Результаты поиска

Using antipsychotic agents in older patients.

OBJECTIVES: Antipsychotics are widely used in geriatric psychiatric disorders. A growing number of atypical antipsychotics are available, ex … nia was risperidone (1.25-3.5 mg/day). Quetiapine (100-300 mg/day), olanzapine (7.5-15 mg/day), and aripiprazole (15-30 mg/day) were high second line. For older patients with delusional disorder, an antipsychotic was the only treatment recommended. For agitated nonpsychotic major depression in an older patient, the experts' first-line recommendation was an ant …

Repurposing of nervous system drugs for cancer treatment: recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives.

The nervous system plays a critical role in developmental biology and oncology, influencing processes from ontogeny to the complex dynamics of cancer progression. Interactions between the nervous system and cancer significantly affect oncogenesis, tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, treatment resistance, inflammation that promotes tumors, and the immune response. A comprehensive understanding of the signal transduction pathways involved in cancer biology is essential for devising effective anti-cancer strategies and overcoming resistance to existing therapies. Recent advances in cancer neurosc

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Additionally, Aripiprazole as a partial agonist has been noted for its potential to modulate immune responses within the tumor microenvironment, suggesting a novel approach to enhancing the efficacy of existing cancer therapies [ 96 ]. … | Antipsychotics | Head and neck cancer | Aripiprazole sensitizes head and neck cancer cells to ionizing radiation by enhancing the production of reactive oxygen species [ 165 ] Breast cancer | Antipsychotics drug aripiprazole as a lead against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) in vitro [ 166 ] Glioblastoma …

White-matter microstructure in previously drug-naive patients with schizophrenia after 6 weeks of treatment.

BACKGROUND: It is not clear whether the progressive changes in brain microstructural deficits documented in previous longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies might be due to the disease process or to other factors such as medication. It is important to explore the longitudinal alterations in white-matter (WM) microstructure in antipsychotic-naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia during the very early phase of treatment when relatively 'free' from chronicity. METHOD: Thirty-five patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 22 healthy volunteers were recruited. High-resol

Age-grouped differences in bipolar mania.

OBJECTIVE: This review of published studies compares scores on individual items of mania rating scales that systematically recorded symptom severity in persons diagnosed with bipolar disorder to identify age-grouped differences. METHODS: An extensive literature search identified item scores from mania rating scales, with a particular emphasis on baseline Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) item scores in published double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of bipolar I manic disorder. These baseline YMRS item scores were assessed as a proportion of the total YMRS score and compared by age group. Ad

Zotepine versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: In many parts of the world, particularly in industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotic drugs have beco … ed only randomised clinical controlled trials that compared zotepine with any forms of amisulpride, aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, sertindole or ziprasidone in people suffering from only schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: SS and KK extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated rel …

Clozapine for Treatment-Resistant Disruptive Behaviors in Youths With Autism Spectrum Disorder Aged 10-17 Years: Protocol for an Open-Label Trial.

BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition emerging in early childhood, characterized by core features such as sociocommunicative deficits and repetitive, rigid behaviors, interests, and activities. In addition to these, disruptive behaviors (DB), including aggression, self-injury, and severe tantrums, are frequently observed in pediatric patients with ASD. The atypical antipsychotics risperidone and aripiprazole, currently the only Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for severe DB in patients with ASD, often encounter therapeutic failure …

Regional Variation in Physician Adoption of Antipsychotics: Impact on US Medicare Expenditures.

BACKGROUND: Regional variation in US Medicare prescription drug spending is driven by higher prescribing of costly brand-name drugs in some … f physician adoption of 3 antipsychotics introduced during this period (quetiapine, ziprasidone and aripiprazole) by estimating a shared frailty model of the time to first prescription for each drug. We then assigned physicians to one of 306 U.S. hospital referral regions (HRRs) and measured the average propensity to adopt per region. Using 2010 data for a ran …

[Medication-related oculogyric crises: a description of four cases and a review of the literature].

INTRODUCTION: Oculogyric crises are considered to be a form of focal dystonia and can be observed as reactions to pharmaceuticals. The signs and symptoms may be confused with epileptic crises. AIMS: To describe the clinical features and progress of patients with pharmaceutical-related oculogyric crises and to carry out a review of the topic. CASE REPORTS: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study of four patients evaluated in the neurology service due to oculogyric crises. The patients had been diagnosed with an associated conduct disorder requiring treatment with antipsychotic drugs.

Efficacy of oral versus long-acting antipsychotic treatment in patients with early-phase schizophrenia in Europe and Israel: a large-scale, open-label, randomised trial (EULAST).

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with periods of remission and relapse. As discontinuation of antipsychotic medica … ore screening, were randomly allocated (1:1:1:1) using block randomisation to LAI paliperidone, LAI aripiprazole, or the respective oral formulations of these antipsychotics. Randomisation was stratified by country and duration of illness (6 months up to 3 years vs 4 to 7 years). Patients were followed up for up to 19 months. The primary endpoint was discontin …

Coprescription of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines at hospital discharge.

INTRODUCTION: Antipsychotics and benzodiazepines (BZD) are known to increase the risk of sedation, dizziness, cognitive impairment and even … rescribed drugs, respectively for CS-AP, LT-AP, and BZD, were cyamemazine (24.3% of prescriptions), aripiprazole (16.2%), and diazepam (24.7%). Prevalence of CS-AP+BZD and CS-AP+LT-AP+BZD coprescriptions was respectively 14.8% and 10.1%. After adjustment for age, sex, mode of admission, length of stay class, and prescription of at least one LT-AP at discharge, …

Switching antipsychotic medication to reduce sexual dysfunction in people with psychosis: the REMEDY RCT.

BACKGROUND: Sexual dysfunction is common among people who are prescribed antipsychotic medication for psychosis. Sexual dysfunction can impa … s that are considered to have a relatively low propensity for sexual side effects (i.e. quetiapine, aripiprazole or olanzapine). All participants were offered brief psychoeducation and support to discuss their sexual health and functioning. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was patient-reported sexual dysfunction, measured using the Arizona Sexual Ex …

Sequential Multiple-Assignment Randomized Trials to Compare Antipsychotic Treatments (SMART-CAT) in first-episode schizophrenia patients: Rationale and trial design.

Accumulated studies have investigated pharmacological interventions for first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients. However, studies on subs … will be randomly assigned to one of the treatments with oral olanzapine, risperidone, amisulpride, aripiprazole or perphenazine. Subjects who fail to respond after 8 weeks will enter the phase 2 randomization. Phase 2 is an equipoise-stratified randomization trial, and patients will be randomly assigned to oral olanzapine, amisulpride or clozapine for 8 weeks …

Improvement in psychotic symptoms after a gluten-free diet in a boy with complex autoimmune illness.

At age 8, “Chris,” a Caucasian boy, experienced intermittent auditory and visual hallucinations, but without bizarre behaviors or much deterioration in functioning. At age 15, he developed a depressed mood, started talking to himself, and became socially withdrawn, and his academic performance declined. He was hospitalized and diagnosed as having major depressive disorder with psychotic features. MRI and EEG showed no abnormalities. Treatment with escitalopram (10 mg/day) and aripiprazole (5 mg/day) had little effect. Several weeks after discharge, he was admitted for a second time with the sa…

[Antipsychotic-drug-induced hyperprolactinemia: physiopathology, clinical features and guidance].

BACKGROUND: Hyperprolactinemia is a frequent but neglected adverse effect observed in patients treated with antipsychotic-drugs. In this rev … tin-raising (conventional neuroleptics, amisulpride, risperidone) and prolactin-sparing (clozapine, aripiprazole, olanzapine) antipsychotics. An English study showed that 18% of men and 47% of women treated with antipsychotics for severe mental illness had a prolactin level above the normal range. Hyperprolactinemia is in fact more frequent in women than in me …

Treatments for late-life bipolar disorder.

BACKGROUND: Bipolar affective disorder is not uncommon in the elderly; prevalence rates in the United States range from 0.1% to 0.4%. Howeve … e, topiramate, gabapentin, zonisamide, clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, aripiprazole). These terms were then combined with the diagnostic terms bipolar disorder, mania, hypomania, depression, or bipolar depression. Finally, the terms ECT and psychotherapy were also queried in combination with indicators for age and diagnosis. A few …

Comparative effects of 18 antipsychotics on metabolic function in patients with schizophrenia, predictors of metabolic dysregulation, and association with psychopathology: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic treatment is associated with metabolic disturbance. However, the degree to which metabolic alterations occur in tr … in terms of metabolic side-effects, with olanzapine and clozapine exhibiting the worst profiles and aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, cariprazine, lurasidone, and ziprasidone the most benign profiles. Increased baseline weight, male sex, and non-white ethnicity are predictors of susceptibility to antipsychotic-induced metabolic change, and improvements in psychopat …

Ziprasidone versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: In many countries of the industrialised world second generation ('atypical') antipsychotics have become the first line drug trea … at least single-blind, controlled trials comparing oral ziprasidone with oral forms of amisulpride, aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone or zotepine in people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For continuous data, we calculated weighted mean differences (M …

Primary Localized Amyloidosis of Larynx: A Case Report.

Psychotic symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) are relatively common and, in addition to creating a disturbance in patients' daily lives, ha … requires cumbersome monitoring and olanzapine leads to motor worsening. Studies of ziprasidone and aripiprazole are limited to open-label trials and case reports and are highly variable; however, it appears that while each may be effective in some patients, both are associated with adverse effects. While quetiapine has not been determined efficacious in two r …

A different insight in hair analysis: Simultaneous measurement of antipsychotic drugs and metabolites in the protein and melanin fraction of hair from criminal justice patients.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have postulated that four structural compartments may be differentiated in hair: surface protein domain, water- … aneous quantification of the following 19 antipsychotic drugs and metabolites in hair: amisulpride, aripiprazole, chlorpromazine, clotiapine, clozapine, desmethylclozapine, desmethylolanzapine, haloperidol, norchlorpromazine, 7-OH-quetiapine, 9-OH-risperidone, olanzapine, pimozine, pimpamperone, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, sulpride, and tiapride; b) e …

Clinical effectiveness and patient perspectives of different treatment strategies for tics in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: a systematic review and qualitative analysis.

BACKGROUND: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by chronic motor and vocal tics affecting up to 1% of sch … arms favours the most commonly used medications: risperidone (Risperdal(®), Janssen), clonidine and aripiprazole (Abilify(®), Otsuka). Larger and better-conducted trials addressing important clinical uncertainties are required. Further research is needed into widening access to behavioural interventions through use of technology including mobile applications ( …