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Effect of hyperlipidemic diets, proinflammatory agents and plasma expanders on leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium of aorta and carotid artery of rats.

A comparative study of leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium of the thoracic aorta and left carotid artery in rats has been performed after administration of two hyperlipidemic diets for 15 days, proinflammatory agents (thrombin, lipopolysaccharide and zymosan activated serum) and plasma expanders [dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), rat albumin and several bovine albumins from different sources]. Leukocytes adhered to the endothelium were demonstrated in surface preparations by esterase activity. Activation of circulating leukocytes was measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction and luminol

Development of a dissolving microneedle patch for transdermal delivery of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine with enhanced stability and immunogenicity.

Microneedles (MNs)-based transdermal delivery systems present a promising alternative to intramuscular injection (IM) for mRNA vaccines, offering improved patient compliance, enhanced skin-targeted delivery, and increased vaccine stability while reducing hepatic accumulation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Here, we developed a dissolving microneedle patch (DMP) for SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine RQ3013 delivery, employing a matrix composed of 15 % polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and 10 % polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for its optimal mechanical properties and mRNA-LNPs compatibility. We utilized the one-step vacu

Bilayer Tablet Formulation of Metformin HCl and Acarbose: A Novel Approach To Control Diabetes.

UNLABELLED: The present investigation studied a novel bilayer tablet having an extended release system of metformin HCl with Eudragit RS 100 and RL 100 and an immediate release system of acarbose with polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) in different ratios using solvent evaporation and cogrinding techniques. Solid dispersions (SDs) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder x-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as by content uniformity, in vitro d

Nanostructure copper oxocobaltate fabricated by co-precipitation route using copper and cobalt nitrate as precursors: characterization by combined diffuse reflectance and FT infrared spectra.

Nanostructure copper oxocobaltate has been fabricated by a co-precipitation route using copper and cobalt nitrate as precursors. The physicochemical properties of copper cobaltate have been characterized via X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The X-ray diffraction patterns indicates the presence of a spinel crystalline phase, (Cu0.30Co0.70)Co2O4, copper oxocobaltate with face-centered cubic lattice and Fd3m space group. FESEM images also illustrated a typical hexagonal morphology with particle size 25 nm, showing a good nanoscale crystall

Cytokine expression is downregulated by collagen-polyvinylpyrrolidone in hypertrophic scars.

We evaluated the in situ expression of adhesion molecules (E-selectin and vascular cell-adhesion molecule) and proinflammatory/fibrogenic cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and PDGF) in sections of normal skin, hypertrophic scar, and hypertrophic scar previously treated with an irradiated mixture of collagen-polyvinylpyrrolidone and completely resolved. Expression of these proteins was detected by indirect immunoperoxidase staining. The hypertrophic scar group displayed an increased amount of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and PDGF compared with the normal skin and treated scar groups

Antibacterial Assessment of Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles against Streptococcus pyogenes and Acinetobacter baumannii.

BACKGROUND: Due to the appearance of resistant bacterial strains against the antimicrobial drugs and the reduced efficiency of these valuable resources, the health of a community and the economies of countries have been threatened. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the antibacterial assessment of zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) against Streptococcus pyogenes and Acinetobacter baumannii has been performed. METHODS: ZnS NPs were synthesized through a co-precipitation method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000). The size and morphology of the

Development of a P((MAA-co-NVP)-g-EG) Hydrogel Platform for Oral Protein Delivery: Effects of Hydrogel Composition on Environmental Response and Protein Partitioning.

Hydrogels based upon terpolymers of methacrylic acid, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, and poly(ethylene glycol) are developed and characterized for their ability to respond to changes in environmental pH and to partition protein therapeutics of varying molecular weights and isoelectric points. P((MAA-co-NVP)-g-EG) hydrogels are synthesized with PEG-based cross-linking agents of varying length and incorporation densities. The composition is confirmed using FT-IR spectroscopy and shows peak shifts indicating hydrogen bonding. Scanning electron microscopy reveals microparticles with an irregular, planar mor

Effect of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin on the solubility, stability and in-vitro release of ciprofloxacin for ocular drug delivery.

Eye drops in the form of an aqueous solution with a lower viscosity are preferred for local administrations in ophthalmology. In ophthalmic formulations, cyclodextrins (CDs) are frequently used in recent years in order to increase water solubility, stability and bioavailability of an active substance and decrease an irritation to the eye. The scope of the present study was to investigate the influence of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) on the solubility, stability and in vitro release of ciprofloxacin (CIP). According to the phase solubility studies, A(L) type solubility curve was obtai

Topical iodine and fluoride varnish combined is more effective than fluoride varnish alone for protecting erupting first permanent molars: a retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: This communication examines the combined effect of topical polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP)-iodine plus fluoride varnish in the prevention of tooth decay in erupting first permanent molars in an ongoing public health program. METHODS: The evaluation employed a retrospective cohort design with two groups of children 60-83 months. Cohort 1 (2004-05) received three times per school year topical fluoride varnish, and Cohort 2 (2008-09) received topical application of 10 percent PVP-iodine followed at each visit with topical fluoride varnish. The children were examined clinically at the begin

Real-world safety and efficacy of Anti-VEGF treatment in Brazil.

PurposeThis retrospective study evaluated the safety and efficacy of real-world antiangiogenic therapy for ocular conditions in the private healthcare sector in southern Brazil.MethodsMedical records from patients who underwent intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections over the past 12 years were reviewed retrospectively. Data collection included the primary diagnoses, drugs administered, injection techniques, adverse effects, and treatment efficacy. Efficacy was assessed by comparing preand posttreatment visual acuity and central subfield thickness in eyes with followup

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… Preoperative topical anesthetic drops and topical povidone-iodine were routinely applied before the lid speculum placement. Starting in 2018, an additional drop of povidone-iodine was applied after inserting the lid speculum. … After the first injection, all materials were replaced, fresh gloves were worn, and additional povidone-iodine was applied before administering the injection in the second eye. …

Modified Vecchietti vaginoplasty using self-made single-port laparoscopy in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the minimally invasive Vecchietti procedure based on single-port laparoscopy with self-made surgical instruments for … the surgery, and the self-made traction system was removed. A plastic mold was then inserted using povidone-iodine. The vaginal dilator had to be worn day and night. The patient was advised to sit at the corner of a hard bed or chair from time to time to enhance the dilated effect of the vaginal mold. Three months after the surgery, it could be worn each …

Laparoscopic-Assisted Modified Intersphincter Resection for Ultralow Rectal Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Intersphincter resection (ISR) is considered to be a superior technique offering sphincter preservation in patients with ultralo … r removal of the specimen en bloc per anus, the pelvic cavity was generously irrigated with diluted povidone iodine solutions. The distal margin of the specimen was then examined by frozen section for presence of cancer. If clear, coloanal anastomosis was performed using a handsewn technique. The colon was rotated 90° and anastomosed to the anal canal with …

A systematic review for effective management of central venous catheters and catheter sites in acute care paediatric patients.

BACKGROUND: Central venous catheters (CVCs) have provided many benefits in modern-day medical practice; however, they also put patients at r … cy of dressing changes. There was some evidence to suggest that chlorhexidine lotion is superior to povidone iodine as a cutaneous antiseptic at the catheter insertion site. However, no recommendation can be made for the use of chlorhexidine in neonates less than 2 weeks old or in premature infants. This systematic review concluded that there is an urgent …

Vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-2 play a major role in the pathogenesis of vascular leakage in cirrhotic rats.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The extent and molecular mechanisms governing plasma extravasation and formation of ascites in cirrhosis are unknown. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) are endogenous substances with powerful vascular permeability effects. We assessed regional blood flow, vascular leakage, mRNA and tissular expression of VEGF-A and Ang-2 and vascular permeability following VEGF receptor 2 blockade in control and cirrhotic rats to define the vascular territories showing altered vascular permeability in cirrhosis and to determine whether VEGF-A and Ang-

Capacity and tolerance of a new device for ocular drug delivery.

A new method to increase the drug-capacity of the OphthaCoil, a flexible and tubular device for delivery of drugs to the tear film of the eye, was explored. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)- and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-microspheres were prepared by suspension polymerization. The resultant particles were swollen in a highly concentrated solution of either the dye fluorescein sodium or the antibiotic chloramphenicol. The loaded particles were placed in the central cavity of the ocular device. In vitro release profiles showed a six-fold increase of the capacity

Radiographic bone fill following non-surgical therapy--a report of three cases.

PURPOSE: Non-surgical therapy, including scaling, root planing, and personal plaque control continues to be a powerful effective treatment modality for treating chronic periodontal diseases. Reports in the literature have suggested that adjunctive procedures such as systemic antibiotics and topical antiseptics may enhance the clinical outcomes of non-surgical treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three retrospective case reports spanning an evaluation period of 9-36 months are presented. The patients were treated in a private periodontal practice and had advanced periodontal disease. A significant

Causes, treatment and prevention of early childhood caries: a microbiologic perspective.

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a virulent form of dental caries that can destroy the primary dentition of toddlers and preschool children. It occurs worldwide, afflicting predominantly disadvantaged children. High-risk North American populations include Hispanic and Native American children, as well as children enrolled in Head Start, a federally funded program for preschool children living in poverty. The prevalence of EEC among these children ranges from 11% to 72%. ECC is an infectious disease, and Streptococcus mutans is the most likely causative agent; diet also plays a critical role in

Bioplastique at 6 years: clinical outcome studies.

Bioplastique is a biphasic polymer for the permanent augmentation of some soft tissues. It was developed in 1987, and clinical studies at this institution were begun in 1990. The combination of low molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone and solid polymer particles allows the implantation of permanent polymer spheres through a small needle under local anesthesia. In this study 127 cases are reviewed of consecutive patients who have received Bioplastique for scar revision, wrinkles, and augmentation for soft-tissue defects at 6 years after application. All patients who had not been in for follow-