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Safeguarding COVID-19 and cancer management: drug design and therapeutic approach.

Recent clinical cohort studies have highlighted that there is a three-fold greater SARS-Cov-2 infection risk in cancer patients, and overall mortality in individuals with tumours is increased by 41% with respect to general COVID-19 patients. Thus, access to therapeutics and intensive care is compromised for people with both diseases (comorbidity) and there is risk of delayed access to diagnosis. This comorbidity has resulted in extensive burden on the treatment of patients and health care system across the globe; moreover, mortality of hospitalized patients with comorbidity is reported to be 3

Neurofilament light chain in serum of cancer patients with acute neurological complications.

Aim: Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a nonspecific sensitive biomarker of axonal damage.Methods: This case series identified cancer patients with neurological complications who had serum NfL measurements and paired these results to outcomes.Results: NfL serum levels were available in 15 patients with hematological malignancies or solid tumors. The neurological complications studied were immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, immune checkpoint inhibitor-related encephalopathy, anoxic brain injury, Guillain-Barre syndrome, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, transverse myelit

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… An extensive work-up was negative, including an autoimmune antibody panel and JC virus. The serum NfL level was 417.0 pg/ml (normal <28.0 pg/ml). The patient's symptoms improved with steroids along with MR white matter findings at 3-month follow-up (Supplementary Image S13). …

Early administration of remdesivir plus convalescent plasma therapy is effective to treat COVID-19 pneumonia in B-cell depleted patients with hematological malignancies.

Patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) are at a higher risk of developing severe form and protracted course of COVID-19 disease. We investigated whether the combination of viral replication inhibition with remdesivir and administration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulins with convalescent plasma (CP) therapy might be sufficient to treat B-cell-depleted patients with COVID-19. We enrolled 20 consecutive patients with various HMs with profound B-cell lymphopenia and COVID-19 pneumonia between December 2020 and May 2021. All patients demonstrated undetectable baseline anti-SARS-CoV-2 immun

The Mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill Elicits Medicinal Effects on Tumor, Infection, Allergy, and Inflammation through Its Modulation of Innate Immunity and Amelioration of Th1/Th2 Imbalance and Inflammation.

The medicinal mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill from the Brazilian rain forest has been used in traditional medicine and as health food for the prevention of a range of diseases, including infection, allergy, and cancer. Other scientists and we have examined whether there is scientific evidence behind such postulations. Agaricus blazei M is rich in the immunomodulating polysaccharides, β-glucans, and has been shown to have antitumor, anti-infection, and antiallergic/-asthmatic properties in mouse models, in addition to anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory bowel disease patients. These effec

Редкое дерматологическое проявление фолликулярных смешений у пациента с множественной миеломой и конечной стадией почечной болезни при гемодиализе: отчет по делу.

Множественная миелома (ММ) — гематологическая порча, характеризующаяся клональным расширением злокачественных плазменных клеток в костном мозге, что приводит к различным системным осложнениям. Хотя резкие проявления MM редки, фолликулы представляют собой весьма специфический, но редкий дерматологический вывод, связанный с MM. В настоящем исследовании представлен пример 59-year-old Человек с MM, который демонстрировал фолликулярный акантоз и гиперкератоз в качестве скромных индикаторов злодеяний. Пациент с историей сцены 5 В ходе клинической оценки и лабораторных исследований был диагностирован

Surveillance of the current situation regarding influenza vaccination according to medical oncologists in Japan.

This study aimed to clarify the attitude of oncologists toward influenza vaccination and the current situation and issues regarding influenza vaccination for patients on chemotherapy in Japan. A web-based survey of medical oncologists certified by the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology was conducted between November 1 and December 31, 2019. Of the 1369 medical oncologists who were invited to participate, 415 (30.3%) responded to our survey. The questionnaire comprised 4 sections: "oncologist characteristics," "oncologist attitude toward influenza vaccines and the current status of influenza

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: current evidence and future perspectives.

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor. Traditional therapeutic approaches have limited efficacy in locally advanced HNSCC patients, and neoadjuvant immunotherapy has emerged as a new hope. However, the current outcomes of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for HNSCC are not yet optimal and urgently need improvement. This article comprehensively reviews the clinical research progress of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in the field of HNSCC treatment. By integrating perspectives from the regulatory mechanisms of the immune microenvironment, we propose future resea

Терапевтические достижения в множестве склерозов: новые методы лечения (иммунные ингибиторы на контрольно-пропускных пунктах, CAR-T, Anti-CD40L).

По мере того как пациенты с множественным склерозом (MS) возраста также повышают риск заболевания раком. Иммунные ингибиторы на контрольно-пропускных пунктах (ИКИ) являются новыми моноклональными антителами, которые революционизировали лечение рака. Однако их использование ограничивается неблагоприятными явлениями, связанными с иммунизацией. У пациентов, у которых MS и ранее существовала аутоиммунная болезнь, есть опасения, что использование ICI может ухудшить последствия заболеваний. В первой части этого обзора мы обсуждаем текущие данные о КИУ и НР, которые в целом свидетельствуют о том, что

Re-estimation of the burden of serious fungal diseases in Uganda.

BACKGROUND: It is of utmost importance to monitor any change in the epidemiology of fungal diseases that may arise from a change in the number of the at-risk population or the availability of local data. OBJECTIVE: We sought to update the 2015 publication on the incidence and prevalence of serious fungal diseases in Uganda. METHODS: Using the Leading International Fungal Education methodology, we reviewed published data on fungal diseases and drivers of fungal diseases in Uganda. Regional or global data were used where there were no Ugandan data. RESULTS: With a population of ~45 million, w

Cellular immunotherapy in melanoma: the next frontier in cancer treatment.

Therapy-resistant melanoma remains a major clinical challenge despite advances with immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies, as most patients ultimately exhibit primary or acquired resistance and progress through multiple toxic treatment lines with limited durable benefit. This resistance reflects not only T-cell dysfunction but also a profound quantitative deficit of tumor-reactive lymphocytes, compounded by myeloid- and Treg-mediated immunosuppression, impaired antigen presentation, and tumor dedifferentiation programs generating a cold tumor microenvironment. Cellular immunother

Papillary thyroid carcinoma in a patient with long-standing chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A case report.

The synchronous occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is rare and poses diagnostic challenges, particularly in distinguishing metastatic thyroid disease from hematological lymphadenopathy. The present report documents the case of a 64-year-old female patient with long-standing CLL who presented with a malignant thyroid nodule accompanied by multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes. A diagnosis was established through integrated immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and multimodal imaging. After the diagnosis of synchronous PTC and CLL/SLL was confi

The Clinical Use of Stem Cell Research in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Critical Analysis of Current Policies.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disorder affecting more than 200 million people around the world, resulting in three million deaths per year. COPD is characterized by the loss of lung tissue and airway remodelling, with chronic inflammation of the airways and progressive destruction of lung parenchyma. The use of stem cells may lead to regenerative processes that address biological damage. However, this approach raises ethical issues that need to be considered in clinical trials using stem cell therapy, such as informed consent, patient recruitment and harm minimization, as w

A cost-utility and budget impact analysis of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe thalassemic patients in Thailand.

BackgroundHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment available to severe thalassemic patients. The treatment, however, is very costly, particularly in the context of low and middle income countries, and no studies have been carried out to explore its economic justifiability. This study aimed to estimate the cost-utility of HSCT compared with blood transfusions combined with iron chelating therapy (BT-ICT) for severe thalassemia in Thailand, and to investigate the affordability of HSCT using a budget impact analysis.MethodsA Markov model was used to estimate t

Updating Korean Disability Weights for Causes of Disease: Adopting an Add-on Study Method.

ObjectivesDisability weights require regular updates, as they are influenced by both diseases and societal perceptions. Consequently, it is necessary to develop an up-to-date list of the causes of diseases and establish a survey panel for estimating disability weights. Accordingly, this study was conducted to calculate, assess, modify, and validate disability weights suitable for Korea, accounting for its cultural and social characteristics.MethodsThe 380 causes of disease used in the survey were derived from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network and from 2019 and 2020 Korean

A Focus on Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell disorder that affects nearly 35,000 people annually. Over 149,000 individuals are estimated to live in the United States with MM. Research has generated a greater understanding of the pathology of this disease, now combined with mature clinical trial data that support the use of combination therapy in treatment. This article focuses on updated diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of newly diagnosed patients. While the diagnosis of MM remains based on the 2014 International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) guidelines, we review these and updated reco

Расширение горизонта: потенциальное применение элементов ЦАР-Т сверх нынешних показателей.

Проектирование иммунных клеток для лечения гематологических заболеваний стало одним из основных направлений исследований с тех пор, как в B-ALL были достигнуты первые заметные успехи в лечении CAR-T-клеток. В настоящее время можно лечить несколько заболеваний в условиях высокой терапии или рецидива. В настоящее время для острого лимфоболического лейкемии (ALL), диффузной лимфомы B-клеток (DLBCL), лимфомы мантичной клетки (MCL), множественной миеломы (MM) и фолликулярной лимфомы (FL) утвержден ряд методов лечения CD19- или BCMA-клеток. Применение этих методов значительно улучшило результативнос

Pleuropulmonary Changes Induced by Drugs in Patients with Hematologic Diseases

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The 'speck'-tacular oversight of the NLRP3-pyroptosis pathway on gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases and tumorigenesis.

The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular sensor and an essential component of the innate immune system involved in danger recognition. An important hallmark of inflammasome activation is the formation of a single supramolecular punctum, known as a speck, per cell, which is the site where the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 are converted into their bioactive form. Speck also provides the platform for gasdermin D protein activation, whose N-terminus domain perforates the plasma membrane, allowing the release of mature cytokines alongside with a highly inflammatory form of cell death

Инфекционные токсичные вещества, связанные с биконкретными антителами и клетками CAR-T в множестве миеломы: систематический обзор.

Лечение с перенацеливанием клеток изменило лечение повторной/охлажденной множественной миэломы (RRMM), но связано со значительным риском инфицирования. Мы систематически анализировали инфекционные заболевания после терапии Т-клеток CAR и биконкретных антител (BSAbs) с уделением особого внимания частотности, времени, патогенам, факторам риска и профилактике. Следуя руководящим принципам PRISMA, мы обыскали Паббмеда до мая. 22, 2026, и включает исследования, содержащие информацию о инфекционных результатах у пациентов, проходящих курс лечения с помощью клеток CAR-T или BsAbs. Всего 123 Был прове

Oncolytic virus therapy in the elderly: immune frailty, challenges, and perspectives.

With global aging accelerating, cancer incidence among older adults is rapidly increasing. Individuals aged ≥65 years now represent 64% of new cancer cases and 71.3% of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This population exhibits a distinct immune imbalance-driven by tumor-induced immunosuppression, immunosenescence, and inflammaging-which contributes to poor tolerance of standard therapies and suboptimal outcomes with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. As an emerging immunotherapeutic strategy, oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively infect tumor cells, induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), and activate the cGAS