discovery of QRFP43, intensive research has been primarily focused on its role in the modulation of food intake. As is widel … The objective of this work was to investigate the role of QRFP43 in modulating HPT axis activity in sheep. The study examined mRNA and peptide expression of TRH and TSH in the hypothalamus and pituitary, as well as plasma concentrations of TSH, free T4 (FT4) and free T3 (FT3). Moreover, the relationship between QRFP34 and mRNA expression of the Dio1, Di …

N-Acetylcysteine Promotes the Maturation of Sheep Oocytes and Embryo Development In Vitro.

During the in vitro maturation process of oocytes, oxidative stress is commonly present, and excessive oxidative stress can affect oocyte maturation. Thus, adding antioxidants during maturation is an effective strategy for reducing oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a derivative of cysteine, participates in glutathione (GSH) metabolism and stimulates glutathione synthesis. However, a clear understanding of the effect of NAC on sheep oocytes remains unknown. In this study, we investigated NAC's impact on the maturation of sheep oocytes, and the results revealed that the maturation rate, …

Effects of castration on growth performance and pineal gland function of Hu sheep.

Castration, as a veterinary procedure, can enhance carcass quality, significantly influencing the development of male animals. This study aimed to assess the effect of castration on growth performance and pineal gland function in Hu sheep lambs. Six healthy male Hu sheep were selected and randomly assigned to two groups. Three lambs underwent castration at 3 days of age (CAS), whereas the control group (CK) remained uncastrated. All lambs were housed indoors. Results indicated that the CAS group's body weight was significantly lower than that of the CK group (p < 0.05). However, the feed conve…

Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Readout of CLN5 Gene Therapy Efficacy in Sheep.

PURPOSE: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL; Batten disease) are a group of rare inherited neurodegenerative disorders caused by mutations in one of 13 ceroid lipofuscinosis neuronal (CLN) genes. The diseases share a common set of symptoms, including motor and cognitive dysfunction, progressive loss of vision, and seizure activity. A naturally occurring model of CLN5 NCL exists in New Zealand Borderdale sheep, which exhibit similar clinical disease and post-mortem pathology to the human disease. Recent trials of concurrent intracerebroventricular and intravitreal gene therapy in sheep with CL…

Fundamentals of diagnostic ultrasonography in sheep and goat medicine: a comprehensive illustrated overview.

This illustrated review emphasizes the fundamentals of diagnostic ultrasonography in sheep and goat medicine. The procedure can effectively assess the thoracic and abdominal organs in both healthy and diseased states. The review discusses five main sections. The first one clarifies the principles of pulmonary sonography in sheep and goats followed by image finding in animals with respiratory disorders including pneumonia, pleuropneumonia, lung abscessation and pleuritis. Second section shows the fundamentals of echography in sheep and goats followed by scanning of animals with cardiovascular d…

The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing: Incidental Pulmonary Hydatidosis masquerading as Constitutional Symptoms.

Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, remains a significant health concern in endemic regions. This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic challenges of pulmonary hydatid cysts in non-endemic areas, presenting a unique case of an incidental pulmonary hydatid cyst in a 31-year-old lactating female discovered during evaluation of non-specific constitutional symptoms.

Evaluation of a lateral flow test to diagnose liver fluke in cattle and sheep.

Fasciola hepatica (the liver fluke) is an important parasite of cattle and sheep globally. Current diagnostic tests are laboratory based, which involve costs for sample collection and time taken for results to be returned. This can discourage farmers from engaging with the industry message to test before treating. Treatment in the absence of a diagnosis can contribute to the development of resistance to anthelmintics. We have developed a lateral flow test (LFT) to detect antibodies to fluke in whole blood, which can be used on-farm to detect exposure in cattle and sheep within 10 min. LFT perf…

Серологические данные о лихорадке Q у тибетских овец в провинции Цинхай, Китай.

Q лихорадка, вызванная внутриклеточной бактерией Coxiella signetii (C. signetii), является глобальной зоонотической болезнью. Данные о заражении тибетских овец в Цинхае, Китай, отсутствуют. В ходе этого исследования было собрано 1043 образца тибетской сыворотки овец (421 женщина и 622 мужчины) из 8 районов провинции Цинхай, которые были обследованы на предмет выявления антитела против С. Общая распространенность инфекции C. gretii составила 5,9% (62/1043, 95% CI 4.5-7.4). Интересно отметить, что показатели инфицирования тибетскими овцами (C. sergetii) не свидетельствуют о наличии статистически

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Q fever, caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii), is a global zoonotic disease. No data is available about C. burnetii infection in Tibetan sheep in Qinghai, China. In this study, 1043 Tibetan sheep serum samples (421 females and 622 males) were collected from 8 regions in Qinghai Province and examined for antibodies ag…

Epidemiological landscape and genetic prospects for marker-assisted selection in Kazakh sheep.

This comprehensive review examines the current epidemiological landscape, genetic resistance mechanisms, and control strategies for major sheep diseases in Kazakhstan. The study systematically analyzes three primary disease categories: parasitic infestations (including echinococcosis, fascioliasis, gastrointestinal strongylatosis, and protozoan infections), infectious diseases (foot rot, scrapie, Maedi-Visna, pasteurellosis, brucellosis), and hereditary disorders. Our analysis revealed significant regional variations in disease prevalence, with southern and western regions of Kazakhstan exhibi…

The effects of rain and flooding on leptospirosis incidence in sheep and cattle in New Zealand.

AIMS: To describe the spatio-temporal patterns of leptospirosis case counts in sheep and cattle in New Zealand, and to assess their association with climate variables indicative of flooding and surface runoff. As livestock are a major reservoir of Leptospira spp. and an important source of zoonotic transmission, understanding these patterns is critical for informing livestock and public health interventions in the context of climate change. METHODS: Confirmed cases of bovine and ovine leptospirosis from January 2011 to December 2023 were extracted from the Ministry for Primary Industries' Ani…

A novel frameshift variant in ALS2 associated with segmental axonopathy in Merino sheep.

BACKGROUND: Segmental axonopathy is a recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder that has affected Merino sheep since the early 1930s. Despite its long-standing recognition, the genetic basis of the condition remained unknown. This study aimed to identify the genetic cause of segmental axonopathy and confirm its pathological features to improve diagnostic accuracy and inform breeding strategies. RESULTS: Whole genome sequencing and genotyping of affected and unaffected Merino sheep identified a novel homozygous frameshift variant in the ALS2 gene that segregated with disease. RNA sequen…

Sleep disturbance in clinical and preclinical scrapie-infected sheep measured by polysomnography.

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterised by neuronal loss and abnormal deposition of pathological proteins in the nervous system. Among … the first description of sleep disturbance caused by classical scrapie in clinical and preclinical sheep using polysomnography compared to healthy controls. Fifteen sheep classified into three groups, clinical, preclinical and negative control, were analysed. The results show a decrease in total sleep time as the disease progresses, with significant ch …

A Dynamic Sheep Model to Induce Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure.

Decompensated right ventricular failure (RVF) in pulmonary hypertension (PH) is fatal, with limited medical treatment options. Developing and testing novel therapeutics for PH requires a clinically relevant large animal model of increased pulmonary vascular resistance and RVF. This manuscript describes the method to induce an ovine PH-RVF model that utilizes left pulmonary artery (LPA) ligation, progressive main pulmonary artery (MPA) banding, and insertion of an RV pressure line for monitoring. The PA cuff and RV pressure tubing are connected to subcutaneous access ports. This model of PH-RVF

Molecular evidence of potential albendazole-resistance in Teladorsagia circumcincta in Iraqi sheep.

Gastrointestinal nematodes infection is one of the major health problems in the livestock industry in many parts of the world and Iraq. Anthelmintic drugs are heavily relied upon to control them so that repeated use lead to development of anthelmintic resistance. The present study was carried out to detect the albendazole-resistance in Teladorsagia circumcincta from Iraqi sheep in Soran district, Kurdistan Region. A total of 140 sheep abomasa were randomly collected. Allele-specific PCR (ASP) was used to investigate the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in codon 200 of isotyp…

Isolation and Genomic Characterization of the G6P[1]-Type Sheep Rotavirus in China.

Rotavirus A (RVA) is a prevalent cause of enteric diarrhea in infants, bovine, pigs, and sheep globally. Currently, the G6P[1]-type rotaviruses are prevalent in sheep or goat in Bangladesh, Turkey, and Uganda. However, this genotype has not been reported in Chinese sheep or goat. Therefore, 12 anal swabs were collected from diarrheal sheep in Gansu Province, China, in 2023 and tested for rotavirus using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Pathological sections and immunohistochemistry were used to observe pathological changes and rotavirus antigens in the duodenum, respec…

Genomic Regions Associated with Resistance to Gastrointestinal Nematode Parasites in Sheep-A Review.

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) can be a major constraint and global challenge to the sheep industry. These nematodes infect the small intestine and abomasum of grazing sheep, causing symptoms such as weight loss, diarrhea, hypoproteinemia, and anemia, which can lead to death. The use of anthelmintics to treat infected animals has led to GIN resistance, and excessive use of these drugs has resulted in residue traced in food and the environment. Resistance to GINs can be measured using multiple traits, including fecal egg count (FEC), Faffa Malan Chart scores, hematocrit, packed cell volume, …

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of sheep owners regarding abortion in Northern Tunisia.

BACKGROUND: Abortion in ewes causes high economic losses and represents a threat for human health due to abortive zoonotic pathogens. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among sheep owners in the northern Tunisia regarding ewes' abortions. METHODS: Between February 2021 and May 2022, a structured questionnaire containing both close and open-ended questions was applied to 120 sheep owners in northern Tunisia. The data collected were analysed by chi-square test using Epi info 6 software. RESULTS: The majority (75%) of participants reported…

A novel missense variant in the RELN gene in sheep with lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia.

Lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia (LCH) represents a spectrum of congenital developmental malformations of the cerebral cortex and cer … and genetic findings are consistent with previously described phenotypes of RELN variants in Churra sheep, dogs, and humans.

Mitochondrial respiration is lower in the intrauterine growth-restricted fetal sheep heart.

Fetuses affected by intrauterine growth restriction have an increased risk of developing heart disease and failure in adulthood. Compared with controls, late gestation intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) fetal sheep have fewer binucleated cardiomyocytes, reflecting a more immature heart, which may reduce mitochondrial capacity to oxidize substrates. We hypothesized that the late gestation IUGR fetal heart has a lower capacity for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles from IUGR and control (CON) fetal sheep at 90% gestation were harvested. Mitochondrial …